Bob Kane: Perbedaan antara revisi

'''Robert Kane''' (lahir '''Robert Kahn''' {{IPAc-en|k|ɑː|n}}; 24 Oktober 1915 – 3 November 1998) adalah seorang penulis dan seniman buku komik Amerika yang ikut menciptakan, bersama [[Bill Finger]], karakter [[DC Comics]] [[Batman]]. Dia dilantik ke industri buku komik [[Jack Kirby Hall of Fame]] pada tahun 1994 dan ke [[Eisner Award|Will Eisner Comic Book Hall of Fame]] pada tahun 1996.

 

Robert Kahn lahir di [[New York City]], [[New York]].<ref name=nytobit>{{cite news| last=Boxer|first=Sarah| url = https://www.nytimes.com/learning/general/onthisday/bday/1024.html |title=Bob Kane, 83, the Cartoonist Who Created 'Batman,' Is Dead| work =[[The New York Times]]| date= 7 November 1998| archivedate= 29 September 2015| archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20150929022628/http://www.nytimes.com/learning/general/onthisday/bday/1024.html | deadurl=no}}</ref> Orang tuanya, Augusta dan Herman Kahn, seorang pengukir,<ref>{{cite book|first=Salvatore| last=Mondello | last2=Carnes | first2=Mark C., ed. | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wZczV8ZxgL4C&pg=PA302 |title=American National Biography: Supplement 2| publisher= [[Oxford University Press]] | year= 2005|accessdate=30 Desember 2012| isbn=978-0195222029}}</ref> adalah keturunan [[Yahudi Ashkenazi|Yahudi Eropa Timur]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.independent.ie/entertainment/books/holy-sunflowers-how-batman-drove-van-gogh-out-of-town-2105626.html |title=Holy sunflowers! How Batman drove Van Gogh out of town|work=[[Irish Independent]]|date= 20 Maret 2010}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Bloom|first=Nate|title=Jewish Stars |publisher=[[Cleveland Jewish News]]|date=18 Juli 2008 |url=https://www.clevelandjewishnews.com/archives/jewish-stars/article_86beaefa-cc2e-5c8d-81ce-f5d56fd4176a.html|accessdate=}}</ref> Teman SMA sesama kartunis dan pencipta Spirit [[Will Eisner]],<ref name="UUaOV">{{cite book | last=Weinstein| first=Simcha| authorlink=Simcha Weinstein | year=2006 | title=Up, Up, and Oy Vey! | edition=1st | publisher=Leviathan Press | isbn=978-1-881927-32-7 }}</ref> Robert Kahn lulus dari [[DeWitt Clinton High School]] dan kemudian secara hukum mengubah namanya menjadi '''Robert Kane'''.<ref name="me">{{cite book |first=Bob |last=Kane |author2=Tom Andrae |title=Batman & Me |publisher=Eclipse Books |location=Forestville, California |year=1989 |isbn=1-56060-017-9 |page=44}}</ref> Ia belajar seni di [[Cooper Union]] sebelum "bergabung dengan Max Fleischer Studio sebagai animator trainee pada tahun 1934".<ref>Chris Ryall, Scott Tipton, ''Comic Books 101: The History, Methods and Madness'' (Impact Books, 2009). {{ISBN|978-1-60061-187-2}}</ref>

 

Pada tahun 1966, Kane pensiun dari DC Comics, memilih untuk fokus pada [[seni rupa]].<ref name="Park West Gallery">{{cite web|title=Bob Kane|url=http://www.parkwestgallery.com/artist/bob-kane|publisher=Park West Gallery|location = [[Southfield, Michigan]]|accessdate= 3 April 2014| archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20140407072647/http://www.parkwestgallery.com/artist/bob-kane | archivedate=7 April 2014|deadurl=no}}</ref> Ketika buku komik Kane meruncing di tahun 1960-an, ia mengubah status Batman menjadi selebritas minor. Dia menikmati karir pasca-komik dalam animasi televisi, menciptakan karakter-karakter [[Courageous Cat]] dan Cool McCool, dan sebagai pelukis menunjukkan karyanya di [[galeri seni]], meskipun beberapa lukisan ini diproduksi oleh seniman hantu.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.newsfromme.com/archives/2007_03_15.html#013103 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090523105715/http://www.newsfromme.com/archives/2007_03_15.html |archivedate=23 Mei 2009 |title=POV Online (column of March 15, 2007): "News from Me: Arnold", by Mark Evanier |publisher=Newsfromme.com |accessdate=2010-12-29 |deadurl=yes |df= }}</ref> DC Comics menyebut Kane pada tahun 1985 sebagai salah satu penerima penghargaan dalam publikasi ulang tahun ke 50 perusahaan ''Fifty Who Made DC Great''.<ref>{{Cite comic| writer = Marx, Barry| cowriters = [[Joey Cavalieri|Cavalieri, Joey]] and Hill, Thomas| artist = Petruccio, Steven | editor = Marx, Barry| story = Bob Kane Batman Takes Wing| title = Fifty Who Made DC Great| date = 1985| publisher = DC Comics| page = 10| panel = | id = }}</ref> Pada tahun 1989, Kane menerbitkan otobiografi ''[[Batman and Me]]'', dengan volume kedua ''Batman and Me, The Saga Continues'', pada tahun 1996.

 

[[Stan Lee]] mewawancarai Kane dalam seri dokumenter ''The Comic Book Greats''.

 

Kane menikahi istri pertamanya, Beverly, pada 1940-an,<ref name=oxfordpress>{{cite book| url=https://books.google.com/books?isbn=0195222024|title= American National Biography: Supplement 2| first=Mark C., ed.|last= Carnes |year=2005 | publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] | isbn=978-0195222029| quote=Kane married his first wife, Beverly, in the 1940s; the couple had a daughter...}}</ref> dan keduanya bercerai pada 1957.<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.bleedingcool.com/2014/08/14/the-bob-kane-files-what-kanes-personal-copies-of-the-earliest-batman-comics-tells-us-about-one-of-comics-historys-most-enigmatic-creators/| title=The Bob Kane Files: What Kane’s Personal Copies Of The Earliest Batman Comics Tells Us About One Of Comics History’s Most Enigmatic Creators|first=Mark |last=Seifert | publisher =[[BleedingCool.com]]|date=14 Agustus 2014 |accessdate= 9 Maret 2017| archivedate= 31 Oktober 2015| archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20151031225534/http://www.bleedingcool.com/2014/08/14/the-bob-kane-files-what-kanes-personal-copies-of-the-earliest-batman-comics-tells-us-about-one-of-comics-historys-most-enigmatic-creators/| deadurl=no}}</ref><ref>Staff-written introduction to {{cite news| url= http://people.com/archive/my-son-the-batman-a-proud-memoir-by-the-artist-who-sired-gothams-defender-vol-32-no-5/| title=My Son, the Batman: A Proud Memoir by the Artist Who Sired Gotham's Defender|first=Bob|last=Kane|date= 31 Juli 1989| work = [[People (magazine)|People]]| accessdate= 8 Maret 2017| archivedate= 9 Maret 2017| archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20170309002529/http://people.com/archive/my-son-the-batman-a-proud-memoir-by-the-artist-who-sired-gothams-defender-vol-32-no-5/| deadurl=no}}</ref> Mereka memiliki seorang putri,<ref name=oxfordpress/> Debora.<ref name=nytobit/> Kane menikahi istri keduanya, aktris Elizabeth Sanders Kane, pada tahun 1987.<ref name="People">{{Cite web |url=http://people.com/archive/caped-creator-vol-50-no-19/ |title= Caped Creator | accessdate= 8 Maret 2017 |work=People|archivedate=9 Maret 2017| archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170309001240/http://people.com/archive/caped-creator-vol-50-no-19/|deadurl=no}}</ref>

 

Kane meninggal pada 3 November 1998, di Cedars-Sinai Medical Center di Los Angeles, pada usia 83.<ref name=nytobit/> Dia dimakamkan di [[Forest Lawn Memorial Park]] di [[Hollywood Hills]] of Los Angeles, California.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.seeing-stars.com/ImagePages/BobKaneGravePhoto.shtml |title=The Grave of Bob Kane |publisher=Seeing-Stars.com |accessdate=2010-12-29 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110110035432/http://www.seeing-stars.com/imagepages/BobKaneGravePhoto.shtml |archivedate=2011-01-10 |df= }}</ref>

 

Kane dilantik ke dalam Jack Kirby Hall of Fame pada tahun 1994<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.hahnlibrary.net/comics/awards/harvey94.php | title= 1994 Harvey Award Nominees and Winners | first= Joel, ed. | last=Hahn | publisher= Comic Book Awards Almanac | accessdate=22 Agustus 2015 | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20150608194910/http://www.hahnlibrary.net/comics/awards/harvey94.php | archivedate= 8 Juni 2015| deadurl=no}}</ref> dan Will Eisner Comic Book Hall of Fame pada tahun 1996.<ref name=halloffame-official>{{cite web| url= http://www.comic-con.org/awards/hall-fame-awards | title=Will Eisner Hall of Fame| publisher= [[San Diego Comic-Con International]] | accessdate= 22 Agustus 2015 | archivedate= 7 Juli 2015| archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150707202058/http://www.comic-con.org/awards/hall-fame-awards | deadurl=no}}</ref>

 

Karya Kane bertempat di koleksi di [[Museum of Modern Art]] Kota New York, [[Whitney Museum of American Art]], dan Universitas St. John.<ref name="Park West Gallery"/>

 

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