Thomas More: Perbedaan antara revisi

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Baris 170:
Pengadilan More dilangsungkan pada tanggal 1 Juli 1535, di hadapan majelis hakim yang termasuk Tuan Kanselir yang baru, [[:en:Thomas Audley, 1st Baron Audley of Walden|Sir Thomas Audley]], serta sejumlah kerabat Anne Boleyn: [[:en:Thomas Boleyn, 1st Earl of Wiltshire|Thomas Boleyn]] ayahnya, [[:en:George Boleyn, 2nd Viscount Rochford|George Boleyn]] adiknya, dan pamannya.
 
More, dengan memanfaatkanmengandalkan preseden hukum dan pepatah "''[[Daftar_frasa_Latin#Q|qui tacet consentire videtur]]''" ("orang yang tetap diam tampaknya menyetujui"<ref>{{en}} {{cite book |title=Thomas More's Trial by Jury: A Procedural and Legal Review with a Collection of Documents |editor1=Henry Ansgar Kelly |editor2=Louis W. Karlin |editor3=Gerard Wegemer |publisher=Boydell & Brewer Ltd |year=2011 |isbn=1843836297 |page=189}}</ref>),
mengerti bahwa ia tidak dapat dinyatakan bersalah selama ia tidak secara eksplisit menyangkal kalau sang raja adalah [[Kepala Tertinggi Gereja Inggris]], dan karenanya ia menolak untuk menjawab semua pertanyaan seputar pendapatnya mengenai persoalan itu.<ref>{{en}} {{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oj67cj8f-rIC&pg=PA22&dq=thomas+more+trial+qui+tacet+consentire+videtur&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjmpo_OvKLVAhVB6oMKHeBWDXUQ6AEIKDAA#v=onepage&q=thomas%20more%20trial%20qui%20tacet%20consentire%20videtur&f=false |title=Thomas More's Trial by Jury: A Procedural and Legal Review with a Collection of Documents |editor1=Henry Ansgar Kelly |editor2=Louis W. Karlin |editor3=Gerard Wegemer |publisher=Boydell & Brewer Ltd |year=2011 |isbn=1843836297 |page=22}}</ref>
 
[[Thomas Cromwell]], ketika itu merupakan orang yang paling berpengaruh di antara para penasihat Henry VIII, mendatangkan Solicitor General [[:en:Richard Rich, 1st Baron Rich|Richard Rich]] untuk bersaksi bahwa di hadapannya More telah menyangkal kalau sang raja adalah kepala Gereja yang sah. More menggambarkan kesaksian tersebut sangat meragukan. Dua orang saksi, [[:en:Richard Southwell (courtier)|Richard Southwell]] dan Mr. Palmer, menyatakanmembantah kalau mereka tidak pernahtelah mendengar rincian percakapan memberatkan yang memberatkandilaporkan Rich itutersebut, sebagaimana ditunjukkan oleh More sendiri:
 
<blockquote> Can it therefore seem likely to your Lordships, that I should in so weighty an Affair as this, act so unadvisedly, as to trust Mr. Rich, a Man I had always so mean an Opinion of, in reference to his Truth and Honesty, … that I should only impart to Mr. Rich the Secrets of my Conscience in respect to the King's Supremacy, the particular Secrets, and only Point about which I have been so long pressed to explain my self? which I never did, nor never would reveal; when the Act was once made, either to the King himself, or any of his Privy Councillors, as is well known to your Honours, who have been sent upon no other account at several times by his Majesty to me in the Tower. I refer it to your Judgments, my Lords, whether this can seem credible to any of your Lordships.<ref>{{en}} {{cite web |url=http://law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/more/moretrialreport.html|title=The Trial of Sir THOMAS MORE Knight, Lord Chancellor of England, for High-Treason in denying; the King's Supremacy, May 7, 1535. the 26th of Henry VIII.}}</ref></blockquote>
Baris 183:
{{wide image|Nb pinacoteca yeames the meeting of sir thomas more with his daughter after his sentence of death.jpg|600px|''Pertemuan Sir Thomas More dengan putrinya setelah ia dijatuhi hukuman mati'', lukisan karya [[William Frederick Yeames]] tahun 1872.}}
 
Eksekusi More dilaksanakan pada tanggal 6 Juli 1535. Ketika ia menapaki tangga ke atas panggung eksekusi, dengan rangkanya yang tampak sedemikian rapuh sehingga terlihat seperti akan runtuh,<ref>{{en}} {{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5U0BAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA798|p=798|title=The comprehensive history of England, from the earliest period to the suppression of the Sepoy revolt|author1-first=Charles|author1-last=MacFarlane|authorlink1=Charles Macfarlane|author2-first=Thomas|author2-last=Thomson|authorlink2=Thomas Napier Thomson|year=1876|publisher=[[Blackie and Son]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hdRLAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA434|p=434|title=Life and Writings of Sir Thomas More: Lord Chancellor of England and Martyr Under Henry VIII|author-first=Thomas Edward|author-last=Bridgett|authorlink=Thomas Edward Bridgett|edition=3|publisher=[[Burns & Oates]]|year=1891}}</ref> More banyak disitir mengatakan humornya kepada salah seorang petugas, "''I pray you, master Lieutenant, see me safe up and [for] my coming down, let me shift for my self''" ("Saya mohon kepadamu, Tuan Letnan, bantu saya naik dengan selamat, dan ketika saya turun, biarkan saya sendiri");<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=o6rFno1ffQoC&pg=PA531&dq=thomas+more++executed+++Lieutenant+see+me+safe&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiI9c2sl6LVAhUp4oMKHdq4CL4Q6AEIKDAA#v=onepage&q=thomas%20more%20%20executed%20%20%20Lieutenant%20see%20me%20safe&f=false |title=The Oxford Dictionary of Quotations |editor=Elizabeth M. Knowles |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=1999 |isbn=0198601735 |page=531}}</ref> dan setelah berada di atas panggung tersebut More menyatakan bahwa ia meninggal dunia sebagai "''the king's good servant, and God's first''" ("hamba raja yang baik, dan terutama sebagai hamba Allah yang baik").<ref>{{en}} {{cite web |url=https://thomasmorestudies.org/quotes.html |title=Famous Quotes |publisher=The Center for Thomas More Studies at The University of Dallas |accessdate=9 October 2017}}</ref><ref>{{en}} {{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AQtmzR9TXncC |title=A Thomas More Source Book |editor1=[[Gerard Wegemer]] |editor2=Stephen W. Smith |publisher=The Catholic University of America Press |year=2004 |isbn=0813213762 |page=357}}</ref><ref>{{en}} {{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JQTKJsDReLEC |title=Liturgy and Empire: Faith in Exile and Political Theology |editor1=[[Scott W. Hahn]] |editor2=David Scott |publisher=Emmaus Road Publishing |year=2009 |isbn=1931018561 |page=73 |quote="I die the king's good servant, but God's first." Footnote 133: "This phrase from Robert Bolt's play 'A Man for All Seasons' ... is an adjustment of More's actual last words: 'I die the king's good servant, and God's first.{{'"}}}}</ref> AlgojoSetelah yangMore akanselesai melaksanakanmendaraskan eksekusi''Miserere'' dikabarkan([[Mazmur meminta51]])<ref>{{en}} maaf{{cite kepadabook More,|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kYGQAgAAQBAJ lalu|title=Liturgy Moreand menciumnyaContemplation danin memberinyaByrd's pengampunan.Gradualia |author=Kerry McCarthy |publisher=Routledge |year=2008 |isbn=1135865647 |page=61}}</ref><ref>{{en}} {{cite book |volume=2 |title=Ecclesiastical Biography, Or, Lives of Eminent Men Connected with the History of Religion in England: From the Commencement of the Reformation to the Revolution, Ecclesiastical Biography, Or, Lives of Eminent Men Connected with the History of Religion in England |location=London |year=1810 |publisher=F.C. and J. Rivington |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_5ppAAAAMAAJ |pagepages=133222-223}}</ref> sambil berlutut, algojo yang akan melaksanakan eksekusi dikabarkan meminta maaf kepada More, lalu More bangkit dengan riang hati, menciumnya, dan memberinya pengampunan.<ref>{{en}} {{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hohZDgAAQBAJ |title=Pedro de Ribadeneyra’s 'Ecclesiastical History of the Schism of the Kingdom of England' |editor=Spencer J. Weinreich |publisher=BRILL |year=2017 |isbn=9004323961 |page=238}}</ref><ref>{{en}} {{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SnxEAAAAcAAJ |volume=IV |title=A Collection of the most remarkable Trials of persons for High-Treason, Murder, Heresy ... |year=1736 |location=London |publisher=T. Read |page=94}}</ref><ref>{{en}} {{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=g6UEAAAAYAAJ |title=The Life and Letters of Sir Thomas More |author=Agnes M. Stewart |publisher=Burns & Oates |year=1876 |page=339}}</ref><ref>{{en}} {{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nx86AAAAcAAJ |title=Sir Thomas More His Life and Times: Illustrated from His Own Writings and from Contemporary Documents |author=W. Jos Walter |location=London |publisher=Charles Dolman |year=1840 |page=353}}</ref>
 
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