USS New Jersey (BB-62): Perbedaan antara revisi

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|Ship caption=USS ''New Jersey'' berlayar pada bulan Januari 1985.

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'''USS ''New Jersey''''' (BB-62; "Big J" atau "Black Dragon"<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.battleshipnewjersey.org/visit/faq.php |title=Battleship New Jersey: Frequently Asked Questions | date = 2014-10-28 | website=Battleship New Jersey |publisher = Battleship New Jersey Museum and Memorial | accessdate =2014-10-27}}</ref>) adalah sebuah kapal perang kelas Iowa, dan kapal kedua Angkatan Laut [[Amerika Serikat]] yang dinamai untuk menghormati negara bagian [[New Jersey]]. New Jersey mendapatkan bintang pertempuran untuk tindakan tempur lebih banyak dari tiga kapal perang kelas Iowa lainnya, dan satu-satunya kapal perang AS memberikan dukungan tembakan selama Perang Vietnam. Selama Perang Dunia II, New Jersey dikupas target di [[Guam]] dan [[Okinawa]], dan disaring kapal induk melakukan razia di Kepulauan Marshall. Selama Perang Korea, dia terlibat dalam serangan atas dan ke bawah pantai Korea Utara, setelah itu ia dinonaktifkan ke Amerika Serikat

This invasion brought on the last great [[sortie]] of the [[Imperial Japanese Navy]]. Its plan for the [[Battle of Leyte Gulf]] included a [[feint]] by a northern force of planeless heavy attack carriers to draw away the battleships, cruisers and fast carriers with which Admiral Halsey was protecting the landings. This was to allow the Japanese Center Force to enter the gulf through [[San Bernardino Strait]]. At the opening of the battle planes from the carriers guarded by ''New Jersey'' struck hard at both the Japanese Southern and Center Forces, sinking a battleship 23 October. The next day Halsey shaped his course north after the decoy force had been spotted. Planes from his carriers sank four of the Japanese carriers, as well as a destroyer and a cruiser, while ''New Jersey'' steamed south at [[flank speed]] to meet the newly developed threat of the Center force. It had been [[Battle off Samar|turned back in a stunning defeat]] when she arrived.<ref name="DANFS"/>

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''New Jersey'' rejoined her fast carriers near San Bernardino 27 October 1944 for strikes on central and southern [[Luzon]]. Two days later, the force came under suicide attack. In a melee of anti-aircraft fire from the ships and combat air patrol, ''New Jersey'' shot down a plane whose pilot maneuvered it into the port gun galleries of {{USS|Intrepid|CV-11|2}}, while machine gun fire from ''Intrepid'' wounded three of ''New Jersey's'' men. During a similar action 25 November three Japanese planes were shot down by the combined fire of the force, part of one flaming onto the flight deck of {{USS|Hancock|CV-19|2}}. ''Intrepid'' was again attacked; she shot down one would-be kamikaze aircraft, but was crashed by another despite hits scored on the attacker by ''New Jersey'' gunners. ''New Jersey'' shot down a plane diving on {{USS|Cabot|CVL-28|2}} and hit another plane which smashed into ''Cabot''{{'}}s port bow.<ref name="DANFS"/>

 

Section 1011 of the [[National Defense Authorization Act]] of 1996 required the United States Navy to reinstate to the Naval Vessel Register two of the ''Iowa''-class battleships that had been struck by the Navy in 1995; these ships were to be maintained in the United States Navy reserve fleets (or "mothball fleet"). The Navy was to ensure that both of the reinstated battleships were in good condition and could be reactivated for use in the Marine Corps' amphibious operations.<ref name="NDAA1996">{{cite web |url=http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/PLAW-104publ106/pdf/PLAW-104publ106.pdf |format=PDF |title=National Defense Authorization Act for fiscal year 1996 (Subtitle B-Naval Vessels and Shipyards) |publisher=National Institute of Standards and Technology|accessdate=2005-05-26 |date=10 February 1996 |page=422}}</ref> Due to {{USS|Iowa|BB-61|2}}'s damaged Turret 2 the Navy selected ''New Jersey'' for placement into the mothball fleet, even though the training mechanisms on ''New Jersey''{{'}}s 16-in guns had been welded down. The cost to fix ''New Jersey'' was considered less than the cost to fix ''Iowa'';<ref name="FAS Iowa"/> as a result, ''New Jersey'' and ''Wisconsin'' were reinstated to the Naval Vessel Register and placed back in the reserve fleet.<ref name="NDAA1996"/>

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''New Jersey'' remained in mothball fleet until the Strom Thurmond National Defense Authorization Act of 1999 passed through the [[United States Congress]] 18 October 1998. Section 1011 required the [[United States Secretary of the Navy]] to list and maintain ''Iowa'' and ''Wisconsin'' on the Naval Vessel Register, while Section 1012 required the Secretary of the Navy to strike ''New Jersey'' from the Naval Vessel Register and transfer the battleship to a not-for-profit entity in accordance with section 7306 of [[Title 10 of the United States Code|Title 10, United States Code]]. Section 1012 also required the transferee to locate the battleship in the [[New Jersey|State of New Jersey]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.dod.mil/dodgc/olc/docs/1999NDAA.pdf |format=PDF |title=Strom Thurmond National Defense Authorization Act of 1999 (Subtitle B-Naval Vessels and Shipyards) |accessdate=2007-03-12 |publisher=105th Congress, United States Senate and House of Representatives |pages=200–201}}</ref> The Navy made the switch in January 1999, and on 12 September, ''New Jersey'' was towed by the tug ''Sea Victory'' from Bremerton, Washington to [[Philadelphia]], for restoration work in the Philadelphia Naval Shipyard in advance of her planned donation for use as a museum.<ref name="showboat">{{cite web |url=http://www.battleshipnewjersey.org/history/milestone_dates.php |title=Battleship New Jersey |publisher=Battleship New Jersey Museum and Memorial|accessdate=2005-05-26}}</ref>