Pejuang keadilan sosial: Perbedaan antara revisi
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Baris 5:
Istilah tersebut telah masuk [[budaya populer]], termasuk [[permainan video bermain peran]] [[parodi]] yang dirilis pada 2014 berjudul ''Social Justice Warriors''.<ref name="parreno" /><ref name="technologytell" /><ref name="breiner" />
==Makna peyoratif==
{{quote box |width=25em | bgcolor=#c6dbf7 |align=right |halig=left | salign=right|quote="the 'social justice warrior,' i.e., the stereotype of the feminist as unreasonable, sanctimonious, biased, and self-aggrandizing."|source=Scott Selisker{{refn|name=Selisker}}}}
Menurut Martin, makna istilah ini berubah dari positif menjadi sangat negatif sekitar tahun 2011 ketika dilontarkan sebagai celaan untuk pertama kalinya di [[Twitter]].{{refn|name=Ohlheiser}} Pada tahun itu pula, [[Urban Dictionary]] menerbitkan entri definisi untuk istilah ini.{{refn|name=Ohlheiser}} Penggunaan istilah ini secara negatif meluas di tengah [[kontroversi Gamergate]] tahun 2014.<ref name="Jeong">{{cite book |first=Sarah |last=Jeong |author-link=Sarah Jeong |year=2015 |title=The Internet of Garbage |publisher=Forbes Media |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=i24nCgAAQBAJ}}</ref> Pendukung Gamergate memakai istilah ini untuk menyebut lawan mereka yang berbeda ideologi.{{refn|name=Ohlheiser}} Dalam [[budaya Internet]] dan [[budaya permainan video]], istilah ini dikaitkan dengan kontroversi Gamergate dan dampaknya terhadap [[perang budaya]] secara luas, termasuk kampanye [[Sad Puppies]] tahun 2015 yang memengaruhi [[Hugo Award]].<ref name="Johnson">{{cite web |quote=A Social Justice Warrior, or SJW, is any person, female or male, who argues online for political correctness or feminism. 'Social justice' may sound like a good thing to many of our readers, but the people who use this term only use it pejoratively. |url=http://recode.net/2014/10/10/understanding-the-jargon-of-gamergate/ |title=Understanding the Jargon of Gamergate |date=October 10, 2014 |work=Re/code |last=Johnson |first=Eric |archivedate=January 2, 2016 |dead-url=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160102031743/http://recode.net/2014/10/10/understanding-the-jargon-of-gamergate/}}</ref><ref name="Ringo">{{cite news |title=Meet the Female Gamer Mascot Born of Anti-Feminist Internet Drama |date=August 28, 2014 |last=Ringo |first=Allegra |work=[[Vice (magazine)|Vice]] |url=https://www.vice.com/read/meet-the-female-gamer-mascot-created-by-anti-feminists-828 |archivedate=January 14, 2016 |dead-url=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160114083321/http://www.vice.com/read/meet-the-female-gamer-mascot-created-by-anti-feminists-828}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |first=Donald |last=Clarke |archivedate=January 2, 2016 |dead-url=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160102031743/http://www.irishtimes.com/news/technology/game-reviews/are-gamers-misogynistic-some-certainly-are-1.1968159 |work=[[The Irish Times]] |url=http://www.irishtimes.com/news/technology/game-reviews/are-gamers-misogynistic-some-certainly-are-1.1968159 |date=October 18, 2014 |title=Are Gamers Misogynistic? Some Certainly Are |quote=The term "social justice warrior" (surely a good thing) has been used pejoratively to describe those writers who choose to examine the social and political subtexts of contemporary video games}}</ref><ref name="Dewey">{{cite news |first=Caitlin |last=Dewey |work=[[The Washington Post]] |title=The Only Guide to Gamergate You Will Ever Need to Read |date=October 14, 2014 |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-intersect/wp/2014/10/14/the-only-guide-to-gamergate-you-will-ever-need-to-read/ |quote=...'SJW,' for social justice warrior—a kind of shorthand insult for liberals and progressives. |accessdate=April 22, 2015}}</ref><ref name="Waldman">{{cite web |url=http://www.slate.com/blogs/browbeat/2015/04/08/_2015_hugo_awards_how_the_sad_and_rabid_puppies_took_over_the_sci_fi_nominations.html |title=2015 Hugo Awards: How the sad and rabid puppies took over the sci-fi nominations |first=Katy |last=Waldman |date=April 8, 2015 |work=[[Slate (magazine)|Slate]] |archivedate=January 14, 2016 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160114234926/http://www.slate.com/blogs/browbeat/2015/04/08/_2015_hugo_awards_how_the_sad_and_rabid_puppies_took_over_the_sci_fi_nominations.html}}</ref> Pemakaian istilah secara negatif meluas di berbagai situs web seperti [[Reddit]],{{refn|name=Hill}} [[4chan]],<ref name="Hill">{{cite web |last=Hill |first=Max |date=November 17, 2014 |url=http://www.the-peak.ca/2014/11/in-defence-of-social-justice-warriors/ |title=In defence of 'social justice warriors' |website=The Peak |dead-url=no |archivedate=March 17, 2016 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160317005411/http://www.the-peak.ca/2014/11/in-defence-of-social-justice-warriors/}}</ref> and [[YouTube]].{{cn|date=July 2017}}
Sejumlah peneliti memandang bahwa istilah ini bertujuan menjatuhkan motivasi orang yang dituduh sebagai SJW dan menyiratkan bahwa motif mereka adalah "mencari pembenaran diri, bukan karena benar-benar yakin dengan pandangan mereka".<ref name="Heron & Belford">{{cite journal |last1=Heron|first1=Michael James|first2=Pauline |last2=Belford|first3=Ayse|last3=Goker|title=Sexism in the circuitry: female participation in male-dominated popular computer culture |journal=ACM SIGCAS Computers and Society |year=2014 |volume=44 |issue=4 |pages=18–29 |doi=10.1145/2695577.2695582}}</ref>
Konotasi negatifnya ditujukan kepada orang-orang yang berpandangan [[progresivisme sosial]], inklusivitas budaya, atau [[feminisme]].{{refn|name=Ohlheiser}}{{refn|name=Johnson}} Pemakaian negatif ini menyiratkan bahwa seseorang ikut dalam perdebatan atau aktivisme keadilan sosial untuk menaikkan reputasi pribadinya.{{refn|name=Ringo}} Allegra Ringo menulis di ''[[Vice (majalah)|Vice]]'' bahwa "[d]engan kata lain, para SJW tidak memiliki prinsip yang kuat, tetapi berpura-pura [berprinsip kuat]. Masalahnya, itu bukan kelompok masyarakat yang sesungguhnya. Itu hanyalah cara untuk membungkam siapapun yang mengangkat topik keadilan sosial."{{refn|name=Ringo}}
Rita Panahi menggunakan istilah ini untuk mengkritik [[standar ganda]] dalam keadilan sosial.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Panahi|first1=Rita|title=Curious double standards of the perpetually outraged|url=https://www.dailytelegraph.com.au/rendezview/curious-double-standards-of-the-perpetually-outraged/news-story/2c4c618b905c27150840851e17f99852|website=[[The Daily Telegraph (Sydney)|The Daily Telegraph]]|accessdate=28 February 2018}}</ref>
Wartawan ''[[Vice (majalah)|Vice]]'', Clinton Nguyen, mengutip istilah ini dalam sebuah artikel yang menganalisis perilaku agresif di balik pengguna [[Tumblr]] yang mengangkat topik 'keadilan sosial'. Para pengguna Tumblr berulang-ulang mencela seorang seniman di situs tersebut karena merasa tersinggung oleh karya seninya sampai sang seniman melakukan [[upaya bunuh diri]].<ref name="Vice">{{cite web|last1=Nguyen|first1=Clinton|title=An Attempted Suicide Forced a Tumblr Community to Open Its Eyes About Bullying|url=https://motherboard.vice.com/en_us/article/3da838/an-attempted-suicide-forced-a-tumblr-community-to-open-its-eyes-about-bullying|website=Vice|accessdate=21 March 2018}}</ref>
Menurut [[David A. French]], tujuan para pejuang keadilan sosial berlawanan dengan tujuan sayap [[kanan Kristen]].<ref>French, David. [http://www.nationalreview.com/article/427523/ferocious-religious-faith-campus-social-justice-warrior-david-french "The Ferocious Religious Faith of the Campus Social-Justice Warrior"]. ''National Review''. November 23, 2015.</ref>{{Explain|date=January 2018}}
Istilah ini sering digunakan oleh peserta diskusi daring saat [[kritik terhadap feminisme|mengkritik feminisme]].<ref name="Selisker">{{cite journal |issn=0028-6087 |oclc=1296558 |doi=10.1353/nlh.2015.0024 |last=Selisker |first=Scott |title=The Bechdel Test and the Social Form of Character Networks |journal=New Literary History |volume=46 |issue=3 |year=2015 |pages=505–523}}</ref> Dalam ''[[New Literary History]]'', Scott Selisker menulis, "[Peserta forum] sering melontarkan kritik pribadi semua yang mereka anggap sebagai 'pejuang keadilan sosial', stereotipe bahwa feminis itu tidak masuk akal, berlagak suci, bias, dan angkuh".{{refn|name=Selisker}}
Pada Agustus 2015, ''social justice warrior'' menjadi salah satu kata atau frasa yang masuk [[Oxford Dictionaries]].{{refn|name=Ohlheiser}}<ref name="Wagner">{{cite web |url=https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2015/08/27/435232388/can-you-use-that-in-a-sentence-dictionary-adds-new-words |publisher=[[NPR]] |title=Can You Use That In A Sentence? Dictionary Adds New Words |date=August 27, 2015 |first=Laura |last=Wagner |archivedate=March 20, 2016 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160320210735/http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2015/08/27/435232388/can-you-use-that-in-a-sentence-dictionary-adds-new-words|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref name="Steinmetz">{{cite news |url=http://time.com/4010748/oxford-dictionary-update-2015/ |work=Time |title=Oxford Dictionaries Adds 'Fat-Shame,' 'Butthurt' and 'Redditor' |first=Katy |last=Steinmetz |date=August 26, 2015 |archivedate=January 20, 2016 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160120185422/http://time.com/4010748/oxford-dictionary-update-2015/ |dead-url=no}}</ref> Martin mengatakan bahwa "anggapan ortodokso [politik progresif] memancing respon negatif dari orang-orang yang merasa kebebasan berbicara mereka dibatasi".{{refn|name=Ohlheiser}}
Elizabeth Nolan Brown menulis di ''[[Reason (majalah)|Reason]]'' bahwa pendukung "keadilan sosial" di sayap kiri dan kanan memiliki ciri-ciri yang sama, yaitu suka mengamuk, mengaku sebagai korban, mencap lawan itu perisak dan jahat, dan memandang diri merekalah yang benar-benar tertindas/terzalimi.<ref name="Brown">{{cite web |last1=Brown |first1=Elizabeth |title=Trump Fans and 'Social Justice Warriors,' Two Sides of the Same Authoritarian Coin|url=http://reason.com/blog/2016/05/12/trump-fans-and-social-justice-warriors |publisher=Reason |accessdate=August 16, 2016}}</ref>
Pada Mei 2014, konsep ini diangkat ke dalam [[permainan video peran]] [[parodi]] berjudul ''Social Justice Warriors''.<ref name="Parreno">{{cite web |first=Ryan |last=Parreno |url=http://gameranx.com/updates/id/24055/article/social-justice-warriors-now-have-their-own-rpg/ |title=Social Justice Warriors Now Have Their Own RPG |date=September 9, 2014 |work=Gameranx |archivedate=January 3, 2015 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150103021359/http://www.gameranx.com/updates/id/24055/article/social-justice-warriors-now-have-their-own-rpg |dead-url=no}}</ref><ref name="SJW Review">{{cite web |url=http://www.technologytell.com/gaming/144852/social-justice-warrior-review-meh/ |title=Social Justice Warrior Review |work=Technology Tell |date=March 30, 2015 |archivedate=January 3, 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160103130249/http://www.technologytell.com/gaming/144852/social-justice-warrior-review-meh/ |dead-url=yes}}</ref> Permainan ini dikembangkan oleh Nonadecimal Creative. Pemain berdebat melawan [[trol Internet]] yang melontarkan komentar [[rasis]] atau provokatif dengan memilih salah satu respons, misalnya "gunakan logikamu untuk membantah klaim mereka", menyebarkan komentar mereka agar diserang orang lain, atau menyerang secara pribadi.{{refn|name=SJW Review}} Pemain bisa memilih [[kelas karakter]] dan melihat perubahan tingkat kewarasan (''Sanity'') dan reputasinya (''Reputation'').{{refn|name=SJW Review}} Pencipta permainan, Eric Ford, menjelaskan bahwa permainan ini dirancang untuk mendorong [[pemikiran kritis]] dan "tidak bertujuan membiarkan komentar rasis, seksis, dan komentar buruk di Internet. Tujuannya adalah mendorong pemain berpikir kritis dalam melontarkan pandangan mereka secara efektif sehingga membantu pejuang keadilan sosial di dunia nyata."{{refn|name=SJW Review}}
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