Senusret III: Perbedaan antara revisi

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| prenomen_hiero=
| Prenomen=Khakhaure<br>''{{Unicode|Ḫˁj-k3w-Rˁ}}''<br>''[[Ancient Egyptian concept of the soul#Ka|Kas]] dari [[Ra]] telah muncul''<br><hiero>M23:t-L2:t-<-ra-N28-D28*D28:D28-></hiero>
| Reign=1878 &ndash; 1839 SM
| Predecessor=[[Senusret II]]
| Successor=[[Amenemhat III]]
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== Tindakan ==
 
Senusret III membersihkan kanal sehingga dapat dilalui kapal sampai katarak pertama.<ref>J. H. Breasted, ''[[Ancient Records of Egypt]]'', Part One, Chicago 1906, &sect;&sect;§§642-648</ref> (Ini tampaknya berbeda dengan [[Canal of the Pharaohs]], yang juga dibangun oleh Senusret III). Ia juga tak henti-hentinya mengupayakan ekspansi kerajaan ke arah [[Nubia]] (dari tahun 1866 sampai 1863 SM) di mana ia mendirikan sejumlah benteng kuat di tepi sungai termasuk untuk [[Buhen]], [[Semna (Nubia)|Semna]] dan [[Toshka]] di [[Uronarti]].
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He carried out at least four major campaigns into Nubia in his Year 8, 10, 16 and 19 respectively.<ref>J. H. Breasted, ''Ancient Records of Egypt'', Part One, Chicago 1906, &sect;&sect;§§640-673</ref> His Year 8 stela at Semna documents his victories against the Nubians through which he is thought to have made safe the southern frontier, preventing further incursions into Egypt.<ref>J.H. Breasted, &sect;§652</ref> Another great [[stele|stela]] from Semna dated to the third month of Year 16 of his reign mentions his [[military]] activities against both [[Nubia]] and [[Canaan]]. In it, he admonished his future successors to maintain the new border which he had created:
 
{{cquote|Year 16, third month of winter: the king made his southern boundary at Heh. I have made my boundary further south than my fathers. I have added to what was bequeathed me. (...) As for any son (ie. successor) of mine who shall maintain this border which my Majesty has made, he is my son born to my Majesty. The true son is he who champions his father, who guards the border of his begetter. But he [who] abandons it, who fails to fight for it, he is not my son, he was not born to me. Now my majesty has had an image made of my majesty, at this border which my majesty has made, in order that you maintain it, in order that you fight for it.<ref>Miriam Lichtheim, Ancient Egyptian literature: a Book of Readings, Berkeley CA, University of California Press, 1973. pp.119-120</ref>}}
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[[Piramida]]nya di gaun di [[Dahshur]].<ref>Katheryn A. Bard, ''Encyclopedia of the Archaeology of Ancient Egypt'', Routledge 1999, p.107</ref> Sebuah naskah [[papirus]] yang sekarang disimpan di [[Berlin]] Museum memuat Tahun 20 pemerintahannya sama dengan Tahun 1 pemerintahan putranya [[Amenemhat III]]. Ini berarti bahwa ia mulai menjadi raja bersama dengan putranya sejak tahun itu. Menurut [[Josef W. Wegner]], ada sebuah catatan kontrol dengan Tahun 39 ditemukan pada sebuah blok batu kapur<!--:
 
{{cquote|...a securely defined deposit of construction debris produced from the building of the Senwosret III mortuary temple. The fragment itself is part of the remnants of the temple construction. This deposit provides evidence for the date of construction of the mortuary temple of Senwosret III at Abydos.<ref>Josef Wegner, ''The Nature and Chronology of the Senwosret III&ndash;AmenemhatIII–Amenemhat III Regnal Succession: Some Considerations based on new evidence from the Mortuary Temple of Senwosret III at Abydos'', JNES 55, Vol.4, (1996), pp.251</ref>}}
Wegner stresses that it is unlikely that Amenemhet III, Senusret's son and successor, would still be working on his father's temple nearly 4 decades into his own reign. He notes that the only possible solution for the block's existence here is that Senusret III had a 39-year reign, with the final 20 years in [[coregency]] with his son [[Amenemhet III]]. Since the project was associated with a project of Senusret III, his Regnal Year was presumably used to date the block, rather than Year 20 of Amenemhet III. This implies that Senusret was still alive in the first two decades of his son's reign.
 
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== Pustaka ==
* W. Grajetzki, ''The Middle Kingdom of Ancient Egypt: History,Archaeology and Society'', Duckworth, London 2006 ISBN 0-7156-3435-6, 51-58
* Josef Wegner, The Nature and Chronology of the Senwosret III&ndash;AmenemhatIII–Amenemhat III Regnal Succession: Some Considerations based on new evidence from the Mortuary Temple of Senwosret III at Abydos, JNES 55, Vol.4, (1996), pp.&nbsp;249–279
 
== Pranala luar ==