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Infobox Weapon|is_vehicle=yes
|name=MT-LB
|image=[[
|caption= MT-LB yang Dipajang di salah satu museum
|type= APC
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Dalam bahasa russia disinggkat menjadi '''MT-LB''' ({{lang-ru|'''М'''ногоцелевой '''Т'''ягач '''Л'''егкий '''Б'''ронированный}}, '''M'''nogotselevoy '''T'''yagach '''L'''ekhko '''B'''ronirovannyi / kendaraan ringan multi guna ) adalah salah satu kendaraan tempur yang melengkapi ketangguhan [[Uni Soviet|Sovyet]] diperkenalkan pada awal tahun 1960 dan masih diproduksi sampai saat ini. Blok Barat mengenal MT-LB ini sebagai '''M-1970'''.
== Sejarah ==
Pada tahun 1970, Badan Direktorat Pusat Mobil dan Traktor Ringan Soviet memulai program pengembangan yang mana akan menggantikan nomor seri AT-P pada Traktor Pembawa Artileri nantinya akan dikembangkan berdasarkan fungsi [[ASU-57]] yang dipakai oleh angkatan udara. MT-L dibuat berdasarkan casis tank ampfibi ringan [[PT-76]]. MT-LB adalah variant dari MT-L yang mempunyai lapis baja tebal. Mulai diproduksi awal tahun 1970-an, MT-LB sangat murah pembuatannya, karena menggunakan mesin truk standar yang ada di [[Uni Soviet|Soviet]] pada waktu itu.
== Varian ==
=== Bekas Uni Soviet ===
[[
* '''MT-L'''
** '''MT-LB (izdeliye 6)''' - produksi model awal.
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*** '''AZM "Vostorg-1"''' (''aviatransportabel’naya zemlerojnaya mashina'') - engineer vehicle, equipped with an hydraulic dozer blade and an extendable hydraulic arm with a bucket.
** '''[[MT-LBu]]''' - variant with bigger hull and longer chassis. Many so-called "MT-LB variants" are in fact based on the MT-LBu.
** '''UR-77 "Meteorit"''' - mineclearing system with rocket-launched explosive hose.
** '''[[2S1]]''' 122 mm self-propelled [[howitzer]].
=== Rusia ===
* '''MT-LBM (izdeliye 6M)''' - MT-LB modernization developed by Muromteplovoz in the 1990s. It can be fitted with several different turrets.
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* '''MT-LBVMK''' - a modification of MT-LBVM with "Kord" 12.7 mm machine gun instead of NSVT 12.7 mm.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://muromteplovoz.ru/product/mil_mtlb_vmk.php|title=Транспортер-тягач МТ-ЛБ ВМК|publisher=Muromteplovoz|language=Russian|accessdate=6 February 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://topwar.ru/27009-transportnye-modifikacii-mashiny-mt-lb.html|title=Транспортные модификации машины МТ-ЛБ | trans-title=Transport modifications of the MT-LB vehicle|date=19 April 2013|work=TopWar.ru|language=Russian|accessdate=6 February 2015}}</ref>
=== Bulgaria ===
* '''MT-LB AT-I''' - tractor for mine-laying systems. Fitted with racks for anti-tank mines.
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* '''BMP-30''' - similar chassis as the BMP-23 but with the complete turret of the Soviet-made [[BMP-2]]. Only 10 built.
[[
=== Republik Demokratik Jerman Timur (RDJT) ===
* '''MT-LB (Pi)''' - combat engineer vehicle.<ref>Gau L-R., Plate J., Siegert J. (2001) ''Deutsche Militärfahrzeuge - Bundeswehr und NVA''. Motorbuch Verlag. ISBN 3-613-02152-8</ref>
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* '''MTP-LB''' - technical support vehicle.
[[
=== Irak ===
[[
* '''MT-LBV''' fitted with wider tracks.
* '''MT-LB''' converted into a SPAAG by mounting a ZU-23-2 23 mm twin anti-aircraft gun on the rear part of the vehicle. The gun had its wheels removed and as such can not be easily dismounted and used separately. There were at least two variations of this conversion; one with the ZU-23-2 mounted in an open-topped turret, the other with the ZU-23-2 mounted on a platform extending beyond the hull of the MT-LB with a roof for the gun operators. The second version was most likely intended to be used in a fire support role, as the roof would hinder the gun's sights at high elevation.<ref>{{cite web|author=Jim Webster |url=http://www.jedsite.info/fulltrack-mike/mike/mtlb_series/iq-zu23/iqzu23.html |title=MT-LB [ZU-23 - Iraq] tracked armoured fire support vehicle |publisher=Jedsite.info |date= |accessdate=2013-03-22}}</ref>
=== Polandia ===
Polish [[Huta Stalowa Wola|HSW S.A.]] (Huta Stalowa Wola S.A.) license produced MT-LB since 1976, and it also developed a modified chassis SPG-2, with better floating capabilities.<ref name=poligon>Jerzy Kajetanowicz, ''Prace nad rozwojem sprzętu pancernego w Polsce - przegląd lat 1955-1990'' in: Poligon nr.5/2010, pp.12-18 (in Polish)</ref>
* '''MT-LB-2AP''' - APC variant with a turret from [[OT-64 SKOT|SKOT-2AP]], armed with high elevation 14.5mm KPVT MG and 7.62mm PKT CMG. Prototype only.
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** '''TRI Hors''' - engineering reconnaissance vehicle, built in series from 1983, armed with 12.7mm NSVT AAMG mounted on a turret;<ref name=poligon/>
** '''WPT Mors-II''' - armoured recovery and repair vehicle, produced from 1986, armed with 12.7mm NSVT AAMG mounted on a turret;<ref name=poligon/>
** '''Opal-I''' and '''Opal-II''' - artillery command vehicles, with a turret with NSWT-12.7 Utios: Opal-I with a 245 hp (180 kW) turbocharched diesel engine SW680/167/1, Opal-II with a 300 hp (220 kW) engine SW680T (YaMZ-238N) and a longer chassis with 7 road wheels on each side.<ref name="militarium.net">{{cite web|url=http://www.militarium.net/wojska_ladowe/sopel.php |title=Lekki samobieżny zestaw przeciwlotniczy Sopel/Stalagmit |publisher=Militarium |date= |accessdate=2013-03-22}}</ref> Prototypes only.
{{main|Opal (armoured personnel carrier)}}
** '''BWO-40''' - infantry fighting vehicle with 40 mm Bofors gun. A similar turret was mounted on the BWP-40 ([[BMP-1]] upgrade). Prototype only.
=== Swedia ===
[[
* '''Pbv 401''' (''pansarbandvagn'') - Model Modifikasi MT-LB Milik
** '''Stripbv 4011''' (''stridsledningbandvagn'') - battalion-level command post.
** '''Bgbv 4012''' (''bärgningsbandvagn'') - Swedish designator for the MTP-LB.
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** '''Pvrbbv 452''' (''pansarvärnrobotbandvagn'') - with RBS 56 [[BILL 1 Anti-tank guided weapon]].
== Pengguna ==
[[
=== Masih Menggunakan ===
* {{ARM}} - 145
* {{AZE}} - 393 buah
* {{BAN}} - 40+ masih bertugas. Ada yang telah pensiun. Digunakan sebagai kendaraan pengintai, kendaraan komando, dan pembawa suplai.
* {{BLR}} - 66 buah <ref>{{cite web|author=John Pike |url=http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/belarus/army-equipment.htm |title=Belarus Army Equipment |publisher=Globalsecurity.org |date=2012-09-27 |accessdate=2013-03-22}}</ref>
* {{BUL}} - ada 812 sekitar 500-600 MT-LB hasil buatan lokal
* {{CZE}} - hanya Strela-10 ( versi MT-LB Republik Ceko ).
* {{EST}} - untuk organisasi paramiliter.
* {{FIN}} - 367 MT-LBV (termaksud 147 Pbv 401 yang telah dibeli dari [[Swedia]] awal tahun 2011)<ref name="milfi">{{cite web |url=http://www.puolustusvoimat.fi/portal/puolustusvoimat.fi/!ut/p/c5/xZLLkqJAEEW_pT9AyQLlsUQoEOQhSKGyMXzQCggyjVpSX984ExMzG-3ZjF25vHHzRp5bXMJ1U62v2X59zk7V-sgtuERcmbwoj21Aij9xR2D5DsSSM0VaIHX68rEO6JmbH_xyiwKeYM8cIHOqDcCa6USJiCSYRPwX9wPdD6Uv3HNuAYPVLG9rixUszFnouMC3nqNSV8csKih4pAdnXYVZUTJP3wpukd08PfbQVkGxEWDV4jfvN_mt25U8SzP55_qd011_RuKJ_-etdx0ePBU4b3wqU27JJdKfLSby5G5LNOXN0ABAwEW_mZyaaMb_QOq21To8ZBXkbGe7RUs7PDeXWTTCIHi47fBYaAYZ89gSXNLhieIpalp3ZwRGTY8j4YtM_hsy0QsyfdHWwRrY2kgf464C9Po7x9_Q5_gVffrdt-_YTi1XFwUey8J_ybS5JNuUfbot-9AXEC8LQxmJkjxUeEUacvPNEm5GY1Ed-1fYD1NT7m0PziTxstgvWHbd7uo2pRO3wZUItZuw9EBkSgJZz_x9qtxKLdCq3CzUei-UgVGRs12dT1pkO7HNUsijPF5QYyIttAU5fSwaWhswdw7eip-Fon9NyUUwQwvrDfmQrEKpjfU7DtNjJUhHM-4tL001P1vz8kx3V7Mll3YX7qZ2zsTVnsxXt9ORq0tCyLXG4Zgi-e-h6tsnLz3wug!!/dl3/d3/L2dBISEvZ0FBIS9nQSEh/?pcid=6f5b9080463aa57a9812df97720d955e |title=Puolustusvoimat hankkii miehistönkuljetusajoneuvoja |author= |date=24 March 2011 |work= |publisher=The Finnish Defence Forces |accessdate=24 March 2011}}</ref>
* {{GEO}} - 80 buah{{Citation needed|date=March 2011}}
* {{IRQ}} - 61 [[Angkatan Darat Irak]]. Pada Mei 2012, Pemerintahan Baru Irak menyepakati program peningkatan dan pembelian MT-LB baru ke [[Bulgaria]] melalui[[TEREM]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dnes.bg/politika/2012/05/30/borisov-spazari-nashi-bronirani-mashini-za-irak.160049|title=Борисов спазари наши бронирани машини за Ирак|language=Bulgarian|publisher=Dnes.bg|date=30 May 2012|accessdate=30 May 2012}}</ref>
* {{flag|Negara Islam Irak dan Syam}} - tak ada yang tahu menahu soal jumlah pasti nya.
* {{KAZ}} - 200 buah dan masih aktif{{Citation needed|date=March 2011}}
[[
* {{LTU}} - 10 (dikirim dari [[Polandia]] pada 2000)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.deagel.com/Tracked-Armored-Fighting-Vehicles/MT-LB_a000679001.aspx |title=MT-LB - Contracts, Orders & Sales |publisher=Deagel.com |date= |accessdate=2013-03-22}}</ref>
* {{MDA}} - 62 (MT-LB, SNAR-10, MT-LBu & Shturm-S)
* {{NGA}} - 67{{Citation needed|date=March 2011}}
[[
* {{flag|Negara Federal Novorossiya}} - dipakai saat konflik pecah oleh [[Angkatan Bersenjata Novorossiya|Angkatan Bersenjata nya.]]
* {{POL}} - 352 (Versi lokal bernama Opal).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.militarium.net/wojsko_polskie/uzbrojenie.php |title=Wojsko Polskie - Uzbrojenie |publisher=Militarium |date= |accessdate=2013-03-22}}</ref>
* {{ROM}} - 8 (SNAR-10)<ref>The Military Balance 2010, IISS</ref>
* {{RUS}} - ada 1,493 aktif bertugas, sekitar 5,000 masih digudang. <ref>{{cite web|url=http://warfare.be/db/catid/245/linkid/2311/title/mt-lb/ |title=MT-LB - Russian Military Analysis |publisher=Warfare.be |date= |accessdate=2013-03-22}}</ref>
* {{UKR}} - 2,090 <ref>{{cite web|author=John Pike |url=http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/ukraine/groundforces-equipment.htm |title=Ground Forces Equipment - Ukraine |publisher=Globalsecurity.org |date= |accessdate=2013-03-22}}</ref>
* {{USA}} - digunakan oleh OPFOR untuk menjalankan tugas.<ref>http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/85/TransporterMN-01.jpg</ref>
=== Former Operators ===
* {{Flagicon|Czechoslovakia}} [[Czechoslovakia]] - Passed on to the Czech Republic.
* {{DDR}} - 721 Bulgarian-made MT-LB's, 32 SNAR-10 and 36 Strela-10M. Unified with West Germany.
* {{GER}} - taken from GDR's army, all scrapped or sold to other countries.
* {{HUN}} - Strela-10 and SNAR-10
* {{USSR}} - Di pegang oleh negara penggantinya Rusia.
* {{SWE}} - 460 (di sebut Pbv 401, bekas kepunyaan [[Jerman Timur]], dibeli 1993; pada 2011 dibeli oleh Finlandia dan ada yang dipensiunkan).<ref name="milfi" />
== Lihat Juga ==
* [[BMP-1]]
* [[BMP-2]]
* [[BMP-3]]
* [[BTR-50]] - mirip dengan [[PT-76]] tank ringan
* [[ASU-57]]
== Notes ==
{{Reflist}}
== References ==
* Hull, A.W., Markov, D.R., Zaloga, S.J. (1999) ''Soviet/Russian Armor and Artillery Design Practices 1945 to Present''. Darlington Productions. ISBN 1-892848-01-5.
== External links ==
{{commons|MT-LB}}
* [http://www.hsw.pl/eng/transporteryo.php Huta Stalowa Wola - producer of MT-LB]
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Mt-Lb}}
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