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[[File:Frog on palm frond.jpg|thumb|Sebuah foto stok [[domain publik]] berjudul "katak di daun palem."]]
'''Fotografi stok''' adalah suplai [[foto]] yang sering dilisensikan untuk pemakaian-pemakaian spesifik.
'''Fotografi stok''' adalah suplai [[foto]] yang sering dilisensikan untuk pemakaian-pemakaian spesifik.<ref name="fbookonstockphotography"/> Industri foto stok, yang dimulai pada 1920an,<ref name="fbookonstockphotography"/> telah menghimpun model-model yang meliputi fotografi makrostok tradisional,<ref name="imacrostock"/> fotografi midstok,<ref name="hgrunbaum"/> dan [[fotografi mikrostok]].<ref name="NYT-06-05-07"/> Agensi-agensi stok konvensional menentapkan harga dari beberapa ratus sampai beberapa ribu [[dolar Amerika Serikat]] per gambar, sementara fotografi mikrostok dapat dijual sekitar USD 25 sen.<ref name="NYT-06-05-07"/> Para fotografer stok profesional biasanya menempatkan gambar-gambar mereka ke sebuah atau sejumlah agensi stok atas dasar kontrak<ref name="fbookonstockphotography"/> sementara agensi-agensi stok dapat menerima foto-foto berkualitas tinggi dari para fotografer amatir melalui tawaran daring.<ref name="lstockphoto"/>
<ref name="fbookonstockphotography">
 
==Referensi==
{{reflist|refs=
 
<ref name="cfotoliaacquired">
{{cite news
| title =The Focal Encyclopedia of Photography: Digital Imaging, Theory and Applications, History, and Science
| title =Adobe to buy stock-photo web company Fotolia for $800 million
| first =TessMichael
| last =StynesR. Peres
| url =https://books.google.com/books?id=VYyldcYfq3MC&pg=PA351&lpg=PA351&dq=history+of+stock+photo+agencies&source=bl&ots=s_sexzSk1Q&sig=rXYciccSubalHlz2mk4f1UrYw3A&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwik6o72-OnNAhUW0mMKHR5vAVg4FBDoAQhjMAk#v=onepage&q=history%20of%20stock%20photo%20agencies&f=false
| url =http://www.marketwatch.com/story/adobe-to-buy-stock-photo-web-company-fotolia-for-800-million-2014-12-11
| newspaper =
| publisher =MarketWatch[[Taylor & Francis]]
| date =December 11, 20142007
| accessdate = 2016-0703-1514
}} page 351</ref> Industri foto stok, yang dimulai pada 1920an,<ref name="fbookonstockphotography"/> telah menghimpun model-model yang meliputi fotografi makrostok tradisional,<ref name="imacrostock">
}}</ref>
 
<ref name="shutterstock-ipo">{{Cite web|url=http://www.shutterstock.com/blog/2012/10/shutterstock-celebrates-at-the-new-york-stock-exchange/|title=Shutterstock Announces Closing of Initial Public Offering and Exercise of Underwriters' Option to Purchase Additional Shares|publisher=Shutterstock|date=2012-10-16|accessdate=2013-01-18}}</ref>
 
<ref name="about">{{cite web|url=http://www.canstockphoto.com/about.php|title=About Can Stock Photo|publisher=Can Stock Photo|accessdate=2015-08-28}}</ref>
 
<ref name="news:new_approach">{{cite news |title=New Approach Brings Down Picture Buying Costs |first= |last= |url=http://www.creativematch.com/news/new-approach-brings-down-picture/91181/ |newspaper=creativematch |date=16 June 2005 |accessdate=21 March 2012}}</ref>
 
<ref name="news:picture_perfect">{{cite news |title=fotoLibra gets it picture perfect |first=Khan |last=Basheera |url=http://www.itwales.com/998726.htm |newspaper=i.t.wales |date=9 June 2004 |accessdate=21 March 2012 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120206003255/http://www.itwales.com/998726.htm |archivedate=6 February 2012 |df= }}</ref>
<ref name="Smart Money 02-04-2009">[http://www.smartmoney.com/Spending/Technology/Small-Business-How-to-Beat-a-Goliath/ "Small Business: How to Beat a Goliath"] [[SmartMoney]], February 2, 2009 {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100702051634/http://www.smartmoney.com/Spending/Technology/Small-Business-How-to-Beat-a-Goliath/ |date=July 2, 2010 }}</ref>
<ref name="Forbes-10-28-2013">Steven Bertoni, [https://www.forbes.com/sites/stevenbertoni/2013/10/09/silicon-alleys-first-billionaire-aims-to-dominate-images-on-web/ "Silicon Alley's First Billionaire Aims To Dominate Images On Web"], ''[[Forbes]]'', October 28, 2013</ref>
<ref name="ah-goodbye">{{cite news | url = http://www.americanheritage.com/content/goodbye-all | title = Goodbye To All That | first = Richard F. | last = Snow | page = 5 | work = [[American Heritage (magazine)|American Heritage]] |date=May 2001 | volume = 52 | issue = 3 | publisher = American Heritage Publishing Company | location = New York City }}</ref>
 
<ref name="journalfilmquarl">{{cite journal | date = Winter 1959 | title = Film Quarterly | volume = 13 | issue = 2 | page = 8}}</ref>
 
<ref name="photodisconline">{{cite news|url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-17959266.html|title=Image is everything.(West Stock and PhotoDisc introduce Web sites) (Internet Watch) (Company Business and Marketing)(Brief Article)|last=Crotty|first=Cameron|date=February 1, 1996 |work=Macworld |accessdate=2008-10-06}}{{dead link|date=February 2019|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>
 
<ref name="image-ethics">{{cite book|last=Gross|first=Larry P.|author2=Katz, John Stuart |author3=Ruby, Jay |title=Image ethics in the digital age|publisher=[[University of Minnesota Press]]|year=2003|isbn=978-0-8166-3824-6}}</ref>
<ref name="imagiseverything">[http://www.businessweek.com/bwdaily/dnflash/september/nf70917b.htm ''The Getty-PhotoDisc Deal: Image is Everything'' - Business Week]</ref>
<ref name="page8MichaelHeron">{{cite book | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=BJwM-7b0FVIC&pg=PA5#PPA8,M1 | page = 8 | title = Digital Stock Photography: How to Shoot and Sell | first = Michal | last = Heron | publisher = Allworth Communications | year = 2007 | isbn = 978-1-58115-484-9 }}</ref>
 
<ref name = Howto16>{{cite book | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=ihjxHk9kLbgC&pg=PA13#PPA16,M1 | page = 16 | title = How to Shoot Stock Photos That Sell | first = Michal | last = Heron | edition = 3rd | publisher = Allworth Communications | year = 2001 | isbn = 978-1-58115-087-2 }}</ref>
 
<ref name="CNN Money">{{cite news|last=Levine|first=Robert|title=Photo wars: A $2 billion business gets rough|url=http://money.cnn.com/magazines/business2/business2_archive/2007/04/01/8403372/index.htm?postversion=2007040409|accessdate=July 19, 2012|newspaper=[[CNN Money]]|date=April 4, 2007}}</ref>
<ref name="Microstock Insider">{{cite news|last=Gibson|first=Steve|title=Dreamstime Site Review|url=http://microstockinsider.com/site_reviews/dreamstime|accessdate=July 19, 2012|newspaper=Microstock Insider|date=April 13, 2008}}</ref>
<ref name="shuttingscoopt">{{cite news |title=Getty shutting Scoopt citizen journalism photo site to focus on core business |date=February 4, 2009 |url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/pda/2009/feb/04/citizenmedia-photography |work=The Guardian (U.K.)}}</ref>
 
<ref name="hulton_archive">{{cite web
|url=http://hultongetty.com/ixbin/hixclient.exe?_IXDB_=hulton&_IXSESSION_=&search-form=about.html&submit-button=search
|title=About Hulton Archive
|year=2001
|publisher=Hulton Archive
|accessdate=2009-08-14
|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20011021133300/http://hultongetty.com/ixbin/hixclient.exe?_IXDB_=hulton&_IXSESSION_=&search-form=about.html&submit-button=search
|archivedate=2001-10-21
}} (archived on the Web Archive)</ref>
<ref name="aforhtemost">
{{cite news
| title =New Software Sifts Photos for the Most Clickable
| first =Elizabeth
| last =Dwoskin
| url =https://www.wsj.com/articles/new-software-sifts-the-tide-of-online-images-1443722371
| newspaper =[[Wall Street Journal]]
| publisher =
| date =October 1, 2015
| accessdate = 2016-07-15
}}</ref>
<ref name="kpopsi">
{{cite news
| title =Shutterstock Has Trained A Computer To Find You The Perfect Photos
| first = Alexandra
| last =Ossola
| url =http://www.popsci.com/shutterstock-is-visualizing-images-in-whole-new-way
| newspaper =[[Popular Science]]
| publisher =
| date =March 10, 2016
| accessdate = 2016-06-15
}}</ref>
<ref name="bestentrej">
{{cite news
| title =How Shutterstock Is Training Its System to Help You Find Better Photos
| first =Nina
| last =Zipkin
| url =https://www.entrepreneur.com/article/272281
| newspaper =[[Entrepreneur (magazine)|Entrepreneur]]
| publisher =
| date =March 10, 2016
| accessdate = 2016-06-15
}}</ref>
<ref name="ST-05-28-07">Kim Peterson, [http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/businesstechnology/2003724590_istockphoto28.html "Microstock photography represents a new business model"], ''[[Seattle Times]]'', May 28, 2007</ref>
 
<ref name="getty-feb">{{cite web |url=http://company.gettyimages.com/article_display.cfm?article_id=192&isource=corporate_website_ind_press_release |title=Jupitermedia Announces Completion Of Sale Of Jupiterimages To Getty Images and Change Of Jupitermedia Name to WebMediaBrands |publisher=Getty Images |date=2009-02-23 |accessdate=2009-08-13 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090228031805/http://company.gettyimages.com/article_display.cfm?article_id=192&isource=corporate_website_ind_press_release |archivedate=2009-02-28 |df= }}</ref>
 
<ref name="reuters-jupiter">{{cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/internetNews/idUSTRE49M50420081023|title=Jupitermedia to sell online image unit to Getty|date=2008-10-23|publisher=Reuters|accessdate=2009-08-14 | first=Savio | last=D'Souza}}</ref>
<ref name="gmorethanapage">
{{cite news
| title =With Covers, Publishers Take More Than Page From Rivals
| first =Andrew
| last =Adam Newman
| url =https://www.nytimes.com/2005/07/07/books/with-covers-publishers-take-more-than-page-from-rivals.html?_r=0
| newspaper =[[The New York Times]]
| publisher =
| date =July 7, 2005
| accessdate = 2016-07-15
}}</ref>
<ref name="imacrostock">
{{cite news
| title = Traditional Stock Agencies
Baris 108 ⟶ 19:
| date =
| accessdate = 2016-03-14
}}</ref> fotografi midstok,<ref name="hgrunbaum">
}}</ref>
<ref name="NYT-06-05-07">Eric A. Taub, [https://www.nytimes.com/2007/06/05/technology/circuits/05syndicate.html?em&ex=1181188800&en=687225a44f80273c&ei=5087%0A "When Are Photos Like Penny Stocks? When They Sell"], ''New York Times'', June 5, 2007</ref>
 
<ref name="hgrunbaum">
{{cite news
| title =Co-founder of Getty Images steps down as CEO
Baris 121 ⟶ 29:
| date =March 13, 2015
| accessdate = 2016-07-15
}}</ref> dan [[fotografi mikrostok]].<ref name="NYT-06-05-07">Eric A. Taub, [https://www.nytimes.com/2007/06/05/technology/circuits/05syndicate.html?em&ex=1181188800&en=687225a44f80273c&ei=5087%0A "When Are Photos Like Penny Stocks? When They Sell"], ''New York Times'', June 5, 2007</ref> Agensi-agensi stok konvensional menentapkan harga dari beberapa ratus sampai beberapa ribu [[dolar Amerika Serikat]] per gambar, sementara fotografi mikrostok dapat dijual sekitar USD 25 sen.<ref name="NYT-06-05-07"/> Para fotografer stok profesional biasanya menempatkan gambar-gambar mereka ke sebuah atau sejumlah agensi stok atas dasar kontrak<ref name="fbookonstockphotography"/> sementara agensi-agensi stok dapat menerima foto-foto berkualitas tinggi dari para fotografer amatir melalui tawaran daring.
}}</ref>
 
==Referensi==
<ref name="getty">[http://corporate.gettyimages.com/masters2/conservation/articles/HAHistory.pdf Hulton|Archive – History in Pictures] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130527044717/http://corporate.gettyimages.com/masters2/conservation/articles/HAHistory.pdf |date=2013-05-27 }} History of ''Picture Post'' by the Archive Curator Sarah McDonald, 15/10/04. Accessed March 2008</ref>
{{reflist}}
<ref name = Howto13>{{cite book | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=ihjxHk9kLbgC&pg=PA13#PPA12,M1 | page = 13 | title = How to Shoot Stock Photos That Sell | first = Michal | last = Heron | edition = 3rd | publisher = Allworth Communications | year = 2001 | isbn = 978-1-58115-087-2 }}</ref>
<ref name="Boyle 2008 38">{{Cite book|last=Boyle|first=Jnu ble Zdrf pacanaiames|title=The Public Domain: Enclosing the Commons of the Mind|publisher=CSPD|year=2008|page=38|url=https://www.google.com/books?id=Fn1Pl9Gv_EMC&dq=public+domain&source=gbs_navlinks_s |isbn=978-0-300-13740-8}}</ref>
 
<ref name="Graber 2008 173">{{Cite book |last=Graber |first=Christoph B. |last2=Nenova |first2=Mira B. |title=Intellectual Property and Traditional Cultural Expressions in a Digital Environment |publisher=[[Edward Elgar Publishing]] |year=2008| page=173 |url=https://www.google.com/books?id=gK6OI0hrANsC&dq=%22public+domain%22+intellectual+property&lr=&as_brr=3&source=gbs_navlinks_s|isbn=978-1-84720-921-4}}</ref>
<ref name="dalamaybrief">
{{cite news
| title =A Brief History of Stock Photography
| url =http://www.alamy.com/blog/a-brief-history-of-stock-photography
| publisher =alamy.com
| date =June 16, 2015
| accessdate = 2016-03-14
}}</ref>
 
<ref name="microstockfocalenc">{{Cite book| last = Peres| first = Michael R| title = The Focal encyclopaedia of photography: digital imaging, theory and applications, history, and science| publisher = Focal Press| date = 2007| pages = 352| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=VYyldcYfq3MC&dq=%22rights+managed%22+license&source=gbs_navlinks_s| isbn = 978-0-240-80740-9}}</ref>
<ref name="fbookonstockphotography">
{{cite news
| title =The Focal Encyclopedia of Photography: Digital Imaging, Theory and Applications, History, and Science
| first =Michael
| last =R. Peres
| url =https://books.google.com/books?id=VYyldcYfq3MC&pg=PA351&lpg=PA351&dq=history+of+stock+photo+agencies&source=bl&ots=s_sexzSk1Q&sig=rXYciccSubalHlz2mk4f1UrYw3A&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwik6o72-OnNAhUW0mMKHR5vAVg4FBDoAQhjMAk#v=onepage&q=history%20of%20stock%20photo%20agencies&f=false
| newspaper =
| publisher =[[Taylor & Francis]]
| date =2007
| accessdate = 2016-03-14
}} page 351</ref>
 
<ref name="focalgoogle353">{{Cite book| last = Peres| first = Michael R| title = The Focal encyclopaedia of photography: digital imaging, theory and applications, history, and science| publisher = Focal Press| year = 2007| pages = 352–353| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=VYyldcYfq3MC&dq=%22rights+managed%22+license&source=gbs_navlinks_s| isbn = 978-0-240-80740-9}}</ref>
 
}}
 
== Bacaan tambahan ==
Diperoleh dari "https://wiki-indonesia.club/wiki/Fotografi_stok"