Buzz Aldrin: Perbedaan antara revisi

 

== Misi ke Mars ==

Setelah keluar dari NASA, Aldrin terus mendukung penjelajahan luar angkasa. Pada tahun 1985, ia bergabung dengan [[John D. Odegard School of Aerospace Sciences|College of Aerospace Sciences]] di [[Universitas North Dakota]] atas undangan John D. Odegard, dekan fakultasnya. Aldrin ikut mengembangkan program Studi Luar Angkasa di UND dan mengangkat Dr. [[David C. Webb|David Webb]] dari NASA sebagai ketua departemen pertama.<ref>Rice, Daniel R. (1992). The Clifford Years: The University of North Dakota, 1971–1992. p. 46.</ref> Untuk mendorong penjelajahan luar angkasa sekaligus dalam rangka peringatan ke-40 pendaratan bulan, Aldrin bersama [[Snoop Dogg]], [[Quincy Jones]], [[Talib Kweli]], dan [[Soulja Boy]] merilis lagu rap dan video klip "Rocket Experience". Pendapatan komersialnya disumbangkan ke yayasan nirlaba milik Aldrin, [[ShareSpace foundation|ShareSpace]].<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.thetimes.co.uk/tto/arts/music/article2417581.ece |title=Buzz Aldrin and Snoop Dogg reach for the stars with Rocket Experience |newspaper=The Times |date=June 25, 2009 |access-date=November 10, 2018}}</ref>

 

 

== Penghargaan ==

Aldrin dianugerahi [[Air Force Distinguished Service Medal]] (DSM) pada tahun 1969 atas perannya sebagai pilot modul bulan Apollo 11.<ref name="valor">{{cite web |url=http://valor.militarytimes.com/recipient.php?recipientid=33821 |title=Valor Awards for Buzz Aldrin |publisher=Hall of Valor|access-date=December 25, 2017}}</ref> Ia mendapat [[pita daun oak]] pada tahun 1972 sebagai pengganti DSM kedua atas keterlibatannya dalam Perang Korea dan program antariksa<ref name="valor" /> dan [[Legion of Merit]] atas perannya dalam program Gemini dan Apollo.<ref name="valor" /> Dalam upacara penutupan program Gemini tahun 1966, Aldrin dianugerahi [[NASA Exceptional Service Medal]] oleh [[Lyndon B. Johnson|President Johnson]] di LBJ Ranch.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/23093107/the_evening_times/ |title=Johnson Sees Greater U.S. Success in Space |newspaper=The Evening Times |location=Sayre, Pennsylvania |date=November 23, 1966 |page=1 |via=Newspapers.com |agency=Associated Press}}</ref> Ia menerima [[NASA Distinguished Service Medal]] pada tahun 1970 atas keterlibatannya dalam misi Apollo 11.{{sfn|Gawdiak|Fedor|1994|p=398}} Aldrin merupakan satu dari sepuluh astronaut Gemini yang masuk [[New Mexico Museum of Space History|International Space Hall of Fame]] pada tahun 1982.<ref name="newmexico" /><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/28841417/albuquerque_journal/ |title=Astronauts Laud Gemini as Precursor to Shuttle |last1=Shay |first1=Erin |newspaper=Albuquerque Journal |location=Albuquerque, New Mexico |date=October 3, 1982 |page=3 |via=Newspapers.com}}</ref> Ia juga masuk [[U.S. Astronaut Hall of Fame]] tahun 1993,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.astronautscholarship.org/Astronauts/buzz-aldrin/ |title=Buzz Aldrin |publisher=Astronaut Scholarship Foundation|access-date=August 20, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/33582881/florida_today/|title=Activities Honor Gemini Astronauts|newspaper=Florida Today|location=Cocoa, Florida|date=March 14, 1993|page=41|via=Newspapers.com|last1=Clark|first1=Amy}}</ref> [[National Aviation Hall of Fame]] tahun 2000,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nationalaviation.org/our-enshrinees/aldrin-buzz/ |title=Aldrin, Buzz: Enshrined 2000 |publisher=The National Aviation Hall of Fame|access-date=December 19, 2017}}</ref> dan [[New Jersey Hall of Fame]] tahun 2008.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nj.com/news/index.ssf/2007/10/frank_bruce_and_buzz_among_fir.html |title=Frank, Bruce and Buzz among first inducted into NJ hall of fame|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131109041213/http://www.nj.com/news/index.ssf/2007/10/frank_bruce_and_buzz_among_fir.html |archive-date=November 9, 2013 |last1=Hester |first1=Tom|dead-url=no |date=October 25, 2007 |work=New Jersey On-Line LLC|access-date=August 19, 2018|publisher=NJ Advance Media}}</ref>

 

Pada tahun 1999, dalam peringatan ke-30 pendaratan bulan, Wakil Presiden [[Al Gore]] sekaligus wakil kanselir Dewan Pengurus [[Smithsonian Institution]], mempersembahkan [[Langley Gold Medal]] kepada awak Apollo 11. Setelah itu, mereka ke Gedung Putih dan mempersembahkan batu Bulan kepada Presiden [[Bill Clinton]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nbcnews.com/id/3077902/ns/technology_and_science-space/t/moon-anniversary-celebrated/ |title=Moon Anniversary Celebrated |publisher=NBC News |last1=Boyle |first1=Alan|access-date=March 3, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cnn.com/TECH/space/9907/20/apollo.11.awards/ |title=Apollo 11 astronauts honored for 'astonishing' mission |date=July 20, 1999 |publisher=CNN|access-date=April 24, 2018}}</ref> Awak Apollo 11 menerima New Frontier [[Congressional Gold Medal]] di Capitol Rotunda pada tahun 2011. Dalam acara penganugerahannya, direktur NASA [[Charles Bolden]] berkata, "Sebagian dari kita yang berkesempatan terbang ke luar angkasa mengikuti jejak yang mereka rintis." ("''Those of us who have had the privilege to fly in space followed the trail they forged.''")<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nasa.gov/topics/people/features/gold_medal.html |title=NASA Legends Awarded Congressional Gold Medal |publisher=NASA |date=November 16, 2011|access-date=December 19, 2017}}</ref><ref name=goldmedal>''Congressional Gold Medal to Astronauts Neil A. Armstrong, Buzz Aldrin, and Michael Collins''. {{USCongRec|2000|H4714|date=June 20, 2000}}. Accessed April 16, 2015.</ref>

 

Awak Apollo 11 mendapat [[Collier Trophy]] pada tahun 1969. Presiden National Aeronautic Association menyerahkan trofi duplikat kepada Collins dan Aldrin.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/27418925/the_charleston_daily_mail/ |title=Apollo 11 Spacemen Win Collier Trophy |agency=Associated Press |newspaper=The Charleston Daily Mail |location=Charleston, West Virginia |date=March 18, 1970 |page=9 |via=Newspapers.com}}</ref> Mereka dianugerahi General Thomas D. White USAF Space Trophy pada tahun 1969.<ref>{{cite magazine |url=http://www.airforcemag.com/MagazineArchive/Magazine%20Documents/1997/May%201997/0597recs.pdf |title=The Gen. Thomas D. White USAF Space Trophy |publisher=USAF |date=May 1997 |page=156}}</ref> Pada tahun 1970, National Space Club menganugerahkan [[Dr. Robert H. Goddard Memorial Trophy]] kepada awak Apollo 11 atas prestasinya dalam penerbangan luar angkasa.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/23148781/the_times/ |title=Astronauts of Apollo 11 to be Feted |newspaper=The Times |location=Shreveport, Louisiana |agency=Associated Press |date=March 6, 1970 |page=10 |via=Newspapers.com}}</ref> Mereka dianugerahi [[Harmon Trophy]] yang dipersembahkan kepada para penerbang pada tahun 1970;<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1970/09/07/archives/two-raf-pilots-to-share-harmon-aviators-trophy.html |title=Two R.A.F. Pilots to Share Harmon Aviator's Trophy |date=September 7, 1970|access-date=March 3, 2018 |newspaper=The New York Times |page=36}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/19532169/the_montgomery_advertiser/ |title=Apollo 11 Astronauts Add Harmon Trophy to Collection |newspaper=The Montgomery Advertiser |location=Montgomery, Alabama |date=September 6, 1970 |page=6E |via=Newspapers.com |agency=Associated Press}}</ref> trofinya diserahkan oleh Wakil Presiden [[Spiro Agnew]] pada tahun 1971.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/19532416/the_times/ |title=3 Astronauts get Harmon Trophies |newspaper=The Times |location=Shreveport, Louisiana |agency=Associated Press |date=May 20, 1971 |page=2-B |via=Newspapers.com}}</ref> Agnew juga menyerahkan [[Hubbard Medal]] dari National Geographic Society pada tahun 1970. Ia memberitahu mereka, "Kalian kini sejajar dengan Christopher Columbus dalam sejarah Amerika Serikat".<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/19603390/the_la_crosse_tribune/ |title=Agnew Gives Medals to Apollo 11 Crew |newspaper=The La Crosse Tribune |agency=Associated Press |date=February 18, 1970 |page=6 |location=La Crosse, Wisconsin |via=Newspapers.com}}</ref> Pada tahun 1970, tim Apollo 11 memenangi penghargaan [[Iven C. Kincheloe]] dari [[Society of Experimental Test Pilots]] bersama [[Darryl Greenamyer]], pemecah rekor kecepatan pesawat mesin piston.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/27418798/valley_news/ |title=Record Setting Aviators Honored by Pilots Group |newspaper=Valley News |location=Van Nuys, California |date=October 10, 1970 |page=51 |via=Newspapers.com}}</ref> Atas sumbangsihnya untuk industri televisi, nama mereka diabadikan di sebuah plakat di [[Hollywood Walk of Fame]].<ref>{{cite news |url=http://projects.latimes.com/hollywood/star-walk/apollo-landing/ |title=Apollo Landing – Hollywood Star Walk |newspaper=Los Angeles Times |first=Scott |last=Sandell |date=March 1, 2010 |access-date=November 20, 2018}}</ref>

 

 

== Kehidupan pribadi ==

Aldrin telah menikah tiga kali. Pada 29 Desember 1954, ia menikah dengan Joan Archer, alumna S2 [[Universitas Rutgers]] dan [[Universitas Columbia]]. Mereka dikaruniai tiga anak, James, Janice, dan Andrew. Mereka bercerai tahun 1974.{{sfn|Aldrin|Abraham|2009|p=75}}<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.latimes.com/local/obituaries/la-me-joan-aldrin-20150802-story.html |title=Joan Archer Aldrin dies at 84; dealt with the spotlight as astronaut's wife |newspaper=Los Angeles Times |first=Elaine |last=Woo |date=July 31, 2015 |access-date=December 1, 2018}}</ref> Ia kemudian menikah dengan Beverly Van Zile pada 31 Desember 1975,{{sfn|Aldrin|Abraham|2009|p=154}} lalu bercerai tahun 1978. Terakhir, ia menikah dengan Lois Driggs Cannon pada 14 Februari 1988.{{sfn|Aldrin|Abraham|2009|p=224}} Mereka resmi bercerai pada Desember 2012. Cannon memperoleh separuh dari tabungan keluarga sebesar $475.000, $9.500 per bulan, dan 30&nbsp;persen pendapatan tahunan Aldrin (lebih dari $600.000).<ref>{{cite news |work=TMZ |url=http://www.tmz.com/2013/01/07/buzz-aldrin-divorced/ |title=Buzz Aldrin officially divorced |date=July 1, 2013 |access-date=November 20, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |publisher=CNN |title=Buzz Aldrin Fast Facts |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2013/01/15/us/buzz-aldrin-fast-facts/index.html |access-date=November 20, 2018}}</ref> Per 2017, ia memiliki satu cucu, Jeffrey Schuss (anak putrinya, Janice), dan tiga cicit.<ref>{{cite tweet |url=https://twitter.com/therealbuzz/status/854119124615786496?lang=en |user=TheRealBuzz |number=854119124615786496 |date=April 17, 2017 |author=Buzz Aldrin|access-date=December 18, 2017 |title=Aldrin Tweet about Great Grandchildren}}</ref>