Perkawinan sejenis di Australia: Perbedaan antara revisi

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{{Serikat sesama jenis}}
'''Perkawinan sejenis di Australia''' telah sah sejak 9 Desember 2017. Undang-undang yang mengizinkan [[perkawinan sejenis]], [[Undang-Undang Amandemen Pernikahan (Definisi dan Kebebasan Beragama) 2017]], lolos di [[Parlemen Australia]] pada 7 Desember 2017 dan menerima [[pengesahan kerajaan]] oleh [[Gubernur-Jenderal Australia]] pada hari berikutnya. Undang-undang ini berlaku pada 9 Desember, yang dengan segera mengakui perkawinan sejenis di luar negeri. Pernikahan pertama dalam hukum Australia diselenggarakan pada 15 Desember 2017. Di Australia, pasangan yang ingin kawin harus menunggu setidaknya satu bulan setelah menandatangani surat keinginan untuk kawin, yang berarti pernikahan sah pertama dimulai dari 9 Januari 2018. Akan tetapi, beberapa pasangan sejenis berhasil mengajukan dispensasi dari masa tunggu ini dan akibatnya, pernikahan sah pertama diselenggarakan pada 15 Desember 2017. Penerimaan hukum itu menyusul sebuah [[Survei Pos Hukum Pernikahan Australia|survei pos sukarela]] bagi seluruh warga Australia, yang mana 61.6% responden mendukung perkawinan sejenis.
'''Same-sex marriage''' has been legal in '''Australia''' since 9 December 2017. The legislation to allow [[same-sex marriage]], the ''[[Marriage Amendment (Definition and Religious Freedoms) Act 2017]]'', passed the [[Australian Parliament]] on 7 December 2017 and received [[royal assent]] from the [[Governor-General of Australia|Governor-General]] the following day. The law came into effect on 9 December, immediately recognising overseas same-sex marriages. The first same-sex wedding under Australian law was held on 15 December 2017. In Australia, couples intending to marry must wait at least one month after signing a notice of intention to marry, meaning the first legal weddings were to take place from 9 January 2018. However, several same-sex couples successfully applied for an exemption from the waiting period and as a result, the first legal wedding took place on 15 December 2017.</ref> The passage of the law followed [[Australian Marriage Law Postal Survey|a voluntary postal survey]] of all Australians, in which 61.6% of respondents supported same-sex marriage.
 
Jenis pengakuan lain bagi pasangan sejenis pun ada. Dalam hukum federal, pasangan sejenis dapat pula diakui sebagai [[De facto#Relationships|hubungan ''de facto'']] , yang memberikana hak dan kewajiban yang hampir sama dengan perkawinan, meskipun hak tersebut terkadang sulit didapatkan dan tidak selalu diakui dalam kenyataannya. Meskipun tidak ada [[persatuan sipil]] atau hubungan terdaftar di Australia, kebanyakan [[Negara bagian australia|negara bagian dan teritori]] telah mengesahkan pendaftaran bagi [[persatuan sipil]] atau [[kemitraan domestik]]. Persatuan semacam itu diakui sebagai hubungan ''de facto'' dalam hukum federal.
Other types of recognition for same-sex couples are also available. Under federal law, same-sex couples can also be recognised as [[De facto#Relationships|''de facto'' relationships]], which provide most of the same rights and responsibilities afforded to married couples, although those rights may be difficult to assert and are not always recognised in practice. Although there is no national [[Civil union|civil union]] or relationships register scheme in Australia, most [[States and territories of Australia|states and territories]] have legislated for civil unions or [[domestic partnership]] registries. Such unions are recognised as ''de facto'' relationships under federal law.
 
Sebelum undang-undang tersebut, pengesahan ditolak oleh Parlemen Federal sebanyak 22 kali selama September 2004 hingga Mei 2017. Percobaan yang gagal ini terjadi setelah [[Pemerintahan Howard]] mengamendemen undang-undang tersebut pada Agustus 2004 untuk mengecualikan perkawinan sejenis. [[Wilayah Ibu Kota Australia]] meloloskan sebuah aturan perkawinan sejenis pada Desember 2013, meski kemudian dibatalkan oleh [[Pengadilan Tinggi Australia|Pengadilan Tinggi]] atas dasar bahwa hukum semacam itu hanya dapat diajukan oleh Persemakmuran tersebut.
Prior to legalisation, same-sex marriage legislation had been rejected by the Federal Parliament on 22 occasions between September 2004 and May 2017. These failed attempts came after the [[Howard Government]] amended the law in August 2004 to exclude same-sex marriages. The [[Australian Capital Territory]] passed a same-sex marriage law in December 2013, though this was struck down by the [[High Court of Australia|High Court]] on the grounds that such a law could only be introduced by the Commonwealth.
 
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