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== Etimologi ==
The word '''science''' comes from the [[Latin]] word, ''scientia'', which means [[knowledge]].
Until [[the Enlightenment]], the word "science" (or its Latin cognate) meant any systematic or exact, recorded knowledge. "Science" therefore had the same sort of very broad meaning that "[[philosophy]]" had at that time.
There was a distinction between, for example, "natural science" and "moral science," which later included what we now call philosophy, and this mirrored a distinction between "natural philosophy" and "moral philosophy." More recently, "science" has come to be restricted to what used to be called "[[natural science]]" or "natural philosophy." Natural science can be further broken down into [[physical science]] and [[biological science]]. [[Social science]] is often included in the field of science as well.
Fields of study are often distinguished in terms of "hard sciences" and "soft sciences," and these terms (at times considered derogatory) are often synonymous with the terms natural and social science (respectively). [[Physics]], [[chemistry]], [[biology]] and [[geology]] are all forms of "hard sciences". Studies of [[anthropology]], [[history]], [[psychology]], and [[sociology]] are sometimes called "soft sciences." Proponents of this division use the arguments that the "soft sciences" do not use the [[scientific method]], admit [[anecdotal evidence]], or are not mathematical, all adding up to a "lack of [[rigor]]" in their methods. Opponents of the division in the sciences counter that the "social sciences" often make systematic statistical studies in strictly controlled environments, or that these conditions are not adhered to by the natural sciences either (for example, [[behavioral biology]] relies upon [[fieldwork]] in uncontrolled environments, [[astronomy]] cannot design experiments, only observe limited conditions). Opponents of the division also point out that each of the current "hard sciences" suffered a similar "lack of rigor" in its own infancy.
The term "science" is sometimes pressed into service for new and [[interdisciplinarity|interdisciplinary]] fields that make use of scientific methods at least in part, and which in any case aspire to be systematic and careful explorations of their subjects, including [[computer science]], [[library and information science]], and [[environmental science]]. [[Mathematics]] and [[computer science]] reside under "Q" in the [[Library of Congress classification]], along with all else we now call science.
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== Tema terkait ==
* Organisasi dan praktik ilmu: [[International Council of Science]] (ICSU).
* For an understanding of how these fields came to be: [[History of Science and Technology]].
* Lihat pula [[ilmuwan]] untuk katalog orang-orang yang berkecimpung dalam bidangnya.
== Lihat pula ==
* [[Teori dasar ilmu]]
* [[Sejarah ilmu]]
* ''[[Junk science]]''
* [[National Science Foundation]] ([[United States|USA]])
* [[Patafisika]]
* [[Ilmu patologik]]
* ''[[Protoscience]]''
* ''[[Pseudoscience]]''
* [[Sains Besar]]
* [[Science education]]
* [[Scientific enterprise]]
* [[Scientific misconduct]]
* [[Scientific materialism]]
* [[Scientific method]]
* [[Scientific revolution]]
* [[The relationship between religion and science]]
* [[List of publications in science]]
* [[List of scientific howlers in literature]]
== Pranala luar ==
{{Wikiquotepar|Science}}
* [http://etext.lib.virginia.edu/cgi-local/DHI/dhi.cgi?id=dv1-57 ''Dictionary of the History of Ideas'':] Classification of the Sciences
* [http://textbook.wiki-indonesia.club/wiki/General_Science Wikibooks - GSCE science textbook]
* [http://science.shumans.com Daily Science News]
* [http://www.internet-encyclopedia.info/wiki.phtml?title=Science Internet-Encyclopedia March 14, 2003], alphabetized and ordered list of sciences adapted from the Internet-Encyclopedia article, "Science"
=== Sumberdaya ===
* [http://www.csu.edu.au/learning/eis/hbauer-intro.html Ethics in Science]
* [http://www.newscientist.com Current Events in Science Magazine]
* [http://www.science.gov United States Science Initiative]
* [http://www.iceion.com/philo/philo.php?page=science Simple Introduction to Science]
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