Ultra: Perbedaan antara revisi

'''Ultra''' adalah sebuah rancangan yang diadopsi oleh [[intelijensi militer]] [[Britania Raya]] pada Juni 1941 untuk [[intelijensi sinyal]] masa perang yang dilakukan dengan membongkar komunikasi [[radio]] dan [[teleprinter]] musuh ter[[enkripsi]] secara tingkat tinggi di [[Government Communications Headquarters#Government Code and Cypher School (GC&CS)|Government Code and Cypher School (GC&CS)]], [[Bletchley Park]].{{sfn|Hinsley|Stripp|1993|p=xx}} ''Ultra'' kemudian menjadi rancangan standar di kalangan [[Sekutu Perang Dunia II|Sekutu]] barat untuk seluruh intelijensi semacam itu.

 

* {{citation | last = Bamford | first = James | author-link = James Bamford | title = [[Body of Secrets]] | publisher = Doubleday | isbn=0-385-49907-8 | year=2001}}

* {{citation | last = Bennett | first = Ralph | title = Behind the Battle: Intelligence in the War with Germany | place = London | publisher = Random House | origyear = 1994 | year = 1999 | edition = Pimlico: New and Enlarged | isbn = 0-7126-6521-8 }}

* {{citation | last = Copeland | first = Jack | author-link = Jack Copeland | year = 2004 | contribution = Enigma | editor-last = Copeland | editor-first = B. Jack | editor-link = Jack Copeland | title = The Essential Turing: Seminal Writings in Computing, Logic, Philosophy, Artificial Intelligence, and Artificial Life ''plus'' The Secrets of Enigma | publication-place = Oxford | publisher = Oxford University Press | isbn = 0-19-825080-0 }}

* {{citation | last = Farago | first = Ladislas | author-link = Ladislas Farago | title = The game of the foxes: British and German intelligence operations and personalities which changed the course of the Second World War | publisher = Pan Books | origyear = 1971 | year = 1974 | isbn = 978-0-330-23446-7 }} Has been criticised for inaccuracy and exaggeration

* {{citation | last = Ferris | first = John Robert | title = Intelligence and strategy: selected essays | publisher = Routledge | year = 2005 | edition = illustrated | isbn = 978-0-415-36194-1 }}

* {{citation | last = Gannon | first = Paul | author-link = James Gannon | title = Colossus: Bletchley Park's Greatest Secret | year = 2006 | publisher = Atlantic Books | location = London | isbn = 978-1-84354-331-2 }}

* {{citation | last = Lewin |first = Ronald | author-link = Ronald Lewin | title = Ultra goes to War | origyear = 1978 | year = 2001 | edition = Penguin Classic Military History | isbn = 978-0-14-139042-0 | publisher = Penguin Group | location = London }} Focuses on the battle-field exploitation of Ultra material.

* {{citation | last = Mallmann-Showell | first = J.P. | title = German Naval Code Breakers | publisher = Ian Allan Publishing | year = 2003 | isbn = 0-7110-2888-5 | location = Hersham, Surrey | oclc=181448256 }}

* {{citation | last = Pidgeon | first = Geoffrey | title = The Secret Wireless War: The Story of MI6 Communications 1939–1945 | publisher = UPSO Ltd |location=St Leonards-on-Sea, East Sussex | year = 2003 | isbn = 1-84375-252-2 | oclc = 56715513 }}

* [[Marian Rejewski|Rejewski, Marian]], wrote a number of papers on his 1932 break into Enigma and his subsequent work on the cipher, well into World War II, with his fellow mathematician-cryptologists, [[Jerzy Różycki]] and [[Henryk Zygalski]]. Most of Rejewski's papers appear in {{Harvnb|Kozaczuk|1984}}

* {{citation | last = West | first = Nigel | author-link = Rupert Allason | title = GCHQ: The Secret Wireless War, 1900–86 | place = London | publisher = Weidenfeld and Nicolson | year = 1986 | isbn = 978-0-297-78717-4 }}

* {{citation | last = Wilkinson | first = Patrick | year = 1993 | contribution = Italian naval ciphers | editor-last = Hinsley | editor-first = F.H. | editor-link = Harry Hinsley | editor2-last = Stripp | editor2-first = Alan | title = Codebreakers: The inside story of Bletchley Park | publication-place = Oxford | publisher = Oxford University Press | isbn = 978-0-19-280132-6 }}