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'''Kinase MAP''' ({{lang-en|mitogen-activated protein kinase; c-Jun N-terminal kinase; Dp38; ERK; ERK1; ERK2; extracellular signal-regulated kinase; JNK; JNK3α1; LeMPK3; MAP kinase; MAP-2 kinase; MAPK; MBP kinase I; MBP kinase II; microtubule-associated protein 2 kinase; microtubule-associated protein kinase; myelin basic protein kinase; p38δ; p38-2; p42 mitogen-activated protein kinase; p42<sup>mapk</sup>; PMK-1; PMK-2; PMK-3; pp42; pp44<sup>mapk</sup>; p44mpk; SAPK; STK26; stress-activated protein kinase; ATP:protein phosphotransferase (MAPKK-activated); MAPK; EC 2.7.11.24}}) adalah [[enzim]] [[protein|peptida]] dari jenis [[kinase protein]] yang teraktivasi sebagai respon selular terhadap berbagai jenis [[hormon]] [[faktor pertumbuhan]],<ref>{{en}} {{cite book|title=Molecular Cell Biology|author=Harvey Lodish, Arnold Berk, S Lawrence Zipursky, Paul Matsudaira, David Baltimore, dan James Darnell|work=|isbn=0-7167-3136-3|edition=4|year=2000|page=MAP Kinase|publisher=W. H. Freeman and Company|url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK21607/def-item/A7634|accessdate=2011-07-08}}</ref> dan mengkatalis reaksi [[fosforilasi]] terhadap jenis protein tertentu pada residu [[serina]]/[[treonina]],<ref name="PM2550926">{{en}}{{cite web
| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2550926 | title = Evidence that pp42, a major tyrosine kinase target protein, is a mitogen-activated serine/threonine protein kinase | accessdate = 2011-07-09 | work = Department of Microbiology, University of Virginia School of Medicine; Rossomando AJ, Payne DM, Weber MJ, Sturgill TW. }}</ref> termasuk [[faktor transkripsi]] yang terdapat pada [[inti sel]],<ref>{{en}} {{cite book|title=Molecular Cell Biology|author=Harvey Lodish, Arnold Berk, S Lawrence Zipursky, Paul Matsudaira, David Baltimore, dan James Darnell|work=|isbn=0-7167-3136-3|edition=4|year=2000|page=Section 20.5 MAP Kinase Pathways|publisher=W. H. Freeman and Company|url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK21529|accessdate=2011-07-08}}</ref> pada jenjang reaksi berikutnya:<ref>{{en}} {{cite web|url=http://www.chem.qmul.ac.uk/iubmb/enzyme/EC2/7/11/24.html|title=EC 2.7.11.24|accessdate=2011-07-08|work=Queen Mary University of London}}</ref> :<math>\mbox{ATP} + \mbox{protein} \rightarrow \mbox{ADP} + \mbox{fosfoprotein} \, </math>
Pada [[fibroblas]], protein ini terlebih dahulu akan mengalami reaksi fosforilasi transien pada residu [[tirosina]] setelah adanya stimulasi [[fibroblas]] oleh berbagai [[mitogen]], seperti ''epidermal growth factor'', ''platelet-derived growth factor'', ''phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate'', [[trombin]], dan ''insulin-like growth factor II''.<ref name="PM2550926" /> Induksi fosforilasi yang terjadi pada MAPK oleh begitu banyak jenis mitogen, membuat kita mengambil [[hipotesa]] bahwa reaksi ini merupakan jenjang reaksi yang penting bagi transisi [[siklus sel|siklus]] [[sel (biologi)|sel]] dari [[fasa]] G<sub>0</sub> menuju fasa G<sub>1</sub>.
== Rujukan ==
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