Orang Vietnam Amerika: Perbedaan antara revisi

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== Kebudayaan ==
[[File:Tet Festival Little Saigon.jpg|thumb|alt=Red-and-white arch, with greeting in Vietnamese|Perayaan<i lang="vi" xml:lang="vi">{{lang|vi|Tết}}</i> Festival(tahun inbaru Vietnam) di Little Saigon, Orange County, negara bagian California.]]Kebudayaan Vietnam sangat dipengaruhi budaya Tionghoa. Meskipun sudah berasimilasi dengan budaya-budaya yang terdapat di Amerika Serikat, orang Vietnam-Amerika tetap mempertahankan akar kebudayaannya. Keluarga Vietnam-Amerika di Amerika Serikat tetap menuturkan [[bahasa Vietnam]] dalam lingkungan keluarga dan antar sesama komunitas Vietnam-Amerika, hal ini dilakukan agar tetap mempertahankan kemampuan berbahasa Vietnam terutama bagi anak-anak.<ref name="Gale" />
While adapting to a new country, Vietnamese Americans have tried to preserve their traditional culture by teaching their children the [[Vietnamese language]], wearing traditional dress (''{{lang|vi|[[áo dài]]}}'') for special occasions and showcasing their cuisine in restaurants throughout the country. Family loyalty is the most important Vietnamese cultural characteristic, and more than two generations traditionally lived under one roof. The Vietnamese view a family as including maternal and paternal grandparents, uncles, aunts and cousins. In adapting to American culture, most Vietnamese American families have adopted the [[Nuclear family|nuclear]] pattern while trying to maintain close ties with their extended families.<ref name=Gale />
 
Pada acara-acara tertentu orang Vietnam-Amerika akan mengenkan pakaian tradisional, seperti pakaian ''[[áo dài]]'' bagi kaum perempuan. Umumnya pakaian tradisional ini dikenakan saat perayaan ''Tết'' dan perayaan [[Tahun Baru Imlek|tahun baru Imlek]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.seattleglobalist.com/2017/05/08/bringing-ao-dai-to-america/64112|title=Bringing ao dai to America|date=2017-05-08|newspaper=The Seattle Globalist|language=en-US|access-date=2017-12-13}}</ref> Di Amerika Serikat mulai dijual boneka yang mengenakan pakaian ''[[áo dài]].''<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.adoptvietnam.org/shop/AZ-aodai-americangirldoll.htm|title=Vietnamese Ao Dai Dress for American Girl Doll|website=www.adoptvietnam.org|access-date=2017-12-13}}</ref>
Vietnamese family culture is reflected in veneration of the dead. On the [[Death anniversary#Vietnam|anniversary of an ancestor's death]] (''{{lang|vi|ngày giỗ}}''), relatives gather for a festive meal and to share stories about the person's children, works or community.<ref name=AsianAmerica /> In a typical Vietnamese family, parents see themselves with a vital role in their children's lives; according to a survey, 71 percent of Vietnamese-American parents said that being a good parent is one of the most important things in their lives.<ref name="pew">{{cite web|title=Vietnamese American|url=http://www.pewsocialtrends.org/asianamericans-graphics/vietnamese/|publisher=PewResearch Social & Demographic Trends|accessdate=2 December 2014}}</ref> Generations of Vietnamese were taught to help their families without question, and many Vietnamese Americans send American goods and money and sponsor relatives' trips or immigration to the U.S. In 2013, remittances sent to Vietnam via formal channels totaled $11 billion, a tenfold increase from the late 1990s.<ref name=migrationpolicy />
 
[[File:Vietcommunity rose festival 02.jpg|thumb|left|alt="Freedom Bird" parade float, ridden by women and children|Vietnamese community float at the [[Portland Rose Festival]] parade]]
Vietnamese Americans observe holidays based on their [[Vietnamese calendar|lunisolar calendar]], with {{lang|vi|[[Tết|Tết Nguyên Đán]]}} (commonly known as {{lang|vi|Tết}}) the most important. Falling in late January or early February, {{lang|vi|Tết}} marks the lunar new year. Although the full holiday lasts for seven days, the first three days are celebrated with visits to relatives, teachers and friends. For {{lang|vi|Tết}}, the Vietnamese commemorate their ancestors with memorial feasts (including traditional foods such as square and round sticky-rice cakes: ''{{lang|vi|[[bánh chưng]]}}'' and ''{{lang|vi|[[bánh giầy]]}}'') and visits to their ancestors' graves.<ref name=AsianAmerica /><ref name=Gale /><ref name=AmeCulture /> For Vietnamese Americans, the celebration of {{lang|vi|Tết}} is simpler. In California, Texas and other states with substantial Vietnamese communities, Vietnamese Americans celebrate {{lang|vi|Tết}} by visiting their relatives and friends, watching community-sponsored dragon dances and visiting temples or churches.<ref name=Gale /><ref name=AmeCulture />
 
{{lang|vi|[[Ghost Festival|Tết Trung Nguyên]]}} (Wandering Souls' Day, on the 15th day of the seventh lunar month) and {{lang|vi|[[Mid-Autumn Festival|Tết Trung Thu]]}} (Children's Day or the Mid-Autumn Festival, on the 15th day of the eighth lunar month) are also celebrated by many Vietnamese Americans. For {{lang|vi|Tết Trung Nguyên}}, food, money and clothes made of special paper are prepared to worship the wandering souls of ancestors. Along with {{lang|vi|Tết Nguyên Đán}}, {{lang|vi|Tết Trung Thu}} is a favorite children's holiday; children holding colorful lanterns form a procession and follow a parade of lion dances and drums.<ref name=AsianAmerica /><ref name=Gale /><ref name=AmeCulture />
 
Masakan Vietnam di Amerika Serikat cukup populer dibeberapa tempat di Amerika Serikat. Terdapat banyak rumah makan Vietnam di Amerika Serikat. Menu yang umumnya selalu ada di setiap rumah makan Vietnam di Amerika Serikat adalah [[Phở|''Phở'']], mi dengan siraman kuah kaldu dengan potongan daging dan berbagai macam sayuran khas Vietnam. [[Phở|''Phở'']] adalah makanan tradisional Vietnam yang berasal darikota [[Hanoi]] di [[Vietnam Utara]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.lovingpho.com/pho-opinion-editorial/pho-sweeping-usa-north-america-since-1975/|title=Pho in the U.S.: Sweeping North America Since 1975|newspaper=LovingPho.com|language=en-US|access-date=2017-12-13}}</ref>Perayaan ''Tết Nguyên Đán'' atau ''Tết'' (tahun baru Vietnam) juga dirayakan di beberapa tempat di Amerika Serikat yang memiliki komunitas orang Vietnam-Amerika yang relatif banyak. Di daerah [[Little Saigon]], [[Orange County, California|Orange County]], negara bagian California diadakan sebuah festival tahunan untuk merayakan ''Tết''.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nguoi-viet.com/little-saigon/hon-tet-o-little-saigon/|title=Hồn Tết ở Little Saigon|date=2017-01-17|newspaper=Nguoi Viet Online|language=en-US|access-date=2017-12-13}}</ref>
 
== Tokoh Vietnam-Amerika ==