Ekonomi Turki: Perbedaan antara revisi

Konten dihapus Konten ditambahkan
Pierrewee (bicara | kontrib)
Tidak ada ringkasan suntingan
Pierrewee (bicara | kontrib)
Tidak ada ringkasan suntingan
Baris 21:
|gini = {{decreasePositive}} 0,39 (2014)<ref name="wb-gini">{{cite web |url=http://www.turkstat.gov.tr/PreIstatistikTablo.do?istab_id=1601 |title=Gini Coefficient by Equivalised Household Disposable Income |publisher=Turkstat|accessdate=13 Apr 2016}}</ref>
|edbr = ke-69 (2017)<ref name=" World Bank and International Financial Corporation ">{{cite web |url=http://www.doingbusiness.org/data/exploreeconomies/turkey |title=Ease of Doing Business in Turkey |publisher=Doingbusiness.org |accessdate=2017-01-23 }}</ref>
|industries = [[tekstil]], [[pemrosesan makanan]], [[oto]], [[elektronik]], [[pariwisata]], [[pertambangan]] ([[batu bara]], [[kromat]], [[tembaga]], [[boron]]), [[baja]], [[petroleumminyak bumi]], [[konstruksi]], [[lumberperkayuan]], [[kertas]]
|exports = {{Decrease}} $150,1 billion [[Daftar negara berdasarkan ekspor|(ke-28)]] (2016)<ref name=export_import>{{cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2078.html#tu|title=2016 Exports figures of Turkey|publisher=[[CIA World Factbook]]|year=2016|accessdate=2017-01-31}}</ref>
|export-goods = {{Collapsible list|[[apparel]] <br /> [[foodstuff]]s <br />[[textile]]s <br /> [[Metallurgy|metal manufactures]] <br /> [[Transport|transport equipment]] <ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2049.html#tu|title= Exports Products of Turkey |publisher=[[CIA World Factbook]] |accessdate=2013-04-25}}</ref>}}
|export-partners = {{flag|Germany}} 9.3% <br/> {{flag|United Kingdom}} 7.3% <br/> {{flag|Iraq}} 5.9% <br/> {{flag|Italy}} 4.8% <br/> {{flag|United States}} 4.5% <br/> {{flag|France}} 4.1% (2015)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2050.html#tu|title=Exports Partners of Turkey|publisher=[[CIA World Factbook]]|year=2015|accessdate=2016-08-03}}</ref>
|imports = {{decreasePositive}} $197.,8 billion [[List of countries by imports|(22nd)]] (2016)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2087.html#tu|title=2016 Imports figures of Turkey|publisher=[[CIA World Factbook]]|year=206|accessdate=2017-01-31}}</ref>
|import-goods = {{Collapsible list|[[Outline of industrial machinery|machinery]] <br /> [[Chemical substance|chemicals]] <br /> [[Intermediate good|semi-finished goods]] <br /> [[fuel]]s <br /> [[Transport|transport equipment]] <ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2058.html#tu|title= Imports Products of Turkey |publisher=[[CIA World Factbook]] |accessdate=2013-04-25}}</ref>}}
|import-partners = {{flag|China}} 12% <br/> {{flag|Germany}} 10.,3% <br/> {{flag|Russia}} 9.9% <br/> {{flag|United States}} 5.,4% <br/>{{flag|Italy}} 5.,1% (2015)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2061.html#tu|title=Imports Partners of Turkey|publisher=[[CIA World Factbook]]|year=2015|accessdate=2016-08-03}}</ref>
|FDI = {{Increase}} $198.,4 billion [[List of countries by received FDI|(27th)]] <!-- European Union and Hong Kong are subtracted out because they are not countries. --> (31 December 2016)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2198.html#tu|title= 2016 Foreign Direct Investment in Turkey |publisher=[[CIA World Factbook]]|date=31 December 2016|accessdate=2017-01-31}}</ref>
|gross external debt = $410.,4 billion [[List of countries by external debt|(30th)]]<!-- European Union and Hong Kong are subtracted out because they are not countries. --> (31 December 2016)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2079rank.html?countryName=Turkey&countryCode=tu&regionCode=mde&rank=32#tu|title=2016 External Debt of Republic of Turkey|publisher=[[CIA World Factbook]]|date=31 December 2016|accessdate=2017-01-31}}</ref>
|debt = {{decreasePositive}} 30.,4% of GDP (2016)<ref name="EC 2015">{{cite web|title=European Economy 2015, p 133|url=http://ec.europa.eu/economy_finance/publications/european_economy/2015/pdf/ee2_en.pdf|format=PDF|publisher=European Commission | year=2015 |accessdate=22 Feb 2017}}</ref>
|revenue = $225 billionmiliar (2015)<ref name="dunya.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.sabah.com.tr/ekonomi/2014/11/26/2015-butcesi-komisyondan-gecti|title=2015 bütçesi komisyondan geçti|date=26 November 2014|work=Sabah}}</ref>
|expenses = $234 billionmiliar (2015)<ref name="dunya.com"/>
|reserves = {{Increase}} $135.,638 billionmiliar (6 DecemberDesember 2013)<ref>{{cite web|title=Turkish Central Bank reserves to brake a record|date=13 December 2013|publisher=PortTurkey.com|url=http://www.portturkey.com/finance/5791-turkish-central-bank-reserves-to-brake-a-record|accessdate=2013-12-18}}</ref>
|credit =
*[[Standard & Poor's]]:<ref name=Creditratings>{{cite web|url=http://www.standardandpoors.com/ratings/sovereigns/ratings-list/en/us?sectorName=null&subSectorCode=39&filter=T|title= Sovereign credit ratings|publisher=Standard & Poor's|accessdate=29 January 2017}}</ref><br/> BBB (Domestic)<br/>BB+ (Foreign)<br/>BBB(T&C Assessment)<br/>Outlook: Negative<ref name=Creditratings/>