Tata bahasa Inggris: Perbedaan antara revisi
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'''Tata bahasa Inggris''' adalah sebuah aturan yang menggambarkan struktur ungkapan dalam bahasa Inggris, termasuk di dalamnya struktur kata, frasa, klausa dan kalimat.
Ada beberapa variasi terkait sejarah, sosial, budaya dan daerah bahasa Inggris. Divergensi dari tata bahasa yang dijelaskan di sini terjadi di beberapa dialek dalam bahasa Inggris. Artikel ini menjelaskan secara umum tentang bahasa Inggris standar, seperti ucapan yang ada di
== Fungsi Dasar ==
Baris 38:
Contoh-Contohnya:
* ''a-'' : for ''abide'', ''arise'', ''awake'', lihat ''bide'', ''rise'', ''wake''
* ''[[to be|be]]'' (''am'', ''is'', ''are'') – ''was'', ''were'' – ''been''
* ''be-'' : for ''befall'', ''beset'', etc. see ''fall'', ''set'', etc.
* ''bear'' – ''bore'' – ''borne''
* ''beat'' – ''beat'' – ''beaten''
* ''become'' – ''became'' – ''become''
* ''beget'' – ''begot'' – ''begot(ten)''
* ''begin'' – ''began'' – ''begun''
* ''bend'' – ''bent'' – ''bent''
* ''bet'' – ''bet'' – ''bet'' [past tense dan participle kadangkala ''betted'']
* ''beware'' -
* ''bid'' – ''bid'' – ''bid'' [as in an auction]
* ''bid'' – ''bade/bid'' – ''bidden/bid'' [meaning "request"]
* ''bide'' – ''bided/bode'' – ''bided/bidden'' [but ''abide'' mostly uses the regular forms only]
* ''bind'' – ''bound'' – ''bound''
* ''bite'' – ''bit'' – ''bitten''
* ''bleed'' – ''bled'' – ''bled''
* ''blow'' – ''blew'' – ''blown''
* ''break'' – ''broke'' – ''broken''
* ''breed'' – ''bred'' – ''bred''
* ''bring'' – ''brought'' – ''brought''
* ''build'' – ''built'' – ''built''
* ''burn'' – ''burnt/burned'' – ''burnt/burned''
* ''burst'' – ''burst'' – ''burst''
* ''buy'' – ''bought'' – ''bought''
* ''can'' – ''could'' [defective; see [[#Anomalous cases|anomalous cases]] above]
* ''cast'' – ''cast'' – ''cast'' [prefixed forms ''broadcast'', ''forecast'', etc. sometimes take ''-ed''<ref>For example, ''forecasted'' is acceptable as the past participle and past simple of the verb ''forecast'', especially in some technical meanings. See [http://www.usingenglish.com/reference/irregular-verbs/forecast.html www.usingenglish.com]</ref>]
* ''catch'' – ''caught'' – ''caught''
* ''choose'' – ''chose'' – ''chosen''
* ''clad'' – ''clad/cladded'' – ''clad/cladded'' [''clad'' is also sometimes used as past form of ''clothe'']
* ''cleave'' – ''clove/cleft'' – ''cloven/cleft'' [but regular when meaning "adhere"]
* ''cling'' – ''clung'' – ''clung''
* ''come'' – ''came'' – ''come''
* ''cost'' – ''cost'' – ''cost'' [but regular when meaning "calculate the cost of"]
* ''creep'' – ''crept/creeped'' – ''crept/creeped''
* ''crow'' – ''crowed/crew'' – ''crowed'' [''crew'' normally used only of a cock's crowing]
* ''cut'' – ''cut'' – ''cut''
* ''dare'' – regular except for possible third person singular present ''dare'' (see [[#Anomalous cases|anomalous cases]] above)
* ''deal'' – ''dealt'' – ''dealt''
* ''dig'' – ''dug'' – ''dug''
* ''dive'' – ''dived/dove'' – ''dived'' [the form ''dove'' is chiefly American]
* ''do'' (''does'' {{IPA|/dʌz/}}) – ''did'' – ''done''
* ''drag'' – ''dragged/drug'' – ''dragged/drug'' [the form ''drug'' is chiefly dialectal]
* ''draw'' – ''drew'' – ''drawn''
* ''dream'' – ''dreamed/dreamt'' – ''dreamed/dreamt''
* ''drink'' – ''drank'' – ''drunk''
* ''drive'' – ''drove'' – ''driven''
* ''dwell'' – ''dwelt/dwelled'' – ''dwelt/dwelled''
* ''eat'' – ''ate'' – ''eaten''
* ''fall'' – ''fell'' – ''fallen''
* ''feed'' – ''fed'' – ''fed''
* ''feel'' – ''felt'' – ''felt''
* ''fight'' – ''fought'' – ''fought''
* ''find'' – ''found'' – ''found''
* ''fit'' – ''fit/fitted'' – ''fit/fitted''
* ''flee'' – ''fled'' – ''fled''
* ''fling'' – ''flung'' – ''flung''
* ''fly'' – ''flew'' – ''flown''
* ''for(e)-'' : for ''forgo'', ''foresee'', etc. see ''go'', ''see'', etc.
* ''forbid'' – ''forbade/forbid'' – ''forbidden''
* ''forget'' – ''forgot'' – ''forgotten''
* ''forsake'' – ''forsook'' – ''forsaken''
* ''freeze'' – ''froze'' – ''frozen''
* ''get'' – ''got'' – ''gotten/got'' [past participle ''got'' in [[British English]], ''gotten'' in [[American English|American]], but see ''[[have got]]'']
* ''gild'' – ''gilded/gilt'' – ''gilded/gilt''
* ''give'' – ''gave'' – ''given''
* ''[[go (verb)|go]]'' – ''went'' – ''gone'' [see also ''[[have been]]'']
* ''grind'' – ''ground'' – ''ground''
* ''grow'' – ''grew'' – ''grown''
* ''hang'' – ''hung/hanged'' – ''hung/hanged'' [the form ''hanged'' is more common in the sense of [[execution by hanging|execution]] by hanging]
* ''have'' (''has'') – ''had'' – ''had''
* ''hear'' – ''heard'' – ''heard''
* ''hew'' – ''hewed'' – ''hewn/hewed''
* ''hide'' – ''hid'' – ''hidden''
* ''hit'' – ''hit'' – ''hit''
* ''hoist'' – ''hoist/hoisted'' – ''hoist/hoisted''
* ''hold'' – ''held'' – ''held''
* ''hurt'' – ''hurt'' – ''hurt''
* ''in-'' : for ''inlay'', ''input'', etc. see ''lay'', ''put'', etc.
* ''inter-'' : for ''interlay'', ''interweave'', etc. see ''lay'', ''weave'', etc.
* ''keep'' – ''kept'' – ''kept''
* ''kneel'' – ''knelt/kneeled'' – ''knelt/kneeled''
* ''knit'' – ''knit/knitted'' – ''knit/knitted''
* ''know'' – ''knew'' – ''known''
* ''lay'' – ''laid'' – ''laid''
* ''lead'' – ''led'' – ''led''
* ''lean'' – ''leaned/leant'' – ''leaned/leant''
* ''leap'' – ''leaped/leapt'' – ''leaped/leapt''
* ''learn'' – ''learned/learnt'' – ''learned/learnt''
* ''leave'' – ''left'' – ''left''
* ''lend'' – ''lent'' – ''lent''
* ''let'' – ''let'' – ''let''
* ''lie'' – ''lay'' – ''lain'' [but regular when meaning "tell an untruth"]
* ''light'' – ''lit/lighted'' – ''lit/lighted''
* ''lose'' – ''lost'' – ''lost''
* ''make'' – ''made'' – ''made''
* ''may'' – ''might'' [defective; see [[#Anomalous cases|anomalous cases]] above]
* ''mean'' – ''meant'' – ''meant''
* ''meet'' – ''met'' – ''met''
* ''mis-'' : for ''misspeak'', ''mistake'', etc. see ''speak'', ''take'', etc.
* ''mow'' – ''mowed'' – ''mowed/mown''
* ''must'' – [[defective verb|defective]] [see [[#Anomalous cases|anomalous cases]] above]
* ''need'' – regular except for possible third person singular present ''need'' (see [[#Anomalous cases|anomalous cases]] above)
* ''off-'' : for ''offset'' see ''set'', etc.
* ''ought'' – [[defective verb|defective]] [see [[#Anomalous cases|anomalous cases]] above]
* ''out-'' : for ''outbid'', ''output'', etc. see ''bid'', ''put'', etc.
* ''over-'' : for ''overbid'', ''overdo'', etc. see ''bid'', ''do'', etc.
* ''pay'' – ''paid'' – ''paid'' [but sometimes spelt regularly when meaning "let out" (rope etc.)]
* ''plead'' – ''pleaded/pled'' – ''pleaded/pled''
* ''pre-'' : for ''prepay'', ''preset'', etc. see ''pay'', ''set'', etc.
* ''prove'' – ''proved'' – ''proved/proven''
* ''put'' – ''put'' – ''put''
* ''quit'' – ''quit'' – ''quit''
* ''re-'' : for ''redo'', ''remake'', etc. see ''do'', ''make'', etc.
* ''read'' {{IPA|/riːd/}} – ''read'' {{IPA|/rɛd/}} – ''read'' {{IPA|/rɛd/}}
* ''rend'' – ''rent'' – ''rent''
* ''rid'' – ''rid/ridded'' – ''rid/ridded/ridden''
* ''ride'' – ''rode'' – ''ridden''
* ''ring'' – ''rang'' – ''rung''
* ''rise'' – ''rose'' – ''risen''
* ''run'' – ''ran'' – ''run''
* ''saw'' – ''sawed'' – ''sawn/sawed''
* ''say'' (''says'' {{IPA|/sɛz/}}) – ''said'' – ''said''
* ''see'' – ''saw'' – ''seen''
* ''seek'' – ''sought'' – ''sought''
* ''sell'' – ''sold'' – ''sold''
* ''send'' – ''sent'' – ''sent''
* ''set'' – ''set'' – ''set''
* ''sew'' – ''sewed'' – ''sewn/sewed''
* ''shake'' – ''shook'' – ''shaken''
* ''shall'' – ''should'' [defective; see [[#Anomalous cases|anomalous cases]] above]
* ''shear'' – ''sheared/shore'' – ''shorn/sheared''
* ''shed'' – ''shed'' – ''shed''
* ''shine'' – ''shone/shined'' – ''shone/shined''
* ''shit'' – ''shat/shit/shitted'' – ''shat/shit/shitted''
* ''shoe'' – ''shoed/shod'' – ''shoed/shod''
* ''shoot'' – ''shot'' – ''shot''
* ''show'' – ''showed'' – ''shown/showed''
* ''shrink'' – ''shrank/shrunk'' – ''shrunk''
* ''shut'' – ''shut'' – ''shut''
* ''sing'' – ''sang'' – ''sung''
* ''sink'' – ''sank'' – ''sunk''
* ''sit'' – ''sat'' – ''sat''
* ''slay'' – ''slew/slayed'' – ''slain/slayed''
* ''sleep'' – ''slept'' – ''slept''
* ''slide'' – ''slid'' – ''slid''
* ''sling'' – ''slung'' – ''slung''
* ''slink'' – ''slunk'' – ''slunk''
* ''slit'' – ''slit'' – ''slit''
* ''smell'' – ''smelled/smelt'' – ''smelled/smelt''
* ''smite'' – ''smote'' – ''smitten''
* ''sneak'' – ''sneaked/snuck'' – ''sneaked/snuck'' [''snuck'' is chiefly American, and it is regarded as informal]
* ''sow'' – ''sowed'' – ''sown/sowed''
* ''speak'' – ''spoke'' – ''spoken''
* ''speed'' – ''sped/speeded'' – ''sped/speeded''
* ''spell'' – ''spelled/spelt'' – ''spelled/spelt''
* ''spend'' – ''spent'' – ''spent''
* ''spill'' – ''spilled/spilt'' – ''spilled/spilt''
* ''spin'' – ''spun'' – ''spun''
* ''spit'' – ''spat/spit'' – ''spat/spit'' [the form ''spit'' rather than ''spat'' is common in America]
* ''split'' – ''split'' – ''split''
* ''spoil'' – ''spoiled/spoilt'' – ''spoiled/spoilt''
* ''spread'' – ''spread'' – ''spread''
* ''spring'' – ''sprang/sprung'' – ''sprung''
* ''stand'' – ''stood'' – ''stood''
* ''stave'' – ''staved/stove'' – ''staved/stove''
* ''steal'' – ''stole'' – ''stolen''
* ''stick'' – ''stuck'' – ''stuck''
* ''sting'' – ''stung'' – ''stung''
* ''stink'' – ''stank'' – ''stunk''
* ''strew'' – ''strewed'' – ''strewn/strewed''
* ''stride'' – ''strode'' – ''stridden/strode''
* ''strike'' – ''struck'' – ''struck''
* ''string'' – ''strung'' – ''strung''
* ''strive'' – ''strove/strived'' – ''striven/strived''
* ''swear'' – ''swore'' – ''sworn''
* ''sweat'' – ''sweated/sweat'' – ''sweated/sweat''
* ''sweep'' – ''swept'' – ''swept''
* ''swell'' – ''swelled'' – ''swollen/swelled''
* ''swim'' – ''swam'' – ''swum''
* ''swing'' – ''swung'' – ''swung''
* ''take'' – ''took'' – ''taken''
* ''teach'' – ''taught'' – ''taught''
* ''tear'' – ''tore'' – ''torn''
* ''tell'' – ''told'' – ''told''
* ''think'' – ''thought'' – ''thought''
* ''throw'' – ''threw'' – ''thrown''
* ''thrust'' – ''thrust/thrusted'' – ''thrust/thrusted''
* ''tread'' – ''trod'' – ''trodden/trod''
* ''un-'' : for ''unbend'', ''unweave'', etc. see ''bend'', ''weave'', etc.
* ''under-'' : for ''underlie'', ''undergo'', ''understand'', etc. see ''lie'', ''go'', ''stand'', etc.
* ''up-'' : for ''upset'' see ''set'', etc.
* ''wake'' – ''woke'' – ''woken''
* ''wear'' – ''wore'' – ''worn''
* ''weave'' – ''wove'' – ''woven''
* ''wed'' – ''wed/wedded'' – ''wed/wedded''
* ''weep'' – ''wept'' – ''wept''
* ''wet'' – ''wet/wetted'' – ''wet/wetted''
* ''will'' – ''would'' [defective; see [[#Anomalous cases|anomalous cases]] above]
* ''win'' – ''won'' – ''won''
* ''wind'' – ''wound'' – ''wound'' [but regular in the meanings connected with air and breath]
* ''with-'' : for ''withdraw'', ''withhold'', ''withstand'', see ''draw'', ''hold'', ''stand''
* ''wring'' – ''wrang/wrung'' – ''wrung''
* ''write'' – ''wrote'' – ''written''
==== Modal ====
Baris 322:
{{Bahasa-stub}}
[[Kategori:Tata bahasa]]
[[Kategori:Bahasa Inggris]]
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