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* [[Edward Shepherd Creasy]], ''History of Ottoman Turks; From the beginning of their empire to the present time,'' London, Richard Bentley (1854); (1878).
* Maurizio Costanza, ''La Mezzaluna sul filo - La riforma ottomana di Mahmûd II'', Marcianum Press, Venezia, 2010
* Nora Lafi, "The Ottoman Municipal Reforms between Old Regime and Modernity: Towards a New Interpretative Paradigm", Istanbul, 2007
http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/14/62/10/PDF/LafiEminonuOttomanReforms.pdf
* LAFI (Nora), [http://www.harmattan.fr/index.asp?navig=catalogue&obj=livre&no=4980 Une ville du Maghreb entre ancien régime et réformes ottomanes]. Genèse des institutions municipales à Tripoli de Barbarie (1795–1911), Paris: L'Harmattan, (2002).
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== Bacaan lanjutan ==
* {{cite book
|last=Gelvin
|first=James L.
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|isbn=978-0-19-532759-5
}}
* Hussain, Ishtiaq. "The Tanzimat: Secular reforms in the Ottoman Empire]", [http://faith-matters.org/resources/publicationsreports/252-the-tanzimat-secular-reforms-in-the-ottoman-empire Faith Matters] 2011
{{Topik Turki}}
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