I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings: Perbedaan antara revisi
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{{Italic title}}
'''''I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings''''' adalah judul buku [[autobiografi]] terbitan 1969 karya penulis dan [[penyair]] [[Amerika Serikat]], [[Maya Angelou]]. Buku ini merupakan buku pertama dari tujuh serial, yang mengilustrasikan betapa kuatnya karakter dan kecintaan terhadap [[sastra]] dapat membantu mengatasi trauma dan [[Racism|rasisme]]. Buku ini dimulai ketika Maya berusia tiga tahun beserta kakaknya dikirim ke [[Stamps, Arkansas]], untuk hidup bersama dengan nenek mereka, dan berakhir ketika Maya menjadi seorang ibu, pada usia enam belas tahun. Di sepanjang buku ''Caged Bird'', mentransformasikan dari seorang korban rasisme yang mengalami kerumitan inferioritas menuju seorang perempuan berwibawa, kapabel dalam merespon prasangka-prasangka.<ref name="tate-150">Tate, p. 150</ref><ref name="walker-19">Walker, p. 19</ref>
== Riwayat ==
[[Berkas:Paul_Laurence_Dunbar.jpg|ka|jmpl|The book's title comes from a poem by [[African-American]] poet [[Paul Laurence Dunbar]]. The caged bird, a symbol for the chained [[slave]], is an image Angelou uses throughout all her writings.<ref>Lupton, p. 66.</ref>]]
Sebelum menulis ''I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings'' pada usia empat puluh tahun, Angelou telah melewati beberapa karier, menjalani beberapa pekerjaan antara lain sebagai komposer, penyanyi, aktris, pekerja sosial hak asasi manusia, [[pewarta]], dan pendidik.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.smithsonianmag.com/arts-culture/growing-up-maya-angelou-79582387/?no-ist|title=Growing Up Maya Angelou|date=April 2003|work=Smithsonian Magazine|last1=Moore|first1=Lucinda|accessdate=28 June 2015}}</ref>
Angelou mengalami depresi mendalam dalam beberapa bulan setelah meninggalnya King, sehingga untuk membangkitkan semangatnya, Baldwin mengajaknya makan malam di rumah seorang kartunis, [[Jules Feiffer]] dan istrinya, Judy pada akhir 1968.<ref name="letters">{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2007/01/23/books/23loom.html|title=A Career in Letters, 50 Years and Counting|date=23 January 2007|work=The New York Times|last1=Smith|first1=Dinitia|accessdate=30 June 2015}}</ref>
Angelou segera menuliskan enam autobiografi tambahan, mencakup beberapa pengalaman semasa menginjak dewasa. Buku-buku itu memiliki gaya dan narasi berbeda, tetapi disatukan oleh tema dan cerita-cerita yang membentang sepanjang [[Arkansas]] sampai ke [[Afrika]], dan kembali ke Amerika Serikat, dari awal [[Perang Duna II]] sampai ke saat Martin Luther terbunuh.<ref name="Lupton, p. 1">Lupton, p. 1</ref>
== Catatan kaki ==
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== Rujukan sumber ==
* Angelou, Maya (1969). ''I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings''.
* Arensberg, Liliane K. (1999). "Death as Metaphor for Self". In ''Maya Angelou's I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings: A Casebook'', Joanne M. Braxton, ed. New York: Oxford Press. ISBN 0-19-511606-2
* Baisnée, Valérie (1994). ''Gendered Resistance: The Autobiographies of Simone de Beauvoir, Maya Angelou, Janet Frame and Marguerite Duras''. Amsterdam: Rodopi. ISBN 90-420-0109-7
* Bertolino, James (1996). "Maya Angelou is Three Writers". In ''Modern Critical Interpretations: Maya Angelou's I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings'', Harold
* Bloom, Harold, ed. (2004). ''Maya Angelou's I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings''.
** Bloom, Harold. "Summary and Analysis", pp. 18–51
** Smith, Sidonie Ann. "Angelou's Quest for Self-Acceptance", pp. 52–54
** Braxton, Joanne M. (2004).
* Braxton, Joanne M., ed. (1999). ''Maya Angelou's I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings: A Casebook''. New York: Oxford Press. ISBN 0-19-511606-2
** Braxton, Joanne M. "Symbolic Geography and Psychic Landscapes: A Conversation with Maya Angelou", pp. 3–20
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** Vermillion, Mary. "Reembodying the Self: Representations of Rape in ''Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl'' and ''I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings''", pp. 59–76
** Tate, Claudia (1999). "Maya Angelou: An Interview", pp. 149–158
* Burgher, Mary (1979). "Images of Self and Race in the Autobiographies of Black Women". In ''Sturdy Black Bridges'', Roseann P. Bell, et al., ed.
* Cudjoe, Selwyn (1984). "Maya Angelou and the Autobiographical Statement". In ''Black Women Writers (1950–1980): A Critical Evaluation'', Mari Evans, ed. Garden City, N.Y: Doubleday . ISBN 0-385-17124-2
* Cullinan, Bernice E. & Diane Goetz Person, eds. "Angelou, Maya". In '' The Continuum Encyclopedia of Children's Literature''. Continuum International Publishing Group (2003). ISBN 0-8264-1778-7.
* Foerstel, Herbert N. (2002). ''Banned in the U.S.A.: A Reference Guide to Book Censorship in Schools and Public Libraries''.
* Gillespie, Marcia Ann, Rosa Johnson Butler, and Richard A. Long (2008). ''Maya Angelou: A Glorious Celebration''. New York: Random House. ISBN 978-0-385-51108-7
* Hagen, Lyman B. (1997). ''Heart of a Woman, Mind of a Writer, and Soul of a Poet: A Critical Analysis of the Writings of Maya Angelou''.
* King, Debra Walker (1998). ''Deep Talk: Reading African American Literary Names''. Charlottesville, VA: University Press of Virginia.
* Lauret, Maria (1994). ''Liberating Literature: Feminist Fiction in America''. New York: Routledge. ISBN 0-415-06515-1
* Lupton, Mary Jane (1998). ''Maya Angelou: A Critical Companion''. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press. ISBN 0-313-30325-8
* McPherson, Dolly A. (1990). ''Order out of Chaos: The Autobiographical Works of Maya Angelou''. New York: Peter Lang Publishing. ISBN 0-8204-1139-6
* Walker, Pierre A. (October 1995). "Racial Protest, Identity, Words, and Form in Maya Angelou's I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings".
{{Maya Angelou Literary Works}}
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