Sejarah matematika: Perbedaan antara revisi
Konten dihapus Konten ditambahkan
k Bot: Perubahan kosmetika |
|||
Baris 101:
| pages=43–80
| doi=10.1023/A:1017506118885
}}</ref> Notasi yang dia gunakan sama dengan notasi matematika modern, dan menggunakan aturan-aturan meta, [[transformasi (geometri)|transformasi]], dan [[rekursi]]. [[Pingala]] (kira-kira abad ke-3 sampai abad pertama SM) di dalam risalahnya [[Prosody (puisi)|prosody]] menggunakan alat yang bersesuaian dengan [[sistem bilangan biner]]. Pembahasannya tentang [[kombinatorika]] [[meter (musik)|meter]] bersesuaian dengan versi dasar dari [[teorema binomial]]. Karya Pingala juga berisi gagasan dasar tentang [[bilangan Fibonacci]] (yang disebut ''mātrāmeru'').<ref>Rachel W. Hall. [http://www.sju.edu/~rhall/mathforpoets.pdf Matematika bagi pujangga dan penabuh drum].
''[[Surya Siddhanta]]'' (kira-kira 400) memperkenalkan [[fungsi trigonometri]] [[sinus]], [[kosinus]], dan balikan sinus, dan meletakkan aturan-aturan yang menentukan gerak sejati benda-benda langit, yang bersesuaian dengan posisi mereka sebenarnya di langit.<ref>http://www.westgatehouse.com/cycles.html Exegesis of Hindu Cosmological Time Cycles</ref> Daur waktu kosmologi dijelaskan di dalam tulisan itu, yang merupakan salinan dari karya terdahulu, bersesuaian dengan rata-rata [[tahun siderik]] 365,2563627 hari, yang hanya 1,4 detik lebih panjang daripada nilai modern sebesar 365,25636305 hari. Karya ini diterjemahkan ke dalam [[bahasa Arab]] dan [[bahasa Latin]] pada [[Zaman Pertengahan]].
Baris 112:
== Bacaan lanjutan ==
<div class="references-2column">
* {{cite book
|last = Aaboe
|first = Asger
Baris 123:
* Eves, Howard, ''An Introduction to the History of Mathematics'', Saunders, 1990, ISBN 0-03-029558-0,
* [[Paul Hoffman (science writer)|Hoffman, Paul]], ''The Man Who Loved Only Numbers: The Story of [[Paul Erdős]] and the Search for Mathematical Truth''. New York: Hyperion, 1998 ISBN 0-7868-6362-5.
* {{cite book|first=Ivor|last=Grattan-Guinness|title=Companion Encyclopedia of the History and Philosophy of the Mathematical Sciences|publisher=The Johns Hopkins University Press|year=2003|isbn=0801873975}}
* van der Waerden, B. L., ''Geometry and Algebra in Ancient Civilizations'', Springer, 1983, ISBN 0-387-12159-5.
* O'Connor, John J. and Robertson, Edmund F. ''[http://www-groups.dcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/~history/ The MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive]''. This website contains biographies, timelines and historical articles about mathematical concepts; at the School of Mathematics and Statistics, [[University of St. Andrews]], Scotland. (Or see the [http://www-gap.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Indexes/Hist_Topics_alph.html alphabetical list of history topics].)
* {{cite book|last = Stigler|first = Stephen M.|authorlink = Stephen Stigler|year = 1990|title = The History of Statistics: The Measurement of Uncertainty before 1900|publisher = Belknap Press|isbn = 0-674-40341-X}}
* {{cite book
|last = Bell
|first = E.T.
Baris 134:
|year = 1937
}}
* {{cite book
|last = Gillings
|first = Richard J.
Baris 142:
|year = 1972
}}
* {{cite book
|last = Heath
|first = Sir Thomas
Baris 150:
|isbn = 0-486-24073-8
}}
* {{cite book
|last = Menninger
|first = Karl W.
Baris 161:
* Katz, Victor J. ''A History of Mathematics: An Introduction'', 2nd Edition. [[Addison-Wesley]]: 1998.
* Kline, Morris. ''Mathematical Thought from Ancient to Modern Times''.
* {{Citation
| year=2007
| editor1-last=Katz
Baris 171:
| isbn=0691114854
}}.
* {{Citation
| last1=Plofker
| first1=Kim
Baris 183:
== Pranala luar ==
* [http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/ MacTutor History of Mathematics archive] (John J. O'Connor and Edmund F. Robertson; University of St Andrews, Scotland). An award-winning website containing detailed biographies on many historical and contemporary mathematicians, as well as information on notable curves and various topics in the history of mathematics.
* [http://aleph0.clarku.edu/~djoyce/mathhist/ History of Mathematics Home Page] (David E. Joyce; Clark University). Articles on various topics in the history of mathematics with an extensive bibliography.
* [http://www.maths.tcd.ie/pub/HistMath/ The History of Mathematics] (David R. Wilkins; Trinity College, Dublin). Collections of material on the mathematics between the 17th and 19th century.
* [http://www.math.sfu.ca/histmath/ History of Mathematics] (Simon Fraser University).
* [http://jeff560.tripod.com/mathword.html Earliest Known Uses of Some of the Words of Mathematics] (Jeff Miller). Contains information on the earliest known uses of terms used in mathematics.
* [http://jeff560.tripod.com/mathsym.html Earliest Uses of Various Mathematical Symbols] (Jeff Miller). Contains information on the history of mathematical notations.
* [http://www.economics.soton.ac.uk/staff/aldrich/Mathematical%20Words.htm Mathematical Words: Origins and Sources] (John Aldrich, University of Southampton) Discusses the origins of the modern mathematical word stock.
* [http://www.agnesscott.edu/lriddle/women/women.htm Biographies of Women Mathematicians] (Larry Riddle; Agnes Scott College).
* [http://www.math.buffalo.edu/mad/ Mathematicians of the African Diaspora] (Scott W. Williams; University at Buffalo).
* [http://www.dean.usma.edu/math/people/rickey/hm/ Fred Rickey's History of Mathematics Page]
* [http://astech.library.cornell.edu/ast/math/find/Collected-Works-of-Mathematicians.cfm A Bibliography of Collected Works and Correspondence of Mathematicians] (Steven W. Rockey; Cornell University Library).
* [http://www.mathourism.com Mathourism - Places with a mathematical historic interest]
=== Jurnal ===
Baris 200:
=== Direktori ===
* [http://www.dcs.warwick.ac.uk/bshm/resources.html Links to Web Sites on the History of Mathematics] (The British Society for the History of Mathematics)
* [http://archives.math.utk.edu/topics/history.html History of Mathematics] Math Archives (University of Tennessee, Knoxville)
* [http://mathforum.org/library/topics/history/ History/Biography] The Math Forum (Drexel University)
* [http://www.otterbein.edu/resources/library/libpages/subject/mathhis.htm History of Mathematics] (Courtright Memorial Library).
* [http://homepages.bw.edu/~dcalvis/history.html History of Mathematics Web Sites] (David Calvis; Baldwin-Wallace College)
* {{dmoz|Science/Math/History|History of mathematics}}
* [http://webpages.ull.es/users/jbarrios/hm/ Historia de las Matemáticas] (Universidad de La La guna)
* [http://www.mat.uc.pt/~jaimecs/indexhm.html História da Matemática] (Universidade de Coimbra)
* [http://www.math.ilstu.edu/marshall/ Using History in Math Class]
* [http://www.abc.se/~m9847/matre/history.html Mathematical Resources: History of Mathematics] (Bruno Kevius)
* [http://www.dm.unipi.it/~tucci/index.html History of Mathematics] (Roberta Tucci)
[[Kategori:Wikipediawan yang bergabung bulan Juni 2010]]
| |||