'''RDS-1''' (({{lang-ru|РДС-1}}), disebut juga '''Izdeliye 501''' ("peralatan 501") dan '''Halilintar pertama''' ({{Lang-rus|Пе́рвая мо́лния|Pérvaya mólniya|pʲˈervəjə mˈolnʲɪjə}}),<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://nuclearweaponarchive.org/Russia/Sovwpnprog.html|title=The Soviet Nuclear Weapons Program|last=Sublette|first=Carey|date=12 December 1997|website=nuclearweaponarchive.org|publisher=|access-date=13 August 2016}}</ref> adalah [[bom atom]] yang digunakan dalam [[uji coba nuklir]] pertama [[Uni Soviet]]. Bom ini diledakkan pada 29 Agustus 1949 pukul 7:00 a.m.,<ref name="Theplace">{{cite news|last=Kjelstrup|first=Christian|title=Dette er stedet der Sovjet testet atombombene sine|url=http://www.dn.no/dnlordag/article2661162.ece|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130814121620/http://www.dn.no/dnlordag/article2661162.ece|archivedate=14 August 2013|newspaper=[[Dagens Næringsliv]]|date=11 August 2013|access-date=13 August 2016}}</ref> di [[Semipalatinsk]], [[Republik Sosialis Soviet Kazakh|RSS Kazakh]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.kazakhembus.com/Nuc_gp.html|title=The nuclear guinea pigs|last=Righter|first=Rosemary|date=31 July 2002|website=|publisher=|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070716014902/http://www.kazakhembus.com/Nuc_gp.html|archive-date=16 July 2007|access-date=13 August 2016}}</ref> setelah penelitian dan pengembangan yang dilakukan Uni Soviet secara rahasia ([[proyek bom atom Soviet]]).<ref name="Peslyak">{{cite web |last=Peslyak |first=Alexander |title=Russia: building a nuclear deterrent for the sake of peace (60th anniversary of the first Soviet atomic test) |url=http://en.rian.ru/analysis/20090831/155977682.html |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120310141609/http://en.rian.ru/analysis/20090831/155977682.html |archivedate=10 March 2012 |date=31 August 2009 |publisher=RIA Novosti |access-date=13 August 2016}}</ref> Amerika Serikat menamakan bom ini '''Joe-1''', merujuk pada nama depan [[Josef Stalin]].
Kelak diketahui bahwa Uni Soviet membuat senjata ini berdasarkan rancangan yang dicuri oleh mata-mata [[Julius dan Ethel Rosenberg]] dari [[Laboratorium Nasional Los Alamos]] dan [[Laboratorium Nasional Oak Ridge]] di Amerika Serikat, sebagian dengan dengan bantuan adik Ethel, [[David Greenglass]], and stolen directly from the [[Los Alamos National Laboratory]] and the [[Oak Ridge National Laboratory]]. Selanjutnya, Julius dan Ethel Rosenberg diadili, divonis bersalah dan dihukum mati.<ref name="Rosenbergs Redux">{{cite news |last1=Radosh |first1=Ronald |title= Rosenbergs Redux |url= http://www.weeklystandard.com/rosenbergs-redux/article/2002765 |date=June 10, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url= https://www.nytimes.com/2015/08/13/opinion/what-the-kgb-files-show-about-ethel-rosenberg.html?_r=0 |title=What the K.G.B. Files Show About Ethel Rosenberg |work=The New York Times |date=August 13, 2015}}</ref><ref name="Weekly Standard">{{cite news |last1= Radosh |first1=Ronald |last2=Klehr |first2= Harvey |last3=Haynes |first3=John Earl |last4=Hornblum |first4=Allen M. |last5=Usdin |first5=Steven |title= The New York Times Gets Greenglass Wrong |url= http://www.weeklystandard.com/the-new-york-times-gets-greenglass-wrong/article/816451 |accessdate= October 5, 2016 |work=Weekly Standard |date= October 17, 2014}}</ref>
