Kesejarahan Yesus: Perbedaan antara revisi

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The historical reliability of the gospels refers to the reliability and historic character of the [[Canonical Gospels|four New Testament gospels]] as historical documents. Little in the four [[Gospel#Canonical gospels|canonical gospels]] is considered to be historically reliable.<ref>Craig Evans, "Life-of-Jesus Research and the Eclipse of Mythology," Theological Studies 54 (1993) p. 5</ref><ref name="Charles H. Talbert pg 42">Charles H. Talbert, What Is a Gospel? The Genre of Canonical Gospels pg 42 (Philadelphia: Fortress Press, 1977).</ref><ref name="Jesus 1995">“The Historical Figure of Jesus," Sanders, E.P., Penguin Books: London, 1995, p. 3.</ref><ref name="ReferenceC">Fire of Mercy, Heart of the Word (Vol. II): Meditations on the Gospel According to St. Matthew – Dr Erasmo Leiva-Merikakis, Ignatius Press, Introduction</ref><ref name="religion-online.org">{{Cite web | last=Grant | first=Robert M. | title=A Historical Introduction to the New Testament (Harper and Row, 1963) | url=http://www.religion-online.org/showchapter.asp?title=1116&C=1230 | website=Religion-Online.org | access-date= | deadurl=yes | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100621102923/http://religion-online.org/showchapter.asp?title=1116&C=1230 | archivedate=21 June 2010 | df=dmy-all }}</ref>-->
 
Para sarjana bidang sejarah kuno umumnya setuju bahwa Yesus pernah ada,<ref name=Ehrman285>Dalam ulasan tahun 2011 mengenai keadaan kesarjanaan modern, [[Bart Ehrman]] (seorang agnostik sekuler) menulis: "Ia pasti pernah ada, sebagaimana umumnya setiap sarjana bidang sejarah kuno yang kompeten, Kristen atau non-Kristen, setuju" B. Ehrman, 2011 ''Forged : writing in the name of God'' {{ISBN|978-0-06-207863-6}}. p. 285</ref><ref>[[Robert M. Price]] (a Christian atheist) who denies the existence of Jesus agrees that this perspective runs against the views of the majority of scholars: Robert M. Price "Jesus at the Vanishing Point" in ''The Historical Jesus: Five Views'' edited by James K. Beilby & Paul Rhodes Eddy, 2009 InterVarsity, {{ISBN|0830838686}} p. 61</ref><ref name="Grantmajority">[[:en:Michael Grant (authorwriter)|Michael Grant]] (aseorang yang mendalami [[classicistklasika]]) statesmenyatakan thatbahwa, "InDalam beberapa recenttahun yearsterakhir, 'notidak seriousada scholarakademisi hasyang venturedserius tomemberanikan postulatediri theuntuk nonmendalilkan historicitynon ofhistoristias JesusYesus' oratau atpada anytingkatan rateyang verysangat fewsedikit, anddan theymereka havebelum notberhasil succeededmenyingkirkan inbukti-bukti disposingyang ofjauh thelebih much strongerkuat, indeedyang verymemang abundant,sangat evidenceberlimpah, tountuk themenyatakan contrarysebaliknya." indalam ''Jesus'' by Michael Grant 2004 {{ISBN|1898799881}} p. 200</ref><ref name=Burridge34>''Jesus Now and Then'' by Richard A. Burridge and Graham Gould (April 1, 2004) {{ISBN|0802809774}} p. 34</ref><!--Note that this is a different statement with a different qualifier from the existence statement--> tetapi para sarjana berbeda pendapat mengenai historisitas episode-episode tertentu kehidupan Yesus yang dicatat di dalam Alkitab.<ref name="MAPowell168"/>{{rp|181}}<!-- The only two events subject to "almost universal assent" are that [[Baptism of Jesus|Jesus was baptized]] by [[John the Baptist]] and that, between one and three years later, he [[Crucifixion of Jesus|was crucified]] by the order of the Roman Prefect Pontius Pilate.<ref name="Hertzog1"/><ref name=JDunn339 /><ref name="autogenerated145" /> Elements whose historical authenticity are disputed include the two accounts of the [[nativity of Jesus]], the [[miracles of Jesus|miraculous events]] including [[Miracles of Jesus|turning water into wine, walking on water]] and the [[Resurrection of Jesus|resurrection]], and certain details about the crucifixion.<ref>Who is Jesus? Answers to your questions about the historical Jesus, by John Dominic Crossan, Richard G. Watts (Westminster John Knox Press 1999), p. 108</ref><ref>James G. D. Dunn, ''Jesus Remembered'', (Eerdmans, 2003) pp. 779–781.</ref><ref>Rev. John Edmunds, 1855 ''The Seven Sayings of Christ on the Cross''. Thomas Hatchford Publishers, London, p. 26</ref><ref name="Staggs">Stagg, Evelyn and Frank. ''Woman in the World of Jesus.'' Philadelphia: Westminster Press, 1978 {{ISBN|0-664-24195-6}}</ref><ref name = "ActJTomb">[[Robert W. Funk|Funk, Robert W.]] and the [[Jesus Seminar]]. ''The acts of Jesus: the search for the authentic deeds of Jesus.'' HarperSanFrancisco. 1998. "Empty Tomb, Appearances & Ascension" pp. 449–495.</ref><ref>[[Bruce M. Metzger]]'s ''Textual Commentary on the Greek New Testament'': {{Bibleref2|Luke|24:51}} is missing in some important early witnesses, {{Bibleref2|Acts|1}} varies between the [[Alexandrian text-type|Alexandrian]] and [[Western text-type|Western versions]].</ref>
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Kitab-kitab [[Injil Sinoptik]] adalah sumber utama informasi sejarah mengenai Yesus dan gerakan agamawi yang didirikan-Nya.<ref name="Sanders"/><ref>{{Cite web | quote=The Synoptic Gospels, then, are the primary sources for knowledge of the historical Jesus | title=Jesus Christ | work=Encyclopædia Britannica. 2010. Encyclopædia Britannica Online | access-date=27 November 2010 | url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Jesus}}</ref><ref name="Vermes">Vermes, Geza. The authentic gospel of Jesus. London, Penguin Books. 2004.</ref> Kitab-kitab Injil agamawi ini – [[Injil Matius]], [[Injil Markus]], dan [[Injil Lukas]]– mencatat [[:en:Life of Jesus|kehidupan]], [[:en:Ministry of Jesus|pelayanan]], [[Penyaliban Yesus|penyaliban]] dan [[Kebangkitan Yesus|kebangkitan]] seorang Yahudi bernama [[Yesus]] yang berbicara dalam [[bahasa Aram]].<!-- Ada berbagai hipotesis mengenai asal usul teks-teks ini karena kitab-kitab Injil [[Perjanjian Baru]] [[:en:Language of the New Testament|ditulis dalam bahasa Yunani]] untuk [[:en:Early centers of Christianity|komunitas berbahasa Yunani]],<ref>Mark Allan Powell (editor), ''The New Testament Today'', p. 50 (Westminster John Knox Press, 1999). {{ISBN|0-664-25824-7}}</ref> dan kemudian diterjemahkan ke dalam [[bahasa Suryani]], [[bahasa Latin|Latin]], dan [[bahasa Koptik|Koptik]].<ref>Stanley E. Porter (editor), ''Handbook to Exegesis of the New Testament'', p. 68 (Leiden, 1997). {{ISBN|90-04-09921-2}}</ref>