Black metal: Perbedaan antara revisi

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Band Denmark [[Mercyful Fate]] mempengaruhi adegan Norwegia dengan citra dan lirik mereka.{{sfn|Moynihan|Søderlind|1998|p=14-16}} Vokalis [[King Diamond]], yang mengenakan cat wajah hitam-putih yang menjijikkan di atas panggung, mungkin menjadi salah satu inspirator dari apa yang kemudian dikenal sebagai 'cat mayat'. Tindakan lain yang mengadopsi penampilan serupa di atas panggung adalah band [[Horror punk|horor punk]] [[The Misfits (band)|Misfits]], Celtic Frost dan band metal ekstrim Brasil [[Sarcófago]].{{sfn|Moynihan|Søderlind|1998|p=36}} Artis lain yang biasanya dianggap sebagai bagian dari gerakan ini termasuk [[Kreator]], [[Sodom (band)|Sodom]] dan [[Destruction]] (dari Jerman),<ref name="killyourself">{{cite journal|last=Lahdenpera|first=Esa|year=1995|title=Northern Black Metal Legends|url=http://www.fmp666.com/moonlight/mayhem.html|journal=Kill Yourself!!! Magazine|issue=4|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120207234358/http://www.fmp666.com/moonlight/mayhem.html|archive-date=7 February 2012|access-date=4 September 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref> [[Bulldozer (grup musik)|Bulldozer]] dan [[Death SS]] (dari Italia),<ref name="emperor10" /> yang vokalisnya Steve Sylvester adalah anggota [[Ordo Templi Orientis]].<ref>''Death SS''. In: Jon Kristiansen: ''Metalion: The Slayer Mag Diaries''. Brooklyn, NY: Bazillion Points Books 2011, p. 474.</ref>
 
Pada tahun 1987, dalam edisi kelima fanzine Slayer-nya, [[Head Not Found|Jon 'Metalion' Kristiansen]] menulis bahwa "tren terbaru band hitam/setan tampaknya sudah berakhir",<ref name="incubus">''Incubus''. In: Jon Kristiansen: ''Metalion: The Slayer Mag Diaries''. Brooklyn, NY: Bazillion Points Books 2011, p. 88.</ref> tradisi dilanjutkan oleh beberapa band seperti Incubus<ref name="incubus" /> dan [[Morbid Angel]]<ref name="incubus" /> (dari Amerika Serikat), [[Sabbat]] (dari Inggris Raya),<ref name="incubus" /> [[Tormentor]] (dari Hongaria), Sarcófago (dari Brasil), [[Grotesque]],<ref name="tiamat">''Tiamat''. In: ''Slayer'', no. 8, 1991, p. 6.</ref><ref name="ekeroth249">Daniel Ekeroth: [https://books.google.com/books?id=jRRvfWp95FIC&pg=PA249&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false ''Swedish Death Metal'']. Second edition. Brooklyn, NY: Bazillion Points 2009, p. 249, accessed on 8 October 2012.</ref> Treblinka,<ref name="ekeroth249" /><ref>Daniel Ekeroth: [https://books.google.com/books?id=jRRvfWp95FIC&pg=PA81&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false ''Swedish Death Metal'']. Second edition. Brooklyn, NY: Bazillion Points 2009, p. 81, accessed on 24 September 2012.</ref> dan [[Tiamat (band)|Tiamat]] awal<ref name="tiamat" /><ref>Daniel Ekeroth: [https://books.google.com/books?id=jRRvfWp95FIC&pg=PA162&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false ''Swedish Death Metal'']. Second edition. Brooklyn, NY: Bazillion Points 2009, p. 162f., accessed on 24 September 2012.</ref> (dari Swedia). Band black metal awal lainnya termasuk [[Sabbat (grup musik)|Sabbat]] (dibentuk 1983 di Jepang),<ref name="heint">Ronald Ziegler: [https://web.archive.org/web/20030121034117/http://www.grimrune.com/watain/heint.html ''Merchandise whorery''], accessed on 23 June 2013.</ref> [[Parabellum]] (dibentuk 1983 di Kolombia),<ref name="musicmight">{{cite web|author=Sharpe-Young, Garry|title=Parabellum biography|url=http://www.musicmight.com/artist/colombia/medellin/parabellum|publisher=[[MusicMight]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160127004936/http://www.musicmight.com/artist/colombia/medellin/parabellum|archive-date=27 January 2016|access-date=23 June 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref> [[Salem (grup musik)|Salem]] (dibentuk 1985 di Israel) dan [[Mortuary Drape]] (dibentuk 1986 di Italia).<ref>Götz Kühnemund: [http://www.rockhard.de/megazine/reviewarchiv/review-anzeigen.html?tx_rxsearch_pi1%5Breview%5D=12403 ''Mortuary Drape''. ''Tolling 13 Knell (DLP)'']. In: ''Rock Hard'', no. 174, accessed on 14 June 2013.</ref> Band Jepang [[Sigh]] terbentuk pada tahun 1990 dan secara teratur berhubungan dengan anggota kunci dari kancah Norwegia. Album debut mereka, ''[[Scorn Defeat]]'', menjadi "sebuah kultus klasik di dunia black metal".<ref name="SighJapan">[https://web.archive.org/web/20080117111501/http://www.sighjapan.com/bio.htm ''Biography''], accessed on 23 June 2013.</ref> Pada tahun-tahun sebelum kancah black metal Norwegia muncul, rekaman penting dirilis oleh [[Root]] dan [[Master's Hammer]] (dari Cekoslowakia), [[Von]] (dari Amerika Serikat), [[Rotting Christ]] (dari Yunani), [[Samael]] (dari Swiss) dan [[Blasphemy (grup musik)|Blasphemy]] (dari Kanada). ), yang album debutnya ''[[Fallen Angel of Doom]]'' (1990) dianggap sebagai salah satu rekaman paling berpengaruh untuk gaya war metal.<ref name="mh112011">Robert Müller: ''Wollt Ihr den ewigen Krieg?''. ''Der tote Winkel''. In: ''[[Metal Hammer]]'', November 2011.</ref><ref name="wbm">Wolf-Rüdiger Mühlmann: ''War Black Metal: Die Extremsten der Extremen''. ''Was bleibt, ist Schutt und Asche''. In: ''Rock Hard'', no. 279, pp. 71–73.</ref><ref name="rh304">Wolf-Rüdiger Mühlmann: ''SARCOFAGO''. ''I.N.R.I.'' In: ''Rock Hard'', Nr. 304, September 2012, p. 73.</ref> [[Fenriz]] dari band Norwegia Darkthrone menyebut album debut Master's Hammer ''[[Ritual (album)|Ritual]]'' "album black metal Norwegia pertama, meskipun mereka berasal dari Cekoslowakia".<ref name=":1">[[Fenriz]]: [https://web.archive.org/web/20091126051753/http://blogs.myspace.com/index.cfm?fuseaction=blog.view&friendId=123087153&blogId=519327311 ''Darkthrone Biography and Video Clips'']. 21 November 2009, accessed on 24 September 2012.</ref>
 
Pada tahun 1990 dan 1991, band metal Eropa Utara mulai merilis musik yang dipengaruhi oleh band-band ini atau yang lebih tua dari gelombang pertama. Di Swedia, ini termasuk Marduk, [[Dissection]], [[Nifelheim]] dan [[Abruptum]]. Di Finlandia, muncul sebuah adegan yang mencampur gaya black metal gelombang pertama dengan elemen death metal dan [[grindcore]]; ini termasuk [[Beherit]], [[Archgoat]] dan [[Impaled Nazarene]], yang album debutnya ''Tol Cormpt Norz Norz Norz'' Wartawan [[Rock Hard]] Wolf-Rüdiger Mühlmann menganggap sebagai bagian dari akar war metal.<ref name="rh307">Wolf-Rüdiger Mühlmann: ''Impaled Nazarene''. ''Tol Cormpt Norz Norz Norz''. In: ''Rock Hard'', no. 307, December 2012, p. 77.</ref> Band seperti [[Demoncy]] dan [[Profanatica]] muncul selama ini di Amerika Serikat, ketika death metal lebih populer di kalangan penggemar metal ekstrim. Konser band Norwegia Mayhem di Leipzig dengan Eminenz dan Manos pada tahun 1990, kemudian dirilis sebagai ''[[Live in Leipzig]]'', dikatakan memiliki pengaruh yang kuat di kancah Jerman Timur<ref name="koenige">Wolf-Rüdiger Mühlmann: ''Die Könige vom Westwall''. ''Die legendären Protagonisten von damals im exklusiven Interview''. In: ''Rock Hard'', no. 269, October 2009, p. 92.</ref> dan bahkan disebut sebagai awal tidak resmi dari black metal Jerman.<ref>Wolf-Rüdiger Mühlmann: ''Deutschland, deine Schwarzmetall-Bands''. In: ''Rock Hard'', no. 269, October 2009, p. 89.</ref>
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{{Main|Blackened death metal}}
 
Blackened death metal umumnya adalah [[death metal]] yang menggabungkan elemen musik, lirislirik atau ideologis dari black metal, seperti peningkatan penggunaan [[Pilihan memetik|tremolo picking]], tema lirik anti-Kristen atau [[Setanisme|Setan]] dan progresi akord yang serupa dengan yang digunakan dalam black metal.<ref name="Sound, Symbol, Sociality">{{cite book|last1=Unger|first1=Matthew|title=Sound, Symbol, Sociality: The Aesthetic Experience of Extreme Metal Music|page=27}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Henderson|first=Alex|title=Ninewinged Serpent – Devian|url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/ninewinged-serpent-mw0000780983|work=[[AllMusic]]|access-date=3 September 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Bowar|first=Chad|title=Hacavitz – Venganza Review|url=http://heavymetal.about.com/od/reviews/gr/hacavitz.htm|work=[[About.com]]|access-date=3 September 2012}}</ref> Band death metal yang menghitam juga lebih cenderung memakai [[cat mayat]] dan baju zirah, daripada band dari gaya death metal lainnya.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Gardner|first1=Robert Owen|title=Studies in Symbolic Interaction|page=119}}</ref> Tuning gitar dengan rentang yang lebih rendah, [[death growl]] dan perubahan [[Tempo (musik)|tempo]] yang tiba-tiba merupakan hal yang umum dalam genre ini.<ref name="Banger">{{cite journal|last1=Dunn|first1=Sam|last2=Deaville|first2=Jason|date=2016|title=Blackened Death Metal|author1-link=Sam Dunn}}</ref> Contoh band blackened death metal adalah [[Belphegor]],<ref>{{cite web|date=21 October 2011|title=Belphegor Suspends All Activities|url=http://www.terrorizer.com/blog1.php/2011/10/21/belphegor-suspend-all-activities|work=[[Terrorizer (magazine)|terrorizer.com]]|access-date=3 September 2012}}</ref> [[Behemoth (band)|Behemoth]],<ref>{{cite web|last=Prato|first=Greg|title=Behemoth|url=http://www.allmusic.com/artist/behemoth-mn0000789429|work=[[AllMusic]]|access-date=3 September 2012}}</ref> [[Akercocke]],<ref>{{cite web|last=Lee|first=Cosmo|date=21 February 2006|title=Akercocke – Words That Go Unspoken, Deeds That Go Undone – Review – Stylus Magazine|url=http://www.stylusmagazine.com/reviews/akercocke/words-that-go-unspoken-deeds-that-go-undone.htm|work=[[Stylus Magazine]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120509181014/http://stylusmagazine.com/reviews/akercocke/words-that-go-unspoken-deeds-that-go-undone.htm|archive-date=9 May 2012|access-date=22 October 2012|quote=Death metal and black metal are notoriously insular, but Akercocke has distinguished itself by freely drawing from both. Death metal tends to emphasize the low end, while black metal mainly resides in the midrange and treble, so Akercocke's 'blackened death' hybrid is rich and full-bodied.|url-status=dead}}</ref> dan [[Sacramentum]].<ref>Pretorious, Neil (30 July 2009). "Review – Sacramentum – Far Away from the Sun"]. ''The Metal Observer''. "If you think that Blackened Death Metal begins and ends with DISSECTION, then think again. SACRAMENTUM seriously dropped the (snow) ball with 'The Coming of Chaos' and 'Thy Black Destiny', but on 'Far Away from the Sun' they really delivered the goods on all fronts."</ref>
 
==== Melodic black-death ====
Melodic black-death<ref name="Dissection Clones">{{cite magazine|last1=D|first1=Chris|title=Top 5 Dissection Clones|url=http://decibelmagazine.com/featured/36966/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160325001026/http://decibelmagazine.com/featured/36966/|url-status=dead|archive-date=25 March 2016|magazine=[[Decibel (magazine)|Decibel]]|access-date=25 July 2018}}</ref> (juga dikenal sebagai blackened melodic death metal atau melodic blackened death metal)<ref name="Blackened Melodic Death Metal: A History Lesson">{{cite web|last1=ANDREW|first1=J|date=19 February 2015|title=Blackened Melodic Death Metal: A History Lesson|url=http://www.metalinjection.net/lists/blackened-melodic-death-metal-a-history-lesson|website=Metal Injection|access-date=25 July 2018}}</ref> adalah genre [[metal ekstrim]] yang menggambarkan gaya yang diciptakan ketika band melodic death metal mulai terinspirasi oleh black metal dan [[Romantisisme|romantisme]] Eropa. Namun, tidak seperti kebanyakan black metal lainnya, genre ini menggabungkan rasa melodi dan narasi yang meningkat.<ref name="Blackened Melodic Death Metal: A History Lesson" /> Beberapa band yang telah memainkan gaya ini termasuk [[Dissection]],<ref name="Dissection Clones" /><ref name="Blackened Melodic Death Metal: A History Lesson" /><ref name="Swedish Death Metal">{{cite book|last1=Ekeroth|first1=Daniel|title=Swedish Death Metal|page=267}}</ref> [[Sacramentum]],<ref name="Dissection Clones" /><ref name="Blackened Melodic Death Metal: A History Lesson" /> [[Naglfar]],<ref name="Blackened Melodic Death Metal: A History Lesson" /> [[God Dethroned]],<ref>{{cite web|last1=Divita|first1=Joe|title=GOD DETHRONED RETURN WITH 'THE WORLD ABLAZE,' UNLEASH DEATHLY MELODIC NEW SINGLE 'ON THE WRONG SIDE OF THE WIRE'|url=http://loudwire.com/god-dethroned-the-world-ablaze-new-single-on-the-wrong-side-of-the-wire/|website=Loudwire|access-date=25 July 2018}}</ref> [[Dawn (grup musik)|Dawn]],<ref name="Blackened Melodic Death Metal: A History Lesson" /> [[Unanimated]],<ref name="Blackened Melodic Death Metal: A History Lesson" /> [[Thulcandra]],<ref name="Dissection Clones" /><ref name="Blackened Melodic Death Metal: A History Lesson" /> [[Skeletonwitch]]<ref>{{cite web|last1=WIEDERHORN|first1=JON|date=18 June 2018|title=SKELETONWITCH: HOW AN ANTON LAVEY–LOVING EX–CHOIR MEMBER PUSHED THRASHERS TO NEW LEVEL|url=https://www.revolvermag.com/music/skeletonwitch-how-anton-lavey%E2%80%93loving-ex%E2%80%93choir-member-pushed-thrashers-new-level|website=[[Revolver (magazine)|Revolver]]|access-date=25 July 2018}}</ref> dan [[Cardinal Sin]].<ref name="Dissection Clones" />
 
==== War metal ====
War metal<ref name="mh112011" /><ref name="wbm" /><ref name="rh304" /> (juga dikenal sebagai war black metal<ref name="wbm" /> atau bestial black metal)<ref name="rh304" /> adalah subgenre yang agresif,<ref name="wbm" /> hiruk-pikuk,<ref name="mh112011" /> dan kacau<ref name="mh112011" /><ref name="wbm" /> dari blackened death metal,<ref>{{cite news|last1=KATEL|first1=JACOB|date=2013|title=Florida's Top Ten Black Metal Bands|newspaper=[[Miami New Times]]}}</ref> dijelaskan oleh jurnalis [[Rock Hard]] Wolf-Rüdiger Mühlmann sebagai "rabid"<ref name="wbm" /> dan "hammering".<ref name="wbm" /> Pengaruh penting termasuk band-band black dan death metal awal, seperti [[Sodom (band)|Sodom]],<ref name="mh112011" /><ref name="wbm" /> [[Possessed]],<ref name="wbm" /> [[Autopsy]],<ref name="wbm" /> [[Sarcófago]],<ref name="mh112011" /><ref name="wbm" /><ref name="rh304" /><ref name=":1" /> dan dua rilisan [[Sepultura]] pertama,<ref name="wbm" /><ref name="rh307" /> serta aksi grindcore seminal seperti [[Repulsion]].<ref name="mh112011" /><ref name="wbm" /> Band-band war metal termasuk [[Blasphemy (grup musik)|Blasphemy]],<ref name="mh112011" /><ref name="wbm" /><ref name="rh307" /> [[Archgoat]],<ref name="wbm" /> [[Impiety]],<ref name="rh307" /> [[Beherit]], [[Crimson Thorn]],<ref>{{cite web|title=A HILL TO DIE UPON - OMENS CD|url=https://boonesoverstock.com/products/a-hill-to-die-upon-omens|access-date=8 August 2018}}</ref> dan [[Bestial Warlust]].<ref>{{cite web|last1=DISTEFANOl|first1=ALEX|title=The 13 Most Satanic Metal Bands|url=http://www.laweekly.com/music/13-most-satanic-metal-bands-8798306|website=[[LA Weekly]]|access-date=8 August 2018}}</ref>
 
=== Blackened grindcore ===
Blackened grindcore adalah genre fusion yang menggabungkan unsur black metal dan [[grindcore]].<ref>{{cite web|date=16 September 2015|title=Converse Rubber Tracks x MetalSucks 2015 Preview: Dendritic Arbor|url=http://www.metalsucks.net/2015/09/16/converse-rubber-tracks-x-metalsucks-2015-preview-dendritic-arbor/|publisher=[[Metal Sucks]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|date=19 October 2015|title=Blackened Grindcore Innovators Dendritic Arbor Announce Fall Tour|url=http://www.metalsucks.net/2015/10/19/blackened-grindcore-innovators-dendritic-arbor-announce-fall-tour/|publisher=[[Metal Sucks]]}}</ref> Band terkenal termasuk [[Anaal Nathrakh]] dan awal [[Rotting Christ]].<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.popmatters.com/170331-rotting-christ-kata-ton-daimona-eaytoy-2495764089.html|title=Rotting Christ: Kata Ton Daimona Eaytoy|date=15 May 2013|magazine=[[Pop Matters]]}}</ref>
Blackened grindcore adalah genre fusion yang menggabungkan unsur black metal dan grindcore. Band terkenal termasuk Anaal Nathrakh dan awal Rotting Christ.
 
=== Blackened thrash metal ===
Blackened thrash metal, juga dikenal sebagai black-thrash,<ref name="blacktrash">{{cite magazine|url=https://www.decibelmagazine.com/2017/12/06/top-black-thrash-albums/|title=Top Ten Black-Thrash Albums by Steve Jansson (Daeva)|date=6 December 2017|magazine=[[Decibel Magazine]]}}</ref> adalah genre fusion yang menggabungkan unsur black metal dan [[thrash metal]].<ref name="blacktrash" /><ref name="loudwire.com">{{cite web|title=The Best Metal Album From 40 Subgenres|url=http://loudwire.com/best-metal-albums-subgenres/#photogallery-1=5|website=[[Loudwire]]}}</ref> Dianggap sebagai salah satu fusi pertama dari [[metal ekstrim]],<ref name="blacktrash" /> itu terinspirasi oleh band-band seperti [[Venom (grup musik)|Venom]], [[Sodom (band)|Sodom]], dan [[Sarcófago]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Nine Metal Bands Leading the Blackened Thrash Attack|url=https://www.daily.bandcamp.com/2017/06/29/black-thrash-bands/amp/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180830110218/https://daily.bandcamp.com/2017/06/29/black-thrash-bands/amp/|archive-date=30 August 2018|access-date=29 August 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref> Band terkenal termasuk [[Aura Noir]],<ref>{{cite web|date=5 April 2018|title=Hear Blackened-Thrash Crew Aura Noir Channel Sepultura on Thundering New Song|url=https://www.revolvermag.com/music/hear-blackened-thrash-crew-aura-noir-channel-sepultura-thundering-new-song}}</ref> [[Witchery]],<ref>{{cite web|date=6 October 2017|title=WITCHERY Releases Video For 'Of Blackened Wing'|url=http://www.blabbermouth.net/news/witchery-releases-video-for-of-blackened-wing/|website=[[Blabbermouth]]|access-date=27 July 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=McIver|first=Joel|date=15 December 2008|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tFDPx8IDKsoC&q=blackened+thrash+metal&pg=PA84|title=The 100 Greatest Metal Guitarists|publisher=Jawbone Press|isbn=9781906002206|via=Google Books}}</ref> [[Black Fast]],<ref>{{cite web|last1=Fixell|first1=Ethan|title=THE UNDERGROUND SOUNDS OF AMERICA: BLACK FAST|url=http://www.kerrang.com/features/the-underground-sounds-of-america-black-fast/|website=[[Kerrang!]]|access-date=24 July 2018}}</ref> Sathanas,<ref>{{Cite web|title=30-Year Blackened Thrash Veterans SATHANAS Bring a Sharp Swagger on "Sacramentum"|url=https://www.metalinjection.net/av/song-premiere/30-year-blackened-thrash-veterans-sathanas-bring-a-sharp-swagger-on-sacramentum/amp}}</ref> dan [[Deströyer 666]].<ref name="loudwire.com" />
Blackened thrash metal, juga dikenal sebagai black-thrash, adalah genre fusion yang menggabungkan unsur black metal dan thrash metal. Dianggap sebagai salah satu fusi pertama dari metal ekstrim, itu terinspirasi oleh band-band seperti Venom, Sodom, dan Sarcófago. Band terkenal termasuk Aura Noir, Witchery, Black Fast, Sathanas, dan Deströyer 666.
 
=== Folk black metal, pagan metal, dan Metal viking ===
{{Main|Pagan metal|Metal viking}}
 
Folk black metal, pagan metal dan Viking metal adalah gaya yang menggabungkan elemen [[Lagu daerah|musik folk]], dengan band pagan metal berfokus pada lirik dan citra pagan,<ref name="Wiederhorn">{{cite journal|last=Wiederhorn|first=Jon|date=April 2009|title=Stairway to Heathen|url=http://www.revolvermag-digital.com/revolver/200904/?pg=61|journal=[[Revolver (magazine)|Revolver]]|pages=60–64|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090512155520/http://www.revolvermag-digital.com/revolver/200904/?pg=61|archive-date=12 May 2009|access-date=11 May 2009|url-status=dead}}</ref> dan band metal Viking memberikan fokus tematik pada [[mitologi Nordik]], [[paganisme Nordik]], dan [[Zaman Viking]], lebih dipengaruhi oleh [[musik rakyat Nordik]].<ref>{{cite web|last=Jonsson|first=Johannes|date=13 November 2011|title=Vardoger – Whitefrozen|url=http://www.metalforjesus.org/albumv.htm#Vardoger|website=Metal For Jesus!|publisher=Johannes Jonsson|access-date=5 August 2015}}</ref> Meskipun tidak berfokus pada Setanisme, penggunaan folklor dan mitologi kuno oleh band masih mengekspresikan pandangan anti-Kristen, dengan folk black metal melakukannya sebagai bagian dari "pemberontakan terhadap status quo", yang berkembang bersamaan dengan kebangkitan folk metal. di Eropa pada 1990-an,<ref name="auto">{{cite book|last=Unger|first=Matthew|date=22 August 2016|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uSHkDAAAQBAJ&q=folk+black+metal&pg=PA34|title=Sound, Symbol, Sociality: The Aesthetic Experience of Extreme Metal Music|publisher=Springer|isbn=9781137478351|via=Google Books}}</ref><ref name="Wiederhorn" /> artis terkenal termasuk [[Negură Bunget]],<ref name="auto" /> [[Windir]],<ref>{{cite book|last=Patterson|first=Dayal|date=25 November 2013|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-kIxCgAAQBAJ&q=folk+black+metal+bands+windir&pg=PA408|title=Black Metal: Evolution of the Cult|publisher=Feral House|isbn=9781936239764|via=Google Books}}</ref> [[Primordial (grup musik)|Primordial]],<ref>{{cite web|title=Irish Metal Legends Primordial's New Album Is a Raw-Edged Epic – Noisey|url=https://noisey.vice.com/amp/en_ca/article/d353bv/irish-metal-legends-primordials-new-album-is-a-raw-edged-epic|website=noisey.vice.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Monger|first=James Christopher|title=Primordial|url=http://www.allmusic.com/artist/primordial-mn0000854587|work=[[AllMusic]]|access-date=3 September 2012}}</ref> [[In the Woods...]],<ref name="halupczok">{{cite journal|last=Halupczok|first=Marc|date=March 2010|title=Waldschrate & Met-Trinker|journal=[[Metal Hammer]]|page=30}}</ref> [[Cruachan]],<ref name="bolther">{{cite web|last=Bolther|first=Giancarlo|title=Rock Impressions – Interviews – Cruachan|url=http://www.rock-impressions.com/cruachan_inter1e.htm|work=rock-impressions.com|access-date=3 September 2012}}</ref> dan [[Bathory]], yang albumnya ''[[Blood Fire Death]]'' (1988) dan ''[[Hammerheart]]'' (1990) asal usul Viking metal dapat ditelusuri.<ref>{{cite web|last=Rivadavia|first=Eduardo|title=Bathory|url=http://www.allmusic.com/artist/bathory-mn0000151787|work=[[AllMusic]]|access-date=3 September 2012}}</ref>
 
=== Industrial black metal ===
Industrial black metal adalah gaya black metal yang menggabungkan unsur-unsur [[Industrial|musik industrial]]. [[Mysticum]], dibentuk pada tahun 1991,<ref>Marty Rytkonen, Mysticum interview, ''Worm Gear'' No. 8, [http://www.fmp666.com/moonlight/mysticum2.html] Access date: 11 January 2009.</ref> adalah yang pertama dari kelompok ini.<ref name="lom">Roel F., Interview with Treachery, ''Lords of Metal'' issue 87, December 2008. [http://www.lordsofmetal.nl/showinterview.php?id=2438&lang=en] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121009095959/http://www.lordsofmetal.nl/showinterview.php?id=2438&lang=en|date=9 October 2012}} Access date: 3 December 2008.</ref> [[Dødheimsgard|DHG]] (Dødheimsgard), [[Thorns]] dari Norwegia dan [[Blut Aus Nord]], N.K.V.D. dan [[Blacklodge]] dari Prancis, telah diakui karena penggabungan elemen-elemen industrinya.<ref>Chris Dick, "Blut Aus Nord", ''Decibel'', December 2006. {{cite web|title=Blut Aus Nord|url=http://www.decibelmagazine.com/upfront/dec2006/blutausnord.aspx|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070205141318/http://www.decibelmagazine.com/upfront/dec2006/blutausnord.aspx|archive-date=5 February 2007|access-date=9 February 2016|url-status=dead}} Access date: 22 July 2008.</ref> Musisi black metal industri lainnya termasuk [[Samael]],<ref>Samael, metal-archives.com, 3 September 2011. [http://www.metal-archives.com/bands/Samael/31] Access date: 10 September 2011.</ref> [[The Axis of Perdition]],<ref>{{cite web|last=Mooring|first=Matt|date=28 March 2005|title=Review of The Axis Of Perdition|url=http://www.metalreview.com/Reviews/1561/The-Axis-Of-Perdition-Deleted-Scenes-From-The-Transition-Hospital.aspx|website=www.metalreview.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120227105037/http://www.metalreview.com/Reviews/1561/The-Axis-Of-Perdition-Deleted-Scenes-From-The-Transition-Hospital.aspx|archive-date=27 February 2012|access-date=25 January 2010|url-status=dead}} Access date: 4 January 2009.</ref> [[Aborym]],<ref>Gothtronic. [http://www.gothtronic.com/?page=23&band=777] Access date: 4 January 2009.</ref> dan [[...And Oceans]].<ref>''Globaldomination'', 26 September 2007. {{cite web|title=Global Domination {{!}} Reviews {{!}} ...And Oceans: A.M.G.O.D.|url=http://www.globaldomination.se/reviews/and-oceans-amgod|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091111013457/http://www.globaldomination.se/reviews/and-oceans-amgod|archive-date=11 November 2009|access-date=25 January 2010|url-status=dead}} Access date: 4 January 2009.</ref> Selain itu, [[The Kovenant]],<ref>Antti J. Ravelin, Nexus Polaris review, Allmusic. Access date: 11 January 2009.</ref> [[Mortiis]] dan [[Ulver]] muncul dari kancah black metal Norwegia, tetapi kemudian memilih untuk bereksperimen dengan musik industri.<ref>Stefanos Zachariadis, Blood Inside review, Metal Invader, 3 May 2005. {{cite web|title=Metal Invader ( Ulver - Blood Inside [featured album]) Review.|url=http://www.metal-invader.com/db/reviews-1914.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927230459/http://www.metal-invader.com/db/reviews-1914.html|archive-date=27 September 2007|access-date=18 June 2007|url-status=dead}} Access date: 9 January 2009.</ref><ref>Mark Hensch, Some Kind of Heroin review, ''Thrashpit''. [http://www.rocknworld.com/thrashpit/reviews/07/Mortiis-SomeKindofHeroinMH.shtml] Access date: 9 January 2009.</ref>
Industrial black metal adalah gaya black metal yang menggabungkan unsur-unsur musik industri. Mysticum, dibentuk pada tahun 1991, adalah yang pertama dari kelompok ini. DHG (Dødheimsgard), Duri dari Norwegia dan Blut Aus Nord, N.K.V.D. dan Blacklodge dari Prancis, telah diakui karena penggabungan elemen-elemen industrinya. Musisi black metal industri lainnya termasuk Samael, The Axis of Perdition, Aborym, dan ...And Oceans. Selain itu, The Kovenant, Mortiis dan Ulver muncul dari kancah black metal Norwegia, tetapi kemudian memilih untuk bereksperimen dengan musik industri.
 
=== Post-black metal ===
Post-black metal adalah [[Hiponim dan hipernim|istilah umum]] untuk genre yang bereksperimen di luar konvensi black metal dan memperluas suaranya, berkembang melewati batas genre.<ref>{{cite web|date=14 May 2019|title=The 10 essential post-black metal albums|url=https://www.loudersound.com/features/the-10-essential-post-black-metal-albums}}</ref> Band terkenal termasuk [[Myrkur]],<ref>{{cite web|date=19 August 2018|title=MYRKUR On Criticism From Black Metal Scene: 'I Respect Passion, Even If It's Against Me'|url=http://www.blabbermouth.net/news/myrkur-on-criticism-from-black-metal-scene-i-respect-passion-even-if-its-against-me/}}</ref> [[Alcest]],<ref>{{cite web|date=25 February 2016|title=My Mom Likes Deafheaven and the Future of Black Metal|url=http://www.metalinjection.net/black-metal-chronicles/black-metal-history-month/my-mom-likes-deafheaven-and-the-future-of-black-metal}}</ref> [[Bosse-de-Nage]],<ref>{{cite web|title=The Best Metal Albums of 2015 – Pitchfork|url=https://pitchfork.com/features/lists-and-guides/9772-the-best-metal-albums-of-2015/|website=pitchfork.com}}</ref> dan Wildernessking.<ref>{{cite web|date=20 January 2016|title=South African Post-Black Metal Enigmas Wildernessking Peer Into the 'Mystical Future'|url=https://noisey.vice.com/en_uk/article/6e48np/wildernessking-interview-album|publisher=[[Noisey Vice]]}}</ref>
Post-black metal adalah istilah umum untuk genre yang bereksperimen di luar konvensi black metal dan memperluas suaranya, berkembang melewati batas genre. Band terkenal termasuk Myrkur, Alcest, Bosse-de-Nage, dan Wildernessking.
 
==== Blackgaze ====
{{Main|Blackgaze}}
 
Blackgaze menggabungkan unsur-unsur black metal dan post-black metal umum seperti drum beat beat dan vokal scream bernada tinggi dengan gaya gitar melodi dan sangat terdistorsi yang biasanya dikaitkan dengan [[Shoegaze|shoegazing]].<ref>{{cite news|last=Peters|first=Mark|date=30 March 2017|title=French rockers Alcest bring blackgaze genre to Hong Kong|url=https://www.scmp.com/magazines/post-magazine/arts-music/article/2082754/french-rockers-alcest-bring-blackgaze-genre-hong|newspaper=[[South China Morning Post]]|access-date=6 October 2017}}</ref><ref name="Translator">{{Cite web|last=Walschots|first=Natalie Zina|date=26 February 2014|title=The Translator Blackgaze|url=http://exclaim.ca/Music/article/translator-blackgaze|access-date=15 April 2016}}</ref> Hal ini terkait dengan band-band seperti [[Deafheaven]],<ref name="Guardian blackgaze article">{{Cite web|last=Howells|first=Tom|date=5 October 2015|title=Blackgaze: meet the bands taking black metal out of the shadows|url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2015/oct/05/blackgaze-bands-fusing-metal-and-shoegaze|website=The Guardian|access-date=5 October 2015}}</ref> [[Alcest]],<ref name="Stereogum Blackgaze Alcest Deafheaven">{{cite web|last=Nelson|first=Michael|date=3 January 2014|title=Deconstructing: Alcest's Shelter And Metal In A Post-Deafheaven World|url=http://www.stereogum.com/1617782/deconstructing-alcests-shelter-and-metal-in-a-post-deafheaven-world/franchises/deconstructing/|website=[[Stereogum]]|access-date=5 October 2015}}</ref> [[Vaura]],<ref name="Translator" /> [[Amesoeurs]],<ref>{{cite web|title=Amesoeurs – ''Amesoeurs'' review|url=http://pitchfork.com/reviews/albums/13063-amesoeurs/|website=[[Pitchfork Media]]|access-date=6 October 2015}}</ref> [[Bosse-de-Nage]],<ref name="Translator" /> [[Oathbreaker]],<ref>{{cite web|title=OATHBREAKER Is Streaming Its Blast-Heavy, Shoegazey New Album Rheia|url=http://www.metalinjection.net/av/full-album-stream/oathbreaker-is-streaming-its-blast-heavy-shoegazey-new-album-rheia|website=Metal Injection|access-date=27 August 2016}}</ref> dan [[Fen]].<ref name="Translator" />
Blackgaze menggabungkan unsur-unsur black metal dan post-black metal umum seperti drum beat beat dan vokal scream bernada tinggi dengan gaya gitar melodi dan sangat terdistorsi yang biasanya dikaitkan dengan shoegazing. Hal ini terkait dengan band-band seperti Deafheaven, Alcest, Vaura, Amesoeurs, Bosse-de-Nage, Oathbreaker, dan Fen.
 
=== Black metal Sosialis Nasional ===