Dinasti Ayyubiyah: Perbedaan antara revisi
Konten dihapus Konten ditambahkan
Hanamanteo (bicara | kontrib) k perbaiki |
k Bot: Perubahan kosmetika |
||
Baris 64:
=== Pendirian di Mesir ===
[[Berkas:Portrait_of_Saladin_(before_A.D._1185;_short).jpg|
Pada tahun 1164, Syirkuh ditugaskan oleh [[Nuruddin Zanki]] untuk memimpin pasukan ke Mesir agar [[Tentara Salib]] tidak dapat memperkuat pengaruhnya di wilayah yang sedang dilanda kekacauan tersebut. Syirkuh mengangkat anak laki-laki Ayyub, [[Salahuddin Ayyubi|Salahuddin]], sebagai seorang perwira yang tunduk kepadanya.<ref name="Shillington438">{{harvnb|Shillington|2005|p=438}}</ref> Mereka berhasil mengusir Wazir Dirgham dan mengembalikan wazir Mesir yang sebelumnya, [[Shawar|Syawar]], ke tampuk kekuasaan. Syawar kemudian memerintahkan agar Syirkuh dan pasukannya mundur dari Mesir, tetapi Syirkuh menolak dan mengklaim bahwa Nuruddin ingin agar ia tetap berada di sana.<ref name="LyonsJackson8">{{harvnb|Lyons|Jackson|1982|p=8}}</ref> Dalam kurun waktu beberapa tahun, Syirkuh dan Salahuddin berhasil mengalahkan pasukan gabungan Tentara Salib dan Syawar, mula-mula di [[Bilbais]] dan kemudian di sebuah tempat di dekat [[Giza]]. Salahuddin sendiri ditugaskan untuk mempertahankan kota [[Iskandariyah]] ketika Syirkuh sedang mengejar Tentara Salib di [[Mesir Hilir]].<ref name="LyonsJackson14">{{harvnb|Lyons|Jackson|1982|p=14}}</ref>
Baris 307:
* {{Citation|title=Ayyubids |publisher=Encyclopedia Iranica
|url=http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/ayyubids |first=Stephen |last=Humphreys |date=15 December 1987}}
* {{Citation|title=Women as Patrons of Religious Architecture in Ayyubid Damascus |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/1523208?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents |last1=Humphreys |first1=Stephen |journal=Muqarnas |year=1994 |volume=11 |pages=35-54 |accessdate=21 November 2018}}
* {{Citation|title=Islamic Law and the State|url=https://books.google.com/?id=M2kFQqLyqSEC&printsec=frontcover&dq=Islamic+Law+and+the+State|first1=Sherman A.|last1=Jackson|publisher=BRILL|year=1996|isbn=90-04-10458-5}}
* {{Citation|last= Lane-Poole |first= Stanley |authorlink= Stanley Lane-Poole |title= Saladin and the Fall of the Kingdom of Jerusalem |publisher= [[G. P. Putnam's Sons]] |location= London |year= 1906 |series= Heroes of the Nations |url= https://books.google.com/?id=M7pIVpjuyw0C |ref= CITEREFLane-Poole1906 }}
Baris 315:
* {{Citation|last1=Lyons |first1=M. C.| last2=Jackson |first2=D.E.P. |year= 1982 |url= https://books.google.com/?id=hGR5M0druJIC |title= Saladin: the Politics of the Holy War |publisher= [[Cambridge University Press]] |isbn= 978-0-521-31739-9 }}
* {{Citation|title=Dictionary of World Biography: The Middle Ages|volume=2|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CurSh3Sh_KMC&dq=Saladin+spoke+Arabic&source=gbs_navlinks_s|first1=Frank Northen|last1=Magill|publisher=Routledge|year=1998|isbn=1579580416}}
* {{Citation|title=Jerusalem: Points of Friction - And Beyond|last1=Ma'oz|first1=Moshe|last2=Nusseibeh|first2=Sari|year=2000|publisher=Brill|isbn=978-90-41-18843-4|ref={{sfnref|Ma'oz & Nusseibeh|2000}}}}
* {{Citation|title=Aden & the Indian Ocean trade: 150 years in the life of a medieval Arabian port|url=https://books.google.com/?id=z3jfRTRxPOUC&pg=PA25&dq=Aden+and+the+Indian+Ocean|first1=Roxani Eleni|last1=Margariti|year=2007|publisher=UNC Press|isbn=0-8078-3076-3}}
* {{Citation|title=Yemen: The Bradt Travel Guide
|url=https://books.google.com/?id=eQvhZaEVzjcC&pg=PA131&dq=Ta'izz+Yemen+Ayyubid#v=onepage&q&f=false|first1=Daniel|last1=McLaughlin|year=2008|publisher=Bradt Travel Guides|isbn=1-84162-212-5}}
* {{Citation|title=Medieval Islamic civilization: An Encyclopedia|url=https://books.google.com/?id=LaV-IGZ8VKIC|first1=Josef W.|last1=Meri|first2=Jeri L.|last2=Bacharach|year=2006|publisher=Taylor and Francis|isbn=0-415-96691-4}}
* {{Citation|title=Dictionary of Islamic Architecture
|url=https://books.google.at/books?id=Kl2WlM-b_KcC&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=snippet&q=ayyubids&f=false|last1=Petersen|first1=Andrew|year=1996|publisher=Routledge|isbn=0415060842 }}
* {{Citation|title=The Crusades, c. 1071–c. 1291|url=https://books.google.com/?id=KszvJSv7t30C&printsec=frontcover&dq=The+Crusades+1071|first1=Jean|last1=Richard|first2=Jean|last2=Birrell|year=1999|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=0-521-62566-1}}
|