Demografi Sri Lanka: Perbedaan antara revisi

| country = Sri Lanka

| image = [[Berkas:Sri-Lanka-demography.png|250px]]

 

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| density = 325/km² <small>(2012 census)</small>

 

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| spoken = [[English language|English]]

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== Latar Belakang ==

{{Historical populations

| align=left|2011 Census{{Efn|name=census12|The official census dates for the 2011 Census was 20 March 2012.}} || 15,250,081 || 74.90% || 2,269,266 || 11.15% || 1,892,638 || 9.30% || 839,504 || 4.12% || 44,130 || 0.22% || 38,293 || 0.19% || colspan=2| || 25,527 || 0.13% || '''20,359,439'''

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== Agama ==

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According to the 2012 census [[Buddhist]]s make up 70.1% of the population, [[Hindu]]s 12.6%, [[Muslim]]s 9.7% and [[Christian]]s 7.6%.<ref name=rel2012/> Most Sinhalese are Buddhist; most Tamils are Hindu; and the Moors and Malays are mostly Muslim. Sizeable minorities of both Sinhalese and Tamils are Christians, most of whom are [[Roman Catholic]]. The [[Burgher people|Burgher]] population is mostly Roman Catholic or [[Presbyterian]]. The [[Veddahs]] have [[Animist]] and Buddhist practices. The [[Constitution of Sri Lanka|1978 constitution]], while assuring [[freedom of religion]], gives "the foremost place" Buddhism.<ref>{{cite web|title=Chapter III - Fundamental Rights|url=http://www.priu.gov.lk/Cons/1978Constitution/Chapter_03_Amd.htm|work=[[Constitution of Sri Lanka]]|publisher=Policy Research & Information Unit, [[Presidential Secretariat]], Sri Lanka}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Chapter II - Buddhism|url=http://www.priu.gov.lk/Cons/1978Constitution/Chapter_02_Amd.html|work=[[Constitution of Sri Lanka]]|publisher=Policy Research & Information Unit, [[Presidential Secretariat]], Sri Lanka}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable" border="1" style="text-align:right; font-size:100%"

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! colspan=2|[[Buddhism in Sri Lanka|Buddhist]]

! colspan=2|[[Hinduism in Sri Lanka|Hindu]]

! colspan=2|[[Islam in Sri Lanka|Muslim]]

! colspan=2|[[Christianity in Sri Lanka|Christian]]

! colspan=2|'''Total'''

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[[Berkas:A road sign in Colombo - Katunayake Expressway, Sri Lanka.jpg|thumbnail|right|150px|A multi-lingual road sign]]

[[Sinhalese language|Sinhala]], an [[Indo-European languages|Indo-European]] language, is the [[first language]] of the Sinhalese. [[Tamil language|Tamil]], a [[Dravidian languages|Dravidian]] language, is the first language of the Tamils. Tamil is also the first language the majority of [[Sri Lankan Moors|Moors]] and the [[Indian Tamils of Sri Lanka|Indian Tamils]] - according to the 2012 census 98% of Moors could speak Tamil but only 59% could speak Sinhala.<ref name=lan2012>{{cite web|title=Census of Population and Housing of Sri Lanka, 2012 - Table A32 :Population aged 10 years and over, by ability to speak, ability to read and write main languages, ethnic group, sex and sector|url=http://www.statistics.gov.lk/PopHouSat/CPH2011/Pages/Activities/Reports/FinalReport/Population/Table%20A32.pdf|publisher=Department of Census & Statistics, Sri Lanka}}</ref>

 

Malays speak [[Sri Lanka Malay]], a [[Creole language]] mixing Sinhala, Tamil and [[Malay language|Malay]]. Many of the Burghers speak [[Sri Lanka Indo-Portuguese language|Sri Lankan Indo-Portuguese]] although its use has declined and the majority now speak Sinhala.<ref name=lan2012/> The Veddahs speak [[Vedda language|Vedda]], a Creole language closely based on Sinhala. Use of [[English language|English]] has declined since independence, but it continues to be spoken by many in the middle and upper middle classes, particularly in [[Colombo]]. According to the 2012 census 24% of the population could speak English.<ref name=lan2012/> The government is seeking to reverse the decline in the use of English, mainly for economic but also for political reasons. According to the constitution Sinhala and Tamil are [[official language]]s whilst English is the link language.<ref>{{cite web|title=Chapter IV - Language|url=http://www.priu.gov.lk/Cons/1978Constitution/Chapter_04_Amd.html|work=[[Constitution of Sri Lanka]]|publisher=Policy Research & Information Unit, [[Presidential Secretariat]], Sri Lanka}}</ref>

 

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! width="80pt"|CBR¹

! width="80pt"|CDR¹

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! style="width:50pt;"| CBR (Total)

! style="width:50pt;"| TFR (Total)

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| align="right" | 2009

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{{Hidden begin

|title= Provisional Estimates (01/07/2013) Because of rounding, totals are not in all cases the sum of the respective components.

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! width="80pt"|Total

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== CIA World Factbook demographic statistics ==

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* Median age - total: 31.1 years; male: 30.1 years; female: 32.2 years (2012 est.)

* Population growth rate - 0.913% (2012 est.)

* Urbanization - urban population: 14% of total population (2010); rate of urbanization: 1.1% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)

* Infant mortality rate - total: 9.47 deaths/1,000 live births; male: 10.44 deaths/1,000 live births; female: 8.45 deaths/1,000 live births

* Life expectancy at birth - total population: 75.94 years; male: 72.43 years; female: 79.59 years (2012 est.)

* Total fertility rate - 2.17 children born/woman (2012 est.)

* Health expenditures - 4% of GDP (2009)

* HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate - less than 0.1% (2009 est.)

* HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS - 2,800 (2009 est.)

* Literacy - definition: age 15 and over can read and write; total population: 91.2%; male: 92.6%; female:90% (2010 census)

 

{{Notelist|2}}

 

{{Reflist|2}}

 

* {{URL|http://www.statistics.gov.lk/|Department of Census and Statistics, Sri Lanka}}

 

 

[[Kategori:Sri Lanka| ]]