Nazaret: Perbedaan antara revisi

Konten dihapus Konten ditambahkan
Baris 115:
In 1620 the Catholic Church purchased an area in the Nazareth basin measuring approximately {{convert|100|x|150|m|2|abbr=on|lk=out}} on the side of the hill known as the Nebi Sa'in. The Franciscan priest [[Bellarmino Bagatti]], "Director of Christian Archaeology", carried out extensive excavation of this "Venerated Area" from 1955 to 1965. Fr. Bagatti uncovered pottery dating from the [[Middle Bronze Age]] (2200 to 1500 BC) and ceramics, silos and grinding mills from the [[Iron Age]] (1500 to 586 BC) which indicated substantial settlement in the Nazareth basin at that time. However, lack of archaeological evidence for Nazareth from [[Assyria]]n, [[Babylonia]]n, [[History of Iran|Persian]], [[Hellenistic period|Hellenistic]] or Early [[Ancient Rome|Roman]] times, at least in the major excavations between 1955 and 1990, shows that the settlement apparently came to an abrupt end about 720 BC, when the [[Assyrian captivity of Israel|Assyrians]] destroyed many towns in the area.{{citation needed|date=March 2017}}
 
===Roman EmpireZaman Kekaisaran Romawi era===
[[File:Nazarene Fountain Reputed to be Mary & Jesus'.jpg|thumb|200px|Historic photo of [[Mary's Well]]]]
According to the [[Gospel of Luke]], Nazareth was the home village of Mary as well as the site of the [[Annunciation]] (when the angel [[Gabriel]] informed Mary that she would give birth to Jesus). According to the [[Gospel of Matthew]], Joseph and Mary resettled in Nazareth after returning from the [[flight to Egypt|flight from Bethlehem to Egypt]]. According to the Bible, Jesus grew up in Nazareth from some point in his childhood. However, some modern scholars also regard Nazareth as the birthplace of Jesus.<ref>[[John P. Meier]], ''A Marginal Jew: Rethinking the Historical Jesus: The Roots of the Problem and the Person,''Vol. 1, Doubleday 1991, p.216; [[Bart D. Ehrman]], ''Jesus: Apocalyptic Prophet of the New Millennium'', Oxford University Press, 1999, p.97; [[E. P. Sanders]], ''The Historical Figure of Jesus'', Penguin 1993, p.85.</ref>
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Suatu inskripsi [[bahasa Ibrani]] yang ditemukan di [[Kaisarea Maritima|Kaisarea]] bertarikh akhir abad ke-3 atau awal abad ke-4 M menyebutkan Nazaret sebagai rumah keluarga [[kohen|imam (''kohen'')]] Hapizzez setelah [[Pemberontakan Bar Kokhba]] (132–135 M).<ref>Keluarga ini rupanya telah pindah ke Nazaret setelah [[:En:FirstPerang JewishYahudi-Romawi RevoltPertama|Pemberontakan Yahudi pertama]] ([[70]] M), meskipun ada yang berspekulasi bahwa relokasi ini mungkin "jauh pada abad ke-2 (atau bahkan abad ke-3) [M]." '' History and Society in Galilee'', 1996, p. 110. Pada tahun 131 M, Kaisar Romawi [[Hadrian]] melarang orang Yahudi untuk tinggal di [[Yerusalem]], memaksa penduduk Yahudi untuk pindah ke tempat lain.</ref> Dari tiga fragmen yang diketemukan, inskripsi ini nampaknya memuat daftar 24 gruprombongan imam (bandingkan denganlihat [[1 Tawarikh 24|Kitab 1 Tawarikh 24]], yaitu {{Alkitab|[[1 Tawarikh 24:#Ayat 7–19|:7-19]]; [[NehemiahNehemia 11;:12]]), di mana setiap grup (atau keluarga) ditugaskan menurut urutannya dengan nama setiap kota atau desa di [[Galilea]] di mana mereka tinggal. Nazaret tidak ditulis dengan huruf "z" melainkan dengan huruf Ibrani [[tsade]] (jadi "Natsaret").<ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Avi-Yonah | first1 = M. | year = 1962 | title = A List of Priestly Courses from Caesarea | url = | journal = Israel Exploration Journal | volume = 12 | issue = | page = 138 }}</ref> [[:en:Eleazar Kalir|Eleazar Kalir]] (seorang penyair Ibrani yang diberi tarikh antara abad ke-6 sampai ke-10 M) menyebut ada suatu lokalitas yang jelas di dalam wilayah Nazaret memuat nama Nazaret נצרת (dalam hal ini divokalisasi sebagai "Nitzrat"), yang merupakan rumah dari keturunan keluarga [[Kohen]] ke-18 Happitzetz (הפצץ), selama paling sedikit beberapa abad setelah pemberontakan [[Simon bar Kokhba|Bar Kochva]].
 
== Nazaret modern ==