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[[File:Private key signing.png|thumb|250px|In this example the message is only signed and not encrypted. 1) Alice signs a message with her private key. 2) Bob can verify that Alice sent the message and that the message has not been modified.]]
'''Tanda tangan digital''' atau tanda tangan elektronik adalah skema matematis untuk menyajikan keaslian pesan atau dokumen digital. Tanda tangan digital yang valid memberikan alasan penerima untuk percaya bahwa pesan itu dibuat oleh pengirim yang dikenal ([[otentikasi]]), bahwa pengirim tidak dapat menyangkal telah mengirim pesan tersebut ([[nir-penyangkalan]]), dan bahwa pesan tidak diubah saat transit ([[Integritas data|integritas]]).<ref>{{Cite web|title =What is Digital Signature- How it works, Benefits, Objectives, Concept|url =http://www.emptrust.com/blog/benefits-of-using-digital-signatures|last=Paul|first=Eliza|year=2017}}</ref>
Digital signatures are a standard element of most [[cryptographic protocol]] suites, and are commonly used for software distribution, financial transactions, [[contract management software]], and in other cases where it is important to detect forgery or tampering.
Digital signatures are often used to implement [[electronic signature]]s, a broader term that refers to any electronic data that carries the intent of a signature,<ref>[http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi?dbname=106_cong_public_laws&docid=f:publ229.106.pdf US ESIGN Act of 2000]</ref> but not all electronic signatures use digital signatures.<ref>[http://enterprise.state.wi.us/home/strategic/esig.htm State of WI] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060925104000/http://enterprise.state.wi.us/home/strategic/esig.htm |date=2006-09-25 }}</ref><ref>[http://www.naa.gov.au/recordkeeping/er/Security/6-glossary.html National Archives of Australia] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141109/http://www.naa.gov.au/recordkeeping/er/Security/6-glossary.html |date=November 9, 2014 }}</ref> In some countries, including the United States, [[Algeria]]<ref>
{{cite web|title=Law 15-04|url=http://www.algerianbanks.com/index.php/environnement-juridique/principaux-codes-juridiques/la-signature-et-a-la-certification-electroniques|website=Official Journal, february, 1st, 2015}}</ref>, [[Turkey]], [[India]],<ref>{{cite web|title=THE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY ACT, 2000|url=http://www.dot.gov.in/sites/default/files/itbill2000_0.pdf|website=Department of Telecommunications, Ministry of Communication, Government of India|publisher=The Gazette of India Extraordinary|accessdate=17 September 2017}}</ref> Brazil, Indonesia, [[Mexico]],<ref>[http://www.diputados.gob.mx/LeyesBiblio/pdf/LFEA.pdf Ley de firma electrónica avanzada]</ref> Saudi Arabia,<ref>{{cite web|title=Electronic Transaction Law|url=http://www.citc.gov.sa/en/RulesandSystems/CITCSystem/Pages/ElectronicTransactionsLaw.aspx|website=Communication and Information Technology Commission|accessdate=17 September 2017}}</ref>, [[Uruguay]]<ref>https://www.agesic.gub.uy/innovaportal/v/5834/13/agesic/firma-electronica.html</ref>, [[Switzerland]] and the countries of the [[European Union]],<ref name=Cryptomathic_MajorStandardsDigSig>{{cite web|last1=Turner|first1=Dawn|title=Major Standards and Compliance of Digital Signatures - A World-Wide Consideration|url=http://www.cryptomathic.com/news-events/blog/major-standards-and-compliance-of-digital-signatures-a-world-wide-consideration|publisher=Cryptomathic|accessdate=7 January 2016}}</ref><ref name=CryptomathicDigSigServicesAshiqJA>{{cite web|last1=JA|first1=Ashiq|title=Recommendations for Providing Digital Signature Services|url=http://www.cryptomathic.com/news-events/blog/recommendations-for-providing-digital-signature-services|publisher=Cryptomathic|accessdate=7 January 2016}}</ref> electronic signatures have legal significance.
Digital signatures employ [[asymmetric key algorithm|asymmetric cryptography]]. In many instances they provide a layer of validation and security to messages sent through a non-secure channel: Properly implemented, a digital signature gives the receiver reason to believe the message was sent by the claimed sender. Digital seals and signatures are equivalent to handwritten signatures and stamped seals.<ref>[http://www.arx.com/industries/engineering/regulatory-compliance/ Regulatory Compliance: Digital signatures and seals are legally enforceable ESIGN (Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce) Act]</ref> Digital signatures are equivalent to traditional handwritten signatures in many respects, but properly implemented digital signatures are more difficult to forge than the handwritten type. Digital signature schemes, in the sense used here, are cryptographically based, and must be implemented properly to be effective. Digital signatures can also provide [[non-repudiation]], meaning that the signer cannot successfully claim they did not sign a message, while also claiming their [[private key]] remains secret. Further, some non-repudiation schemes offer a time stamp for the digital signature, so that even if the private key is exposed, the signature is valid. Digitally signed messages may be anything representable as a [[bitstring]]: examples include [[electronic mail]], [[contract]]s, or a message sent via some other [[cryptographic protocol]].
==Referensi==
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