Pemblokiran Youtube: Perbedaan antara revisi

'''[[YouTube]]''', situs yang paling banyak dikunjungi kedua (menurut [[Alexa Internet]]), telah '''disensor''' beberapa kali di beberapa negara karena berbagai alasan. Negara-negara yang memblokir YouTube adalah: [[Arab Saudi]], [[Armenia]], [[Brasil]], [[Indonesia]], [[Iran]], [[Maroko]], [[Pakistan]], [[Republik Rakyat Tiongkok]], [[Suriah]], [[Thailand]], [[Turki]] dan [[Uni Emirat Arab]].

 

YouTube dapat diakses di [[Arab Saudi]], tetapi halaman untuk mengkonfirmasi tanggal kelahiran pengguna diblokir, mencegah pengguna di Arab Saudi melihat halaman yang dinyatakan untuk dewasa di Youtube.

 

Karena [[Armenia]] menyatakan [[keadaan darurat]] sebagai hasil dari [[protes pemilihan presiden Armenia 2008]]<ref>[http://hragvartanian.com/2008/03/09/why-is-youtube-blocked-in-armenia/ Why is YouTube blocked in Armenia?] - Hrag Vartinian</ref>, YouTube telah diblokir di [[Armenia]] sejak [[2 Maret]] [[2008]]. Dibawah keadaan darurat, tidak ada media yang diperbolehkan menyiarkan kecuali berita resmi<ref>[http://blogoscoped.com/archive/2008-03-10-n27.html YouTube Blocked in Armenia?] - by Philip Lenssen, ''Google Blogoscoped''</ref>.

 

YouTube dituntut oleh model [[Brazil]] dan [[VJ]] [[MTV Brasil|MTV]], [[Daniela Cicarelli]] (lebih terkenal sebagai bekas tunangan [[Ronaldo]]) bahwa situs ini menyediakan video yang dibuat oleh [[paparazzi]]. Video tersebut menampilkannya bersama pacarnya melakukan hubungan seksual di pantai [[Spanyol]]. Tuntutan meminta agar semua video itu dihapus, jika tidak, YouTube akan diblokir di [[Brasil]]. Pada Sabtu, [[6 Januari]] [[2007]], perintah legal memerintahkan agar penyaring diletakan untuk mencegah pengguna di Brasil mengakses situs tersebut.<ref>http://www.totalsecurity.com.br/article.php?sid=2768&order=0</ref><ref>[http://www.radiofandango.com.br/archive/valor.php?noticia=3720 Radio Fandango - Cachoeira do sul - À VOZ DA CIDADE<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>

 

Pengukuran keefektifan dipertanyakan karena video itu tidak hanya ada di YouTube, tetapi juga di situs lain sebagai bagian dari [[fenomena Internet]]. Pada Selasa, [[9 Januari]] [[2007]]. Pengadilan yang sama berbalik dari pilihan mereka sebelumnya, meminta penyaring dihapus. Setelah pelarangan YouTube di Brasil, terdapat situs [http://www.brtube.com brtube.com] sebagai pengganti YouTube di Brasil.

 

Pada [[3 Desember]] [[2006]], [[Iran]] memblokir YouTube, bersama dengan beberapa situs, setelah menyebutnya "amoral". Pelarangan YouTube dilakukan setelah video mengenai bintang sinetron Iran melakukan hubungan sex dimasukan di YouTube.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/iran/story/0,,1963166,00.html|title=Censorship fears rise as Iran blocks access to top websites|date=[[November 4]], [[2006]]|accessdate = 2006-12-17}}</ref> Beberapa sumber mengklaim bahwa pemblokiran ini disebabkan oleh film yang mengagungkan [[MKO]] (grup perlawanan Iran utama melawan Rezim Islam Fundamentalis).

 

Pada 25 Mei 2007, [[Maroc Telecom]] milik negara memblokir semua akses ke YouTube.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.globalvoicesonline.org/2007/05/26/morocco-blocks-access-to-youtube/ |title=''Morocco blocks access to YouTube'' |accessdate=2007-05-27 |format= |work=globalvoicesonline.org }}</ref> Tidak terdapat alasan yang diberikan mengapa YouTube diblokir, tetapi terdapat spekulasi bahwa hal tersebut memiliki hubungan dengan grup separatis [[Polisario]] atau terdapat film yang mengkritik raja [[Mohammed VI]]. YouTube dapat diakses kembali pada 30 Mei 2007.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.rsf.org/article.php3?id_article=22322 |title=''YouTube again accessible via Maroc Telecom'' |accessdate=2007-05-30 |format= |work=rsf.org }}</ref>

 

Sebagai bagian dari program pensesoran [[Golden Shield]], YouTube diblokir di Republik Rakyat Tiongkok sejak [[15 Oktober]] [[2007]]<ref>Schwankert, Steven. [http://www.infoworld.com/article/07/10/18/YouTube-blocked-in-China_1.html "YouTube blocked in China; Flickr, Blogspot restored"], IDG News, October 18, 2007. Retrieved on March 3, 2008</ref>.

 

YouTube kini diblokir di [[Suriah]].

 

Selama satu minggu [[8 Maret]] [[2007]], YouTube diblokir di [[Thailand]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.2bangkok.com/blockedyoutube.shtml|title=YouTube seems blocked in Thailand 2bangkok.com|date=[[March 10]], [[2007]]|accessdate = 2007-03-10}}</ref> Banyak pengguna blog mempercayai bahwa alasan pemblokiran adalah video pidato mantan Perdana Menteri [[Thaksin Shinawatra]] dalam [[CNN]]. Pemerintah Thailand tidak mengkonfirmasi alasan pemblokiran, tetapi YouTube dapat diakses kembali pada [[10 Maret]] [[2007]].

 

Pada 21 September 2007, Thailand mengumumkan mereka meminta perintah pengadilan untuk memblokir video yang muncul di YouTube menuduh Prem Tinsulanonda mencoba memanipulasi tahta kerajaan untuk menjadikannya Raja Thailand.<ref>{{cite news | first= | last= | coauthors= | title=BDSI seeks to block YouTube videos | date=[[2007-09-22]] | publisher= | url =http://www.bangkokpost.com/breaking_news/breakingnews.php?id=121896 | work =[[Bangkok Post]] | pages = | accessdate = | language = }}</ref>

 

[[Berkas:Banning of youtube in Turkey.jpg|thumb|left|200px|YouTube diblokir di [[Turki]].]]

[[Turkey]] blocked YouTube on [[March 6]] [[2007]] for letting videos insulting Turks and [[Mustafa Kemal Atatürk|Atatürk]], the founder of modern Turkey, to be shown, in an escalation of what some call a "virtual war" between [[Greeks]], [[Armenians]], [[Kurds]] and Turks on YouTube, with people from each side posting videos to berate the other.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/turkey/story/0,,2028543,00.html|title=Turkey pulls plug on YouTube over Ataturk 'insults'|date=[[March 7]], [[2007]]|accessdate = 2007-03-07}}</ref> The video was first mentioned on [[CNN Türk]] and the [[İstanbul]] public prosecutor sued YouTube for insulting Turkishness.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.variety.com/article/VR1117960760.html?categoryid=1009&cs=1|title=Turkey bans YouTube|date=[[March 8]], [[2007]]|accessdate = 2007-03-10}}</ref> The court suspended access to YouTube pending removal of the video. The ban was strongly criticized as censorship in the press and by the general public. YouTube lawyers sent documentary of removal to public prosecutor and access was restored on [[March 9]] [[2007]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.theage.com.au/news/Technology/Turkey-revokes-YouTube-ban/2007/03/10/1173167025391.html|title=Turkey revokes YouTube ban|date=[[March 9]], [[2007]]|accessdate = 2007-03-09}}</ref>

Access to YouTube was recently blocked in Turkey from [[March 19]] to [[March 27]], 2008 as per a decision by Ankara court because of another video insulting Atatürk.

 

The [[UAE]]'s telecom regulatory authority has blocked YouTube, with the [[Etisalat]] ISP in the UAE citing "presence of adult content on the website which is clearly against the religious, cultural, political and moral values of the UAE". The site is now open but still the users cannot access YouTube user pages.<ref>Wade, Matthew. [http://www.itp.net/index.php?view=article&id=487313&Itemid=1&option=com_content YouTube block remains]. ITP.net: August 17, 2006.</ref>

 

YouTube was blocked in [[Pakistan]] following a decision taken by the [[Pakistan Telecommunication Authority]] on [[February 22]] [[2007]] because of the number of "non-Islamic objectionable videos".<ref>[http://www.rsf.org/article.php3?id_article=25889 "Access to YouTube blocked until further notice because of "non-Islamic" videos"], at [[Reporters Without Borders]].</ref> One report specifically points [[Fitna (film)|Fitna]], a controversial Dutch film to be the basis for the block.<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/7261727.stm Pakistan blocks YouTube website]</ref> Pakistan, an [[Islamic republic]], has ordered its ISPs to block access to YouTube "for containing blasphemous web content/movies."<ref name="YahooNews">[http://ca.news.yahoo.com/s/afp/080224/world/denmark_media_islam_pakistan_internet_youtube Pakistan blocks YouTube for '[[Blasphemy law in Pakistan|blasphemous]]' content: officials], Yahoo News</ref>([[Blasphemy law in Pakistan]] is extremely strict, calling for life imprisonment or death.) The action effectively blocked YouTube access worldwide for several hours on [[February 24]].<ref name=CNN>[http://www.cnn.com/2008/WORLD/asiapcf/02/25/pakistan.youtube/ "Pakistan move knocked out YouTube"], ''[[CNN]]'', [[February 25]], [[2008]]. Retrieved [[March 5]] [[2008]].</ref>

 

On [[February 26]], [[2008]], the ban was lifted after the website had removed the objectionable content from its servers on the request of the government.<ref name="PAK-ban-lifted">{{cite news | title = Pakistan lifts YouTube ban | url = http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2008/02/27/2173501.htm?section=world | publisher = [[ABC News]] | date = 2008-02-26 | accessdate = 2008-02-26}}</ref>

 

 

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[[en:Blocking of YouTube]]