Agama Weda: Perbedaan antara revisi
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=== Tradisi Sramana ===
{{Main article|Sramana|Jainisme|Buddhisme}}Tradisi non-Weda śramaṇa ada di samping Brahmanisme.<ref name="S. Cromwell Crawford 1972">S. Cromwell Crawford, review of L. M. Joshi, ''Brahmanism, Buddhism and Hinduism'', Philosophy East and West (1972)</ref><ref>Dr. Kalghatgi, T. G. 1988 In: Study of Jainism, Prakrit Bharti Academy, Jaipur</ref>{{refn|Cromwell: "Di samping Brahmanisme ada budaya Shramanisme non-Arya yang diyakini berasal dari masa prasejarah."<ref name="S. Cromwell Crawford 1972" />|group=catatan}}{{refn|Y. Masih (2000) In : A Comparative Study of Religions, Motilal Banarsidass Publ : Delhi, {{ISBN|81-208-0815-0}} Page 18. "There is no evidence to show that Jainism and Buddhism ever subscribed to Vedic sacrifices, vedic deities or caste. They are parallel or native religions of India and have contributed to much to [sic] the growth of even classical Hinduism of the present times."|group=catatan}}{{refn|P.S. Jaini, (1979), The Jaina Path to Purification, Motilal Banarsidass, Delhi, p. 169 "Jainas themselves have no memory of a time when they fell within the Vedic fold. Any theory that attempts to link the two traditions, moreover fails to appreciate rather distinctive and very non-Vedic character of Jaina cosmology, soul theory, karmic doctrine and atheism"|group=catatan}} Bukan merupakan hasil dari kontak langsung dengan Wedisme, melainkan gerakan adanya hubungan timbal balik dengan tradisi Brahmanisme,<ref name="S. Cromwell Crawford 1972" /> mencerminkan "kosmologi dan antropologi pra-Arya yang lebih tua di timur laut India".{{sfn|Zimmer|1989|p=217}} Jainisme dan Buddhisme diketahui lahir
Ada rujukan Jaina pada 22 [[tirthankara]] prasejarah. Dalam pandangan ini, Jainisme berjaya pada zaman [[Mahawira]] (secara tradisional muncul pada abad ke-6 SM).<ref>Helmuth von Glasenapp, Shridhar B. Shrotri. 1999. Jainism: an Indian religion of salvation. P.24. "Thus not only nothing, from the philosophical and the historical point of view, comes in the way of the supposition that Jainism was established by Parsva around 800 BCE, but it is rather confirmed in everything that we know of the spiritual life of that period."</ref><ref>Dundas, Paul. 2002. The Jains. P.17. "Jainism, then, was in origin merely one component of a north Indian ascetic culture that flourished in the Ganges basin from around the eighth or seventh centuries BCE."</ref> [[Agama Buddha|Buddhisme]], secara tradisional muncul dari sekitar tahun 500 SM, dan mengalami kemunduran pada abad ke-5 hingga ke-12 akibat berkembangnya Hindu Purana<ref>"Buddhism". (2009). In Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 26 November 2009, from Encyclopædia Britannica Online Library Edition.</ref> dan Islam.<ref>P. 78 – 83 ''Freeing the Buddha: Diversity on a Sacred Path—large Scale Concerns'' By Brian Ruhe</ref><ref>P. 110 ''A text book of the history of Theravāda Buddhism'' by K. T. S. Sarao, University of Delhi. Dept. of Buddhist Studies</ref>
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