Falafel: Perbedaan antara revisi
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== Sejarah ==
[[Berkas:Falafel Teller (27114820275).jpg|thumb|Falafel]]
Asal muasal falafel tidak diketahui dan kontroversial.<ref name="Slow food">{{cite book|last=Petrini|first=Carlo|title=Slow food : collected thoughts on taste, tradition, and the honest pleasures of food|year=2001|publisher=Chelsea Green Publishing|isbn=978-1-931498-01-2|page=55|accessdate=6 Februari 2011|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KVf94-rwpJ8C&lpg=PP1&dq=Slow%20food:%20collected%20thoughts%20on%20taste,%20tradition,%20and%20the%20honest%20pleasures%20...%20By%20Carlo%20Petrini,%20Benjamin%20Watson&pg=PA55#v=onepage&q&f=false|author2=Watson, Benjamin}}</ref> Sebuah teori umum menyatakan bahwa hidangan tersebut berasal dari [[Mesir]],<ref name=ynet>{{cite news|last=Galili|first=Shooky|title=Falafel fact sheet|url=http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3421119,00.html|accessdate=6 Februari 2011|publisher=Ynet News|date=4 Juli 2007}}</ref> diyakini disantap oleh [[Koptik]] sebagai pengganti daging saat [[Prapaskah]].<ref name=Raviv>{{cite journal|last=Raviv|first=Yael|title=Falafel: A National Icon|journal=Gastronomica|date=1 Agustus 2003|volume=3|issue=3|pages=20–25|doi=10.1525/gfc.2003.3.3.20|jstor=10}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Denker|first=Joel|title=The World on a Plate: A Tour Through the History of America's Ethnic Cuisine|publisher=U of Nebraska Press|year=2003|page=41|url=https://books.google.com/?id=S_x6nrkcoUkC&pg=PA41&dq=falafel&cd=36#v=onepage&q=falafel|isbn=0-8133-4003-9}}</ref> Karena [[Iskandariyah]] adalah kota pelabuhan, hal tersebut memungkinkan hidangan tersebut dan namanya diekspor ke kawasan lainnya di Timur Tengah.<ref>{{cite book|last=Green|first=Aliza|title=Beans|year=2004|publisher=Running Press|isbn=978-0-7624-1931-9|page=76}}</ref> Hidangan tersebut kemudian bermigrasi dari kawasan utara ke [[Levant]], dimana kacang arab diganti kacang fava.<ref name="Kantor">{{cite web|title=A History of the Mideast in the Humble Chickpea|date=10 Juli 2002|author=Kantor, Jodi|url=http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9B0DE3DF1430F933A25754C0A9649C8B63|publisher=''[[The New York Times]]''|accessdate=23 Maret 2008}}</ref><ref name="MacLeod">{{cite news|url=http://www.theage.com.au/world/lebanon-turns-up-the-heat-as-falafels-fly-in-food-fight-20081011-4yqo.html|title= Lebanon turns up the heat as falafels fly in food fight|last=MacLeod|first=Hugh|date=12 Oktober 2008|work=The Age|accessdate=10 Februari 2010}}</ref> Hal tersebut menspekulasikan bahwa sejarahnya bermula pada zaman [[Firaun Mesir]].<ref name="Egyptian food and drink">{{cite book|last=Wilson|first=Hilary|title=Egyptian food and drink|year=1988|publisher=Shire|isbn=978-0-85263-972-6|page=25|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=X0f1IY2M6G8C&lpg=PA25&dq=fava%20beans%20egypt%20national%20food&pg=PA25#v=onepage&q&f=false}}</ref>
[[Berkas:Pita felafel.jpg|thumb|alt=Sebuah pita yang diisi dengan sayur-sayuran dan fritters di sebuah piring|Roti isi falafel]]
=== Timur Tengah ===
=== Amerika Utara ===
[[Berkas:Falafel balls of different sizes.jpg|thumb|Bakso-bakso falafel dari bentuk yang berbeda, yang terbuat dari kacang arab.]]
Di Amerika Utara, sebelum 1970an, falafel hanya ditemukan di restoran-restoran dan kawasan-kawasan Yahudi dan Timur Tengah.<ref name=vegtimes1/><ref name=mouth>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/?id=ze3F_n37NVoC&pg=PA181&dq=falafel+american#v=onepage&q=falafel%20american&f=false|title=Mouth Wide Open: A Cook and His Appetite|author1=Thorne, Matt |author2=Thorne, John |pages=181–187|publisher=Macmillan|year=2007|isbn=978-0-86547-628-8| accessdate=2011-02-23}}</ref><ref name='ocafd'>Charles Perry, "Middle Eastern Influences on American Food" ''in'' Andrew F. Smith, ed., ''The Oxford Companion to American Food and Drink'', ISBN 0-19-530796-8, p. 384</ref><ref name=encmah>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=owZCMZpYamMC&lpg=PA207&dq=falafel%20american&pg=PA207#v=onepage&q=falafel%20american&f=false|title=Encyclopedia of Muslim-American History, Volume 1|publisher=Infobase Publishing|year=2010|page=207|author=Curtis IV, Edward|accessdate=23 Februari 2011|isbn=978-0-8160-7575-1}}</ref> Saat ini, hidangan tersebut merupakan makanan jalanan umum dan populer di beberapa kota Amerika Utara.<ref name=atlanta>{{cite journal|url=https://books.google.com/?id=mA8AAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA194&dq=falafel+american#v=onepage&q=falafel%20american&f=false|work=[[Atlanta Magazine]]|page=194|title=Cuisine of the Month|author=Lenhard, Elizabeth|date=January 2006|accessdate=23 Februari 2011}}</ref><ref name=religion>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ORy2aVD7cEgC&lpg=PA178&dq=falafel%20american&pg=PA178#v=onepage&q=falafel%20american&f=false|title=The World Religions Cookbook|work=Greenwood Publishing|author1=Schmidt, Arno |author2=Fieldhouse, Paul |page=178|year=2007|accessdate=23 Februari 2011|isbn=978-0-313-33504-4}}</ref><ref name=goodhousekeeping>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/?id=2fJK8R_x0j8C&pg=PT387&dq=falafel+american#v=onepage&q=falafel%20american&f=false|title=The Good Housekeeping Cookbook|publisher=Hearst Books|author= Westmoreland, Susan; Editors of Good Housekeeping|year=2004|accessdate=23 Februari 2011|isbn=978-1-58816-398-1}}</ref>
=== Vegetarianisme ===
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