Inkulturasi (Katolik): Perbedaan antara revisi

Saat [[Pope Pius IX]] and [[Pope Pius X]] tended to be slightly more Latin oriented, [[Benedict XV]] was especially concerned with the development of missionary activities, which had suffered so much during [[World War One]]. Inculturation meant to him first of all the development of domestic clergy. On November 20, 1919, he appealed to the Catholics of the world, to support missions and especially the development of local clergy, favouring a de-Europeanization of the Catholic missions . <ref>Franzen 382</ref> [[Pope Pius XI]] followed suit, by promoting local clergy, the local cultures are better recognized. To this end he held an mission congress in Rome in 1922 and personally consecrated each year bishops from Asia, Africa and Latin America. <ref>Franzen 385</ref> At his death 240 dioceses and administrations were in the hands of domestic bishops.

pada tahun 1939 [[Pope Pius XII]], within weeks of his coronation, radically [[Pope Pius XII and the Church in China|reverted the 250 year old Vatican policy]] and permitted the veneration of dead family members in [[China]]. <ref>Franzen 324</ref>

The [[December 8]] [[1939]] isuance from the [[Sacred Congregation for the Propagation of the Faith]] issued at the request of Pius XII stated that Chinese customs were no longer considered superstitious but rather an honourable way of esteeming one's relatives, and therefore permitted by Catholics.<ref> J Smit,Pope Pius XII, New York 1950 pp. 186-187</ref>The Church began to flourish again with twenty new arch-dioceses, seventy-nine dioceses and thirty-eight apostolic prefects, but only until 1949, when the Communist revolution took over the country. <ref>Franzen 325</ref>

The introduction of the Gospel means inculturation and not the destruction of local cultures. Pius emphasized this because not all seemed to understand this point. He wrote in [[Summi Pontificatus]] that a deeper appreciations into the various civilizations and their good qualities are necessary to the preaching of the Gospel of Christ. <ref>Evangelii 56</ref> And in his 1944 speech to the directors of the Pontifical Missionary Society, he said:

* The herald of the Gospel and messenger of Christ is an apostle. His office does not demand that he transplant European civilization and culture, and no other, to foreign soil, there to take root and propagate itself. His task in dealing with these peoples, who sometimes boast of a very old and highly developed culture of their own, is to teach and form them so that they are ready to accept willingly and in a practical manner the principles of Christian life and morality; principles, I might add, that fit into any culture, provided it be good and sound, and which give that culture greater force in safeguarding human dignity and in gaining human happiness. <ref>Evangelii 60</ref>

Inculturation was addressed in his encyclicals. ''[[Evangelii Praecones]]'' and ''[[Fidei Donum]]'', issued on June 2, 1951 and April 21, 1957, respectively, increased the local decision-making of Catholic missions, many of which became independent dioceses. Pius XII demanded recognition of local cultures as fully equal to European culture. <ref>Audience for the directors of mission activities in 1944 A.A.S., 1944, p. 208.</ref><ref>''[[Evangelii Praecones]]''. p. 56.</ref> Continuing the line of his predecessors, Pius XII supported the establishment of local administration in Church affairs: in 1950, the hierarchy of Western Africa became independent; in 1951, Southern Africa; and in 1953, British Eastern Africa. Finland, Burma and French Africa became independent dioceses in 1955.