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[[en:User:Rochelimit]]
=Seni Timurid=
[[File:Timurid Anthology Zhertva.jpg|thumb|The Angel Hinders the Offering of Isaac, [[Shiraz]] 1410.]]
'''Timurid art''' is a style of art originating during the rule of the [[Timurid Empire]] (1370-1507). Timurid art was noted for its usage of both [[Persian art|Persian]] and [[Chinese art|Chinese]] styles, as well as for taking influence from the art of other civilizations in [[Central Asia]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/timu/hd_timu.htm|title=The Art of the Timurid Period (ca. 1370–1507) {{!}} Essay {{!}} Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History {{!}} The Metropolitan Museum of Art|last=Komaroff|first=Authors: Suzan Yalman, Linda|website=The Met’s Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History|access-date=2017-11-16}}</ref> After the decline of the Timurid Empire, the art of the civilization continued to influence other cultures in [[Western Asia|West]] and Central Asia.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":2" />
== History ==
The Timurid Empire was established by [[Timor the Lame]] in 1370 after the conquest of the various [[Ilkhanate]] successor states. After conquering a city, the Timurids commonly spared the lives of the local artisans and deported them to the Timurid capital of [[Samarkand]]. After the Timurids conquered [[Persia]] in the early 15th century, many of the culture's artistic traits became interwoven with existing [[Mongol art]]. Timor the Lame's conversion to [[Islam]] later in life made Samarkand one of the centers of [[Islamic art]]. In the mid 15th century the empire moved its capital to [[Herat]], which became a focal point for Timurid art. As with Samarkand, Persian artisans and intellectuals soon established Herat as a center for arts and culture. Soon, many of the Timurids adopted [[Persian Culture|Persian culture]] as their own.<ref>B.F. Manz; W.M. Thackston; D.J. Roxburgh; L. Golombek; L. Komaroff; R.E. Darley-Doran (2007). "Timurids". Encyclopedia of Islam, online edition. <q>During the Timurid period, three languages, Persian, Turkish, and Arabic were in use. The major language of the period was Persian, the native language of the Tajik (Persian) component of society and the language of learning acquired by all literate and/or urban Turks. Persian served as the language of administration, history, belles lettres, and poetry.</q></ref>
=== Illustration ===
Timurid art absorbed and improved upon the traditional Persian concept of the "Arts of the Book". The new, Timurid-inflected works of art saw illustrated [[paper]] (as opposed to [[parchment]]) manuscripts produced by the empire's artists. These illustrations were notable for their rich colors and elaborate designs.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.artarena.force9.co.uk/timurid.htm|title=Iransaga - Persian Art, The Timurids|website=www.artarena.force9.co.uk|access-date=2017-11-16}}</ref> Due to the quality of the miniature paintings found in these manuscripts, [[Suzan Yalman]] of the [[Metropolitan Museum of Art]] noted that "the Herat school [of manuscript painting] is often regarded as the [[apogee]] of Persian painting."<ref name=":0" /> Painting was not limited to manuscripts, as many Timurid artists created intricate [[Mural|wall paintings]]. Many of these wall paintings depicted landscapes derived from both Persian and Chinese artistic tradition.<ref>"Timurids" ''The Columbia Encyclopedia'' (Sixth ed.). New York City: [[Columbia University]]. Retrieved 2006-11-08.</ref> While the subject matter of these paintings was borrowed from other cultures, Timurid wall paintings were eventually refined into their own, unique style.<ref>Lentz, W. Thomas. ''Dynastic Imagery in Early Timurid Wall Paintings''. Los Angeles Museum of Art.
URL:https://archnet.org/system/publications/contents/4320/original/DPC0599.pdf?1384784647</ref> Mongol artistic traditions were not entirely phased out, as the highly stylized depiction of human figures seen in 15th century Timurid art is derived from this culture.<ref>Blair, Sheila, and Bloom, Jonathan M., ''The Art and Architecture of Islam, 1250–1800'', Chapter 5, 1995, Yale University Press. Pelican History of Art, [[International Standard Book Number|ISBN]] [[Special%3ABookSources/0300064659|0300064659]].</ref>
=== Metalwork, ceramics, and carving ===
The Timurid Empire also produced quality pieces of metalwork. [[Steel]], [[iron]], [[brass]], and [[bronze]] were commonly used as mediums.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/metalwork|title=METALWORK – Encyclopaedia Iranica|last=electricpulp.com|website=www.iranicaonline.org|language=en|access-date=2017-11-16}}</ref> Timurid silver-[[Inlay|inlaid]] steel is often being cited as being of particularly high quality.<ref>The Caspian Sea Journal ISSN: 1578-7899 Volume 10, Issue 1, Supplement 3 (2016) 127-132 The Compilation of One Object of Timurid Metalwork (12th Century) in the National Museum of Iran with Two Objects in National Museum of Yerevan-Armenia.
URL: http://csjonline.org/CSJ/2016/Supp3/127-132.pdf</ref> Following the collapse of the Timurid Empire, several Iranian and Mesopotamian cultures co-opted Timurid metalwork.<ref name=":1" />
Chinese-style [[Pottery|ceramics]] were produced by Timurid artisans. [[Jade|Jade carving]] also had some presence in Timurid art.<ref name=":0" />
=== Legacy ===
Following the decline of the Timurid Empire in the late 15th century, the [[Ottomans]], [[Safavid dynasty]], and [[Mughal Empire]] co-opted Timurid artistic traditions into their own.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|url=https://www.davidmus.dk/en/collections/islamic/dynasties/timurids-and-turkmen|title=The Timurids and the Turkmen - The David Collection|website=www.davidmus.dk|language=en|access-date=2017-11-16}}</ref><ref name=":0" />
==Gallery==
<gallery>
File:Sword Guard in the Form of Confronted Dragons.jpg|A Timurid carved jade sword hilt.
File:Babur.2.jpg|Timurid-inspired image of [[Babur]].
File:TimuridTankard.jpg|15th century Timurid tankard made in Herat.
</gallery>
== References ==
[[Category:Timurid Empire]]
[[Category:Asian art]]
[[Category:Persian art]]
=Pichangatti=
[[File:Dagger (Pichangatti) with Sheath MET 31.58ab 002june2014.jpg|thumb|right|Pisau belati (''pichangatti'') dengan sarungnya dari abad ke-19.]]
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