Nova (sistem operasi): Perbedaan antara revisi

|name = Nova|logo = [[File:Nova-Banner.jpg|170px]]|screenshot = [[File:Nova Linux 4.0 Screenshot (1).png|250px]]|caption = Nova 4.0|developer = [[Universitas Ilmu Komputer]]|family = [[Linux]]|working_state = Active|source_model = [[Open source]]|released = February 2009|latest_release_version = 4.0 (2013)|latest_release_date = March 22, 2013|latest_preview_version = |latest_preview_date = |frequently_updated = |marketing_target = |language = Multilingual|prog_language = |updatemodel = |package_manager = |supported_platforms = [[IA-32]], [[x86-64]]|kernel_type = [[Monolithic kernel|Monolithic]] ([[Linux kernel|Linux]])|userland = |ui = |license = [[GNU GPL]]|preceded_by = |succeeded_by = |website = [http://www.nova.cu www.nova.cu]}}'''Nova''' adalah sebuah [[Distribusi Linux|distribusi linux]] milik [[Kuba]] yang juga disponsori oleh negara tersebut, yang diluncurkan pada bulan Februari 2009.<ref name="reuters">{{cite news |title = Cuba launches own Linux variant to counter U.S.|first = Esteban|last = Israel|url = http://www.reuters.com/article/2009/02/11/us-cuba-software-idUSTRE51A77S20090211|newspaper = [[Reuters]]|date = 11 February 2009|accessdate = 24 May 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title = Cuba crafts extra-communist Linux distro: Down with the Microsoft bourgeoisie|author = Timothy Prickett Morgan|url = http://www.theregister.co.uk/2009/02/12/cuba_does_linux/|newspaper = [[The Register]]|date = 12 February 2009|accessdate = 24 May 2011}}</ref> Sistem operasi ini dikembangkan di [[Havana]] di [[Universitas Ilmu Komputer]] (UCI) oleh para murid dan profesor untuk menyediakan [[FOSS|free/libre/open-source software]] (FLOSS) bagi para pengguna yang tidak berpengalaman dan kepada lembaga-lembaga di Kuba. Meskipun versi awalnya didasarkan pada [[Gentoo Linux|Gentoo]], para pengembangnya beralih ke [[Ubuntu]] sejak versi 2.1<ref name="whoarewe">{{cite web |url = http://www.nova.cu/?q=en/who_are_we|title = Who are we?|date = n.d.|publisher = Nova&nbsp;— Distribución Cubana de GNU/Linux|accessdate = 24 May 2011}}</ref>

Tujuan dari Nova adalah untuk mencapai "kebebasan kedaulatan dan teknologi"<ref name="whoarewe">{{cite web |url = http://www.nova.cu/?q=en/who_are_we|title = Who are we?|date = n.d.|publisher = Nova&nbsp;— Distribución Cubana de GNU/Linux|accessdate = 24 May 2011}}</ref> dan untuk membuat sistem operasi tersebut dipasang pada semua komputer yang terdapat di Kuba, di mana [[Microsoft Windows]] masih merupakan [[sistem operasi]] yang paling banyak digunakan.<ref name="tomshardware">{{cite news |title = Cuba Declares War on Windows: The land of Castro has gone open source|first = Devin|last = Connors|url = http://www.tomshardware.co.uk/Cuba-Linux-Nova-America-Windows,news-30321.html|newspaper = [[Tom's Hardware]]|date = 17 February 2009|accessdate = 24 May 2011}}</ref><ref name="desktoplinux">{{cite news |title = Cuba launches Gentoo Linux distro|first = Eric|last = Brown|url = http://www.desktoplinux.com/news/NS8789697417.html|newspaper = |date = |accessdate = 24 May 2011}}</ref> Sistem operasi ini terpusat pada keinginan pemerintah Kuba untuk mengganti Windows.<ref name="reuters">{{cite news |title = Cuba launches own Linux variant to counter U.S.|first = Esteban|last = Israel|url = http://www.reuters.com/article/2009/02/11/us-cuba-software-idUSTRE51A77S20090211|newspaper = [[Reuters]]|date = 11 February 2009|accessdate = 24 May 2011}}</ref> Hector Rodriguez, Direktur dari UCI, berkata bahwa "pergerakan perangkat lunak gratis lebih dekat dengan ideologi rakyat Kuba, di atas kebebasan dan kedaulatan."<ref name="tomshardware">{{cite news |title = Cuba Declares War on Windows: The land of Castro has gone open source|first = Devin|last = Connors|url = http://www.tomshardware.co.uk/Cuba-Linux-Nova-America-Windows,news-30321.html|newspaper = [[Tom's Hardware]]|date = 17 February 2009|accessdate = 24 May 2011}}</ref> Alasan terkutip lain untuk mengembangkan sistem operasi ini termasuk karena [[embargo Amerika Serikat terhadap Kuba]], yang membuat rakyat Kuba sulit untuk membeli dan memperbarui Windows mereka, dan juga kemungkinan dapat terjadinya masalah keamanan yang ditakuti oleh pemerintah Kuba karena dugaan bahwa [[Pemerintah federal Amerika Serikat|pemerintah Amerika Serikat]] dapat mengakses [[kode sumber]] [[Microsoft]].<ref name="reuters">{{cite news |title = Cuba launches own Linux variant to counter U.S.|first = Esteban|last = Israel|url = http://www.reuters.com/article/2009/02/11/us-cuba-software-idUSTRE51A77S20090211|newspaper = [[Reuters]]|date = 11 February 2009|accessdate = 24 May 2011}}</ref><ref name="desktoplinux">{{cite news |title = Cuba launches Gentoo Linux distro|first = Eric|last = Brown|url = http://www.desktoplinux.com/news/NS8789697417.html|newspaper = |date = |accessdate = 24 May 2011}}</ref>

Kuba berencana untuk membuat Nova sebagai sistem operasi utamanya; setelah penggantiannya selesai, sistem operasi ini akan dipasang pada 90% dari seluruh tempat kerja.<ref>{{cite news |title = Cuba sets to migrate to free, open-source software|author = |url = http://news.xinhuanet.com/english2010/world/2010-12/29/c_13669518.htm|newspaper = [[Xinhua News Agency]]|date = 29 December 1010|accessdate = 24 May 2011}}</ref><ref name="cubastandard">{{cite news |title = Cuba presents Linux-based operating system|author = |url = http://www.cubastandard.com/2011/02/10/cuba-presents-linux-based-operating-system/|newspaper = Cuba Standard|date = 10 February 2011|accessdate = 24 May 2011}}</ref> Pada awal tahun 2011 UCI mengumumkan bahwa mereka akan mengganti lebih dari 8000 komputer kepada sistem operasi barunya.<ref>{{cite web |title = Cuba: 8000 computadoras de la Universidad de Ciencias Informáticas migraran a Nova GNU/Linux|author = |url = http://www.somoslibres.org/modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=4311|publisher = Somos Libres|date = 11 February 2011|accessdate = 24 May 2011|language = Spanish}}</ref> Dimulai tahun 2011, komputer-komputer baru akan dipasang dengan Windows dan Nova.<ref name="cubastandard">{{cite news |title = Cuba presents Linux-based operating system|author = |url = http://www.cubastandard.com/2011/02/10/cuba-presents-linux-based-operating-system/|newspaper = Cuba Standard|date = 10 February 2011|accessdate = 24 May 2011}}</ref>

Versi pertama Nova, yaitu Baire, didasarkan pada [[Gentoo Linux]], sementara Nova 2.1 Edisi Desktop didasarkan pada [[Ubuntu]].<ref name="reuters">{{cite news |title = Cuba launches own Linux variant to counter U.S.|first = Esteban|last = Israel|url = http://www.reuters.com/article/2009/02/11/us-cuba-software-idUSTRE51A77S20090211|newspaper = [[Reuters]]|date = 11 February 2009|accessdate = 24 May 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.nova.cu/?q=productos|title = Productos|date = n.d.|publisher = Nova&nbsp;— Distribución Cubana de GNU/Linux|accessdate = 24 May 2011|language = Spanish}}</ref>Nova Escritorio adalah ''office suite'' milik UCI yang akan menggantikan [[Microsoft Office]].<ref name="cubastandard">{{cite news |title = Cuba presents Linux-based operating system|author = |url = http://www.cubastandard.com/2011/02/10/cuba-presents-linux-based-operating-system/|newspaper = Cuba Standard|date = 10 February 2011|accessdate = 24 May 2011}}</ref>