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{{Infobox Former Country
|native_name = Democratic Republic of Dubovka
|native_name = شەرقىي تۈركىستان جۇمھۇرىيىتى<br/>東突厥斯坦共和國
|conventional_long_name = RepublikRDR Turkestan TimurDubovka
|common_name = TurkestanRepublik TimurDemokratik Dubovka
|image_map = Second ETR in China.svg
|image_map_alt = Located in three contiguous prefectures in Xinjiang, or Northwest China. Contiguous, but with three Chinese enclaves.
|image_map_caption = The Ili, Tarbagatay, and Altay districts (red) in which the East Turkestan Republic was located.
|image_flag = Flag of the Second East Turkestan Republic.svg
|continent = Asia
|government_type = Partai Ganda, Demokratis
|status = [[Negara satelit]] [[Uni Soviet]]<ref>David D. Wang. ''Under the Soviet Shadow: The Yining Incident; Ethnic Conflicts and International Rivalry in Xinjiang, 1944–1949.'' pg. 406</ref><ref name="oxuscom.com">http://www.oxuscom.com/sovinxj.htm</ref><ref>David Wang. ''The Xinjiang question of the 1940s: the story behind the Sino-Soviet treaty of August 1945''</ref><ref>Into Tibet: Thomas Laird. ''The CIA's First Atomic Spy and His Secret Expedition to Lhasa'' pg. 25</ref>
|leader1_type = Pemimpin tertinggi
|year_start = 1944
|leader1 =
|year_end = 1946 <!--(1) http://www.oxuscom.com/sovinxj.htm</ref>http://books.google.com/books?id=IAs9AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA231&lpg=PA176&ots=KzhP6_jqqU&dq=%22+Kulja%22+1944+east+turkestan#v=onepage&q=%22%20Kulja%22%201944%20east%20turkestan&f=false (2) http://books.google.com/books?id=IAs9AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA232&lpg=PA176&ots=KzhP6_jqqU&dq=%22+Kulja%22+1944+east+turkestan#v=onepage&q=%22%20Kulja%22%201944%20east%20turkestan&f=false-->
|p1 = Berdiri pada 12 Agustus 2018
|government_type = [[Republik]] [[sekuler]]<ref name="oxuscom.com"/><ref>{{cite book|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=IAs9AAAAIAAJ&lpg=PA176&ots=KzhP6_jqqU&dq=%22%20Kulja%22%201944%20east%20turkestan&hl=nl&pg=PA178#v=snippet&q=secular%20OR%20%22Turkic%20and%20Islamic%20were%20omitted%22&f=false|title=Warlords and Muslims in Chinese Central Asia: a political history of Republican Sinkiang 1911-1949|author=Andrew D. W. Forbes|year=1986|publisher=CUP Archive|location=Cambridge, England|isbn=0-521-25514-7|pages=178–179|pages=376|accessdate=2010-09-20}}</ref>
|flag_p1 =
|leader1_type = Presiden
|flag_s1 =
|leader1 = {{nowrap|[[Elihan Tore|Ali Khan Türe]] <small>(1944-1946)</small><br/>[[Ehmetjan Qasim]] <small>(1946-1949)</small>}} <!--http://www.oxuscom.com/sovinxj.htm--> <!--http://books.google.com/books?id=IAs9AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA176&lpg=PA176&dq=%22+Kulja%22+1944+east+turkestan&source=bl&ots=KzhP6_jqqU&sig=ikWbZPfxYk7143TUUZjk_t7HIAo&hl=en&ei=rQ49TICqCIO88gbIv9WnBg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CBIQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=%22%20Kulja%22%201944%20east%20turkestan&f=false-->
|capital = Dubovka City
|p1 = Republik Tiongkok (1912-1949)
|common_languages = Bahasa Indonesia
|flag_p1 = Flag of the Republic of China.svg
|religion = Islam 100%
|s1 = RRT
|currency = Dubovka Rupiah
|flag_s1 = Flag of the Republic of China.svg
|capital = [[Ghulja]]<ref>{{cite book|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=IAs9AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA178&lpg=PA176&ots=KzhP6_jqqU&dq=%22+Kulja%22+1944+east+turkestan#v=onepage&q=%22%20Kulja%22%201944%20east%20turkestan&f=false|title=Warlords and Muslims in Chinese Central Asia: a political history of Republican Sinkiang 1911-1949|author=Andrew D. W. Forbes|year=1986|publisher=CUP Archive|location=Cambridge, England|isbn=0-521-25514-7|page=176|accessdate=2010-09-20}}</ref>
|common_languages = [[Bahasa Uyghur|Uyghur]] <small>(official)</small><br/>[[Bahasa Kazakh|Kazakh]]<br/>[[Bahasa Tionghoa|Tionghoa]]
|religion = <!--Secular state: http://books.google.com/books?id=IAs9AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA179&lpg=PA176&ots=KzhP6_jqqU&dq=%22+Kulja%22+1944+east+turkestan#v=onepage&q=%22%20Kulja%22%201944%20east%20turkestan&f=false-->
|currency = [[Som (mata uang)|Som]]
}}
'''Republik Demokratik Rakyat Dubovka''' berdiri di suatu tempat yang tidak diketahui di asia tenggara, negara ini berdiri atas keinginan penduduknya yang ingin mendapatkan kebebasan dalam demokrasi maupun hak-hak mereka sebagai rakyat dari suatu negara yang menganut prinsip demokratis
'''Republik Turkestan Timur Kedua''', biasanya dikenal sebagai Republik Turkestan Timur (RTT), adalah sebuah [[republik rakyat]] [[Bangsa Turki|Turki]] yang didukung [[Uni Soviet]] dan berumur pendek. RTTK berdiri pada tahun 1940-an ([[12 November]] [[1944]] - [[1946]]) di [[Xinjiang]] kini. Negara ini dimulai sejak revolusi di tiga kabupaten utara ([[Prefektur Otonom Kazakh Ili|Ili]], [[Prefektur Tacheng|Tarbaghatai]], [[Prefektur Altai|Altai]]) di provinsi [[Xinjiang]], [[Republik Tiongkok (1912-1949)|Republik Tiongkok]] dan berakhir dengan dimasukkannya wilayah ini ke dalam [[RRT]] pada tahun 1949. Wilayah ini sekarang merupakan bagian dari [[Xinjiang|Daerah Otonomi Uyghur Xinjiang]] di [[Republik Rakyat Tiongkok]] (RRT).
 
== Latar belakang ==
Dari tahun 1934 sampai 1941 Xinjiang berada di bawah pengaruh Uni Soviet. Panglima perang lokal Sheng Shicai bergantung pada Uni Soviet untuk dukungan militer dan perdagangan. Pasukan Soviet memasuki Xinjiang dua kali, pada tahun 1934 dan 1937, untuk jangka waktu terbatas untuk memberikan dukungan militer langsung kepada rezim Sheng Shicai. Setelah menekan Divisi 36 Jenderal Ma Chung-yin pada tahun 1934 dan penarikan pasukan Soviet pada tahun 1935, Uni Soviet mengirim sebuah komisi kepada Xinjiang untuk menyusun sebuah rencana untuk rekonstruksi provinsi tersebut, yang dipimpin oleh saudara ipar Stalin, Wakil Kepala dari Soviet State Bank, Alexander Svanidze, yang menghasilkan pinjaman lima tahun lima juta rubel emas untuk rezim Sheng Shicai.
Draft tersebut ditandatangani oleh Sheng Shicai pada tanggal 16 Mei 1935, tanpa konsultasi atau persetujuan dari Pemerintah Pusat China. Setelah intervensi Soviet pada tahun 1937 dan memadamkan pemberontak Tungan dan Uighur di Selatan Xinjiang dengan pembubaran Divisi Tungan ke 36 dan Divisi Uthghur ke-6, Pemerintah Soviet tidak menarik semua tentara Soviet. Sebuah resimen tentara dari Kementerian Dalam Negeri tetap berada di Kumul mulai bulan Oktober 1937, untuk mencegah kemungkinan serangan dari Tentara Kekaisaran Jepang ke Xinjiang melalui Mongolia Dalam. Sebagai gantinya, konsesi diberikan untuk sumur minyak, tambang timah dan tungsten, dan persyaratan perdagangan yang sangat menguntungkan Uni Soviet.
Pada tahun 1936, setelah Sheng Shicai mengusir 20.000 orang Kazakh dari Xinjiang ke Qinghai, Hui yang dipimpin oleh Jenderal [[Ma Bufang]] membantai sesama Muslim Kazakh, sampai hanya 135 yang tersisa.<ref>{{cite book |url = https://books.google.com/books?id=m98sAAAAIAAJ&q=A+group+of+Kazakhs,+originally+numbering+over+20000+people+when+expelled+from+Sinkiang+by+Sheng+Shih-ts'ai+in+1936,+was+reduced,+after+repeated+massacres+by+their+Chinese+coreligionists+under+Ma+Pu-fang,+to+a+scattered+135+people&dq=A+group+of+Kazakhs,+originally+numbering+over+20000+people+when+expelled+from+Sinkiang+by+Sheng+Shih-ts'ai+in+1936,+was+reduced,+after+repeated+massacres+by+their+Chinese+coreligionists+under+Ma+Pu-fang,+to+a+scattered+135+people&hl=en&ei=B4OnTKDwKMKqlAfJgYmtDQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCUQ6AEwAA |title = The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, Volume 277 |author=American Academy of Political and Social Science|year=1951|publisher=American Academy of Political and Social Science |location=|page=152|isbn=|accessdate=2010-06-28}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |url = https://books.google.com/books?id=NnY5AAAAMAAJ&q=kazakhs+ma+pu-fang&dq=kazakhs+ma+pu-fang&hl=en&ei=qcq0TJbgNMH-8Ab_ts3jCw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=8&ved=0CEcQ6AEwBw |title=Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, Volumes 276-278 |author=American Academy of Political and Social Science |year=1951|publisher=American Academy of Political and Social Science|location=|page=152|isbn=|accessdate=2010-06-28}}</ref>
 
== Referensi ==
Pada tanggal 26 November 1940, Sheng Shicai menyimpulkan sebuah Perjanjian yang memberikan konsesi tambahan Uni Soviet di provinsi Xinjiang selama lima puluh tahun, termasuk daerah-daerah yang berbatasan dengan [[India]] dan [[Tibet]]. Ini menempatkan Xinjiang di bawah kendali politik dan ekonomi sepenuhnya Uni Soviet, menjadikannya bagian dari China hanya sebagai nama saja. Sheng Shicai mengingat dalam memoarnya, "Kegagalan merah di Xinjiang," yang diterbitkan oleh [[Universitas Michigan]] pada tahun 1958, bahwa [[Joseph Stalin]] menekannya untuk menandatangani Perjanjian Konsesi Rahasia pada tahun 1940. Persetujuan Konsesi, disiapkan oleh Stalin dan tujuh belas artikel yang panjang, akan mengakibatkan Xinjiang berbagi nasib yang sama seperti [[Polandia]]. Sheng Shicai diberitahu tentang hasil yang diharapkan oleh perwakilan Soviet di Urumchi Bakulin dan Karpov.
 
Artikel pertama dari Perjanjian tersebut menyatakan bahwa "Pemerintah Xinjiang setuju untuk meluas kepada Pemerintah Uni Soviet di dalam wilayah hak eksklusif Xinjiang atas prospek untuk, menyelidiki dan mengeksploitasi tambang timah dan mineral tambahannya." Uni Soviet menetapkan kepercayaan yang dikenal sebagai Sin-Tin sebagai orang yuridis independen yang hanya tunduk pada prosedur legislatif Uni Soviet untuk pelaksanaan ketentuan-ketentuan Persetujuan sesuai dengan Pasal 4 dengan hak "untuk mendirikan tanpa kantor cabang, kantor cabang pembantu, dan badan-badan di seluruh wilayah Sinkiang "dengan semua pasokan kebutuhan konsesi, pengiriman peralatan dan bahan dan barang impor lainnya dari Uni Soviet dan ekspor mineral dari Xinjiang yang bebas dari bea dan impost dan pajak lainnya dan pembayaran harga tetap sebesar lima persen dari biaya mineral yang ditambang ke Pemerintah Xinjiang.<ref>Agreement of Concessions, Article 7.</ref>
 
Setelah kesepakatan ini, ekspedisi eksplorasi geologi skala besar dikirim oleh Soviet ke Xinjiang pada tahun 1940 sampai 1941, dan sumber daya mineral beragam yang beragam, termasuk uranium dan berilium, ditemukan di pegunungan dekat Kashgar dan di wilayah Altai. Bijih dari kedua mineral tersebut terus dikirim dari tambang Xinjiang Altai ke [[Uni Soviet]] sampai akhir 1949.
 
== Referensi ==
{{reflist}}
== Sumber ==
{{refbegin}}
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* Clubb, O. E., China and Russia: The 'Great Game’. (NY, Columbia, 1971).
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* {{cite book |last = Forbes |first = Andrew D.&nbsp;W. |year=1986 |title = Warlords and Muslims in Chinese Central Asia: a Political History of Republican Sinkiang 1911-1949 |edition=illustrated |publisher=Cambridge University Press |url = https://books.google.com/books?id=IAs9AAAAIAAJ |isbn=0521255147 |ref=harv}}
* Hasiotis, A. C. Jr. Soviet Political, Economic and Military Involvement in Sinkiang from 1928 to 1949 (NY, Garland, 1987).
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* Khakimbaev A. A., 'Nekotorye Osobennosti Natsional’no-Osvoboditel’nogo Dvizheniya Narodov Sin’tszyana v 30-kh i 40-kh godakh XX veka' [Some Characters of the National-Liberation Movement of the Xinjiang Peoples in 1930s and 1940s], in Materially Mezhdunarodnoi Konferentsii po Problemam Istorii Kitaya v Noveishchee Vremya, Aprel’ 1977, Problemy Kitaya (Moscow, 1978) pp.&nbsp;113–118.
* Kotov, K. F., Mestnaya Natsional'nya Avtonomiya v Kitaiskoi Narodnoi Respublike—Na Primere Sin'tszyansko-Uigurskoi Avtonomoi Oblasti, [Autonomy of Local Nationalities in the Chinese People's Republic, as an Example of the Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region], (Moscow, Gosudarstvennoe Izdatel’stvo Yuridichekoi Literaturi, 1959).
* Kutlukov, M., 'Natsionlal’no-Osvoboditel’noe Dvizhenie 1944–1949 gg. v Sin’tszyane kak Sostavnaya Chast’ Kitaiskoi Narodnoi Revolyutsii', [The National-Liberation Movement of 1944–1949 in Xinjiang as a Part of the People’s Revolution in China], in Sbornik Pabot Aspirantov, Otdelenie Obshchestvennykh Hauk, AN UzbSSR, Bypusk 2 (Tashkent, 1958) pp.&nbsp;261–304.
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* {{cite book |editor-last=Perkins |editor-first=E. Ralph |year=1947 |chapter=Unsuccessful attempts to resolve political problems in Sinkiang; extent of Soviet aid and encouragement to rebel groups in Sinkiang; border incident at Peitashan |series=Foreign Relations of the United States, 1947 |volume=VII |title=The Far East: China |pages=546–587 |url=http://images.library.wisc.edu/FRUS/EFacs/1947v07/reference/frus.frus1947v07.i0008.pdf |publisher=United States Government Printing Office |id=Documents 450–495 |location=Washington, DC |ref=harv}}
* {{cite book |url = https://books.google.com/books?id=a4yQAAAAMAAJ |title = British Documents on Foreign Affairs--reports and Papers from the Foreign Office Confidential Print: Far Eastern affairs, July-December 1946 |first1=Paul |last1=Preston |first2=Michael |last2=Partridge |first3=Antony |last3=Best |year=2000 |volume=Volume 2 of British Documents on Foreign Affairs--reports and Papers from the Foreign Office Confidential Print: From 1946 Through 1950. Asia 1946 |publisher=University Publications of America |location= |ISBN = 1-55655-768-X |page= |accessdate = 10 March 2014}}
* {{cite book |url = https://books.google.com/books?id=_6WQAAAAMAAJ |title = British Documents on Foreign Affairs--reports and Papers from the Foreign Office Confidential Print: French Indo-China, China, Japan, Korea and Siam, January 1949-December 1949 |first1=Paul |last1=Preston |first2=Michael |last2=Partridge |first3=Antony |last3=Best |year=2003 |volume=Volume 8 of British Documents on Foreign Affairs--reports and Papers from the Foreign Office Confidential Print: From 1946 Through 1950. Asia 1946, British Documents on Foreign Affairs--reports and Papers from the Foreign Office Confidential Print: From 1946 Through 1950. Asia 1946 |publisher=University Publications of America |location= |ISBN =155655768X |page= |accessdate = 10 March 2014}}
* {{cite news |title = Red Troops Reported Aiding Sinkiang Rebels Fight China |last = Potter |first = Philip |newspaper=The Sun (1837-1988) - Baltimore, Md. |date = 22 Oct 1945 |page=2 |url =https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/baltsun/access/1684503592.html?FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:AI&type=historic&date=Oct+22%2C+1945&author=&pub=The+Sun+(1837-1985)&desc=Red+Troops+Reported+Aiding+Sinkiang+Rebels+Fight+China&pqatl=google}}
* Rakhimov, T. R. 'Mesto Bostochno-Turkestanskoi Respubliki (VTR) v Natsional’no-Osvoboditel’noi Bor’be Narodov Kitaya' [Role of the Eastern Turkestan Republic (ETR) in the National Liberation Struggle of the Peoples in China], A paper presented at 2-ya Nauchnaya Konferentsiya po Problemam Istorii Kitaya v Noveishchee Vremya, (Moscow, 1977), pp.&nbsp;68–70.
* {{cite book |title = The ETIM: China's Islamic Militants and the Global Terrorist Threat |first1 = J. Todd |last1=Reed |first2=Diana |last2=Raschke |last = |volume= |edition= |year=2010 |publisher=ABC-CLIO |url = https://books.google.com/books?id=5I2b_hrJO8sC&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false |ISBN = 0313365407 |accessdate = 10 March 2014 |ref = {{harvid||}} }}
* {{cite book |url = https://books.google.com/books?id=gL7iAAAAMAAJ |title = Journal of the Royal Central Asian Society, Volumes 36-38 |author=Royal Central Asian Society, London |year=1949 |publisher=Royal Central Asian Society. |location= |page= |ISBN = |accessdate = 2011-04-04}}
* {{cite book |url = https://books.google.com/books?id=oDAUAQAAMAAJ |title = Journal of the Royal Central Asian Society, Volume 36 |author = Royal Central Asian Society |year=1949 |publisher=Royal Central Asian Society. |location= |page= |ISBN = |accessdate = 2011-04-04}}
* {{cite news |last = RYAN |first = WILLIAM L. |date = Jan 2, 1969 |title = Russians Back Revolution in Province Inside China |url = https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1928&dat=19690102&id=ylsgAAAAIBAJ&sjid=UGQFAAAAIBAJ&pg=4665,144363 |newspaper= The Lewiston Daily Sun |page=3 |location= |publisher= |accessdate = 12 May 2014}}
* Saviskii, A. P. 'Sin’tszyan kak Platsdarm Inostrannoi Interventsii v Srednei Azii', [Xinjiang as a Base for Foreign Invasion into Central Asia], (Abstract of Dissertation in the Academy of Science, the Uzbekistan SSR), (AN UzbSSR, Tashkent, 1955).
* {{cite book |url = https://books.google.com/books?id=aY9ImH3Vna8C&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false |title = Eric Shipton: The Six Mountain-Travel Books |first1=Eric |last1=Shipton |first2=Jim |last2=Perrin |year=1997 |publisher=The Mountaineers Books |location= |ISBN =0-89886-539-5 |page= |accessdate = 2010-10-31}}
* {{cite book |title = Xinjiang: China's Muslim Borderland |editor-first = S. Frederick |editor-last = Starr |volume= |edition=illustrated |year=2004 |publisher=M.E. Sharpe |url = https://books.google.com/books?id=GXj4a3gss8wC&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false |ISBN =0765613182 |accessdate = 10 March 2014 |ref = {{harvid||}} }}
* Taipov, Z. T., V Bor'be za Svobodu [In the Struggle for Freedom], (Moscow, Glavnaya Redaktsiya Vostochnoi Literaturi Izdatel'stvo Nauka, 1974).
* {{cite news |last = Tinibai |first = Kenjali |date = May 28, 2010 |title = China and Kazakhstan: A Two-Way Street |url = http://www.businessweek.com/globalbiz/content/may2010/gb20100528_168520.htm |newspaper= Bloomberg Businessweek |page=1 |location= |publisher= |accessdate = 12 May 2014 }}
* {{cite news |last = Tinibai |first = Kenjali |date = 2010-05-28 |title = Kazakhstan and China: A Two-Way Street |url = http://engnews.gazeta.kz/art.asp?aid=308213 |newspaper = Gazeta.kz |page= |location= |publisher= |accessdate = 12 May 2014 }}
* {{cite news |last = Tinibai |first = Kenjali |date = 27 May 2010 |title = Kazakhstan and China: A Two-Way Street |url = http://www.tol.org/client/article/21490-kazakhstan-and-china-a-two-way-street.html |newspaper= Transitions Online |page= |location= |publisher= |accessdate = 12 May 2014 }}
* Wang, D., 'The Xinjiang Question of the 1940s: the Story behind the Sino-Soviet Treaty of August 1945', Asian Studies Review, vol. 21, no.1 (1997) pp.&nbsp;83–105.
* {{cite book |url = https://books.google.com/books?id=XeBxAAAAMAAJ |title = Under the Soviet shadow: the Yining Incident : ethnic conflicts and international rivalry in Xinjiang, 1944-1949 |first = David D. |last = Wang |year=1999 |publisher=The Chinese University Press |location=Hong Kong |page= |ISBN =962-201-831-9 |accessdate = 2011-04-04}}
* {{cite book |title = China and the New International Order |editor1-first = Gungwu |editor1-last = Wang |editor2-first = Yongnian |editor2-last = Zheng |volume= |edition=illustrated |year=2008 |publisher=Taylor & Francis |url = https://books.google.com/books?id=mXXnd81uoMoC&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false |ISBN =0203932269 |accessdate = 9 March 2014 |ref = {{harvid||}} }}
* {{cite book |title = China's War on Terrorism: Counter-Insurgency, Politics and Internal Security |first = Martin I. |last = Wayne |volume= |edition= |year=2007 |publisher=Routledge |url = https://books.google.com/books?id=2ybmWJXjxUYC&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false |ISBN =1134106238 |accessdate = 10 March 2014 |ref = {{harvid||}} }}
* {{cite book |title = China's Post-Jiang Leadership Succession: Problems and Perspectives |editor1-first = John |editor1-last = Wong |editor2-first = Yongnian |editor2-last = Zheng |volume= |edition= |year=2002 |publisher=World Scientific |url = https://books.google.com/books?id=cEdQ1IuJFH4C&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false |ISBN =981270650X |accessdate = 10 March 2014 |ref = {{harvid||}} }}
* 'The USSR and the Establishment of the Eastern Turkestan Republic in Xinjiang', Journal of Institute of Modern History, Academia Sinica, vol.25 (1996) pp.&nbsp;337–378.
* Yakovlev, A. G., 'K Voprosy o Natsional’no-Osvoboditel’nom Dvizhenii Norodov Sin’tzyana v 1944–1949', [Question on the National Liberation Movement of the Peoples in Xinjiang in 1944–1945], in Uchenie Zapiski Instituta Voctokovedeniia Kitaiskii Spornik vol.xi, (1955) pp.&nbsp;155–188.
* Wang, David D. Under the Soviet shadow: the Yining Incident: ethnic conflicts and international rivalry in Xinjiang, 1944–1949. Hong Kong: The Chinese University Press, 1999.
* Wang, David D.《Clouds over Tianshan: essays on social disturbance in Xinjiang in the 1940s》Copenhagen: NIAS, 1999.
* Benson, Linda, ''The Ili Rebellion: The Moslem challenge to Chinese authority in Xinjiang, 1944–1949'', Armonk, New York: M. E. Sharpe, 1990. {{ISBN|0-87332-509-5}}.
* James A. Millward and Nabijan Tursun, "Political History and Strategies of Control, 1884–1978" in ''Xinjiang: China's Muslim Borderland''. {{ISBN|0-7656-1318-2}}.
* {{cite news |title = Sinkiang Truce Follows Bombings Of Chinese in 'Far West' Revolt; Chungking General Negotiates With Moslem Kazakhs--Red-Star Planes Are Traced to Earlier Soviet Supply in Area |author=Wireless to THE NEW YORK TIMES |newspaper=THE NEW YORK TIMES |date = 22 October 1945 |page=2 |url = http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F70E10F63F5C10728DDDAB0A94D8415B8588F1D3}}
* {{cite news |title = New Republic |author= |newspaper=The Sydney Morning Herald |date = Oct 2, 1949 |page=4 |url = https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=DYsQAAAAIBAJ&sjid=F5MDAAAAIBAJ&pg=1787,241266&hl=en}}
* {{cite news |author= UPI |date = Sep 22, 1981 |title = Radio war aims at China Moslems |url = https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1946&dat=19810922&id=3oAxAAAAIBAJ&sjid=9KQFAAAAIBAJ&pg=5348,448513 |newspaper = The Montreal Gazette |page = 11 |location= |publisher= |accessdate = 12 May 2014 }}
* 徐玉圻 主编, 《新疆三区革命史》, 民族出版社, 1998.
* 厉声 主编, 《中国新疆历史与现状》, 人民出版社, 2003.
{{refend}}
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