Aliaa Magda Elmahdy: Perbedaan antara revisi
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'''Aliaa Magda Elmahdy''' ({{lang-arz|علياء ماجدة المهدى}}, {{IPA-arz|ʕælˈjæːʔ ˈmæɡdæ (ʔe)lˈmæhdi, ˈʕæljæ-|IPA}}; {{lahirmati|Mesir|16|11|1991}}) adalah seorang [[aktivis internet]] dan advokat [[hak wanita]] asal Mesir. Ia dikenal karena mempublikasikan sebuah foto telanjang di laman [[Blogspot]] miliknya, yang ia sebut di Facebook sebagai "teriakan melawan masyarakat kekerasan, rasisme, seksisme, serangan seksual dan hipokrisis".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4149840,00.html|title=Egypt activist posts herself nude, sparks outrage|publisher =[[Ynetnews]]|date=17 November 2011|accessdate=20 November 2011}}</ref> Sejak itu, ia menjadi subyek beberapa ancaman kematian.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://m.ibtimes.com/aliaa-magda-elmahdy-s-nude-photography-hurt-253125.html|title=Has Aliaa Magda Elmahdy's Nude Photography Hurt the Cause of Egypt's Liberals?|publisher=''[[International Business Times]]''|author=Amrutha Gayathri|date=21 November 2011|accessdate=22 November 2011|archive-url=https://archive.is/20120710140214/http://m.ibtimes.com/aliaa-magda-elmahdy-s-nude-photography-hurt-253125.html|archive-date=10 July 2012|dead-url=yes|df=dmy-all}}</ref> Elmahdy menyebut dirinya sebagai orang "Mesir sekuler, liberal, feminis, vegetarian, individualis" dan mengaku sebagai ateis sejak usia 16 tahun.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ibtimes.co.uk/egyptian-nude-blogger-aliaa-magda-elmahdy-sexual-251680.html|title=Egyptian Nude Blogger Aliaa Magda Elmahdy Draws Condemnation [PHOTOS]|publisher=''International Business Times''|author=Sarah Park|date=17 November 2011|accessdate=20 November 2011}}{{Dead link|date=October 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ibtimes.co.uk/articles/252333/20111118/new-pictures-aliaa-magda-elmahdy-nude-blogger.htm|title=New Pictures of Aliaa Magda Elmahdy, the Nude Blogger|publisher=''International Business Times''|accessdate=20 November 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120123073456/http://www.ibtimes.co.uk/articles/252333/20111118/new-pictures-aliaa-magda-elmahdy-nude-blogger.htm|archive-date=23 January 2012|dead-url=yes|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
== Biografi ==
=== Foto telanjang ===
{{external media
| align = right
| width = 240px
| video1 =[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QPkegMv0JAA Aliaa Elmahdy] - [[Dateline (Australian TV program)|Dateline]] - [[Special Broadcasting Service|SBS]]<ref name="sbs.com.au-naked-revolution">http://www.sbs.com.au/news/dateline/story/naked-revolution</ref>
}}
Pada 2011, Elmahdy dan seorang aktivis lainnya, [[Kareem Amer]], dihentikan pihak berwajib karena menunjukkan kemesraan di muka umum [[public display of affection]], dimana keduanya berjalan di taman dengan tangan merangkul pundak satu sama lain dan berciuman. Mereka kemudian dibawa ke kantor keamanan taman, dimana mereka berdebat dengan manager taman umum yang mengusir mereka, dan kemudian memposting via [[video ponsel]] jejak kakinya
Elmahdy memposting foto telanjangnya pada 23 Oktober 2011 dan berdasarkan cuitannya di Twitter, dimana dia melakukan swa foto di rumah orangtuanya beberapa bulan sebelum dia bertemu [[Kareem Amer|Amer]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ibtimes.co.uk/articles/250459/20111116/aliaa-magda-elmahdy-nude-blogger-pictures.htm|title=Aliaa Magda Elmahdy, Nude Blogger: In Pictures|publisher =''International Business Times''|accessdate=20 November 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ibtimes.co.uk/new-pictures-aliaa-magda-elmahdy-nude-blogger-252333|title=Aliaa Magda Elmahdy, Nude Blogger|publisher =''International Business Times''|accessdate=29 November 2015|quote=I took my nude photo myself in my parent's home months before I met @Kareemamer and I'm atheist since I was 16"}}</ref>
==== Reaksi yang didapat ====
[[File:Homage to Aliaa Elmahdi.jpg|thumb|300px|Israeli women declaring solidarity with Elmahdy]]
Blog milik Elmahdy menarik perhatian jutaan orang, dan sejumlah hujatan. Kemudian terbentuklah beberapa laman Facebook dari pihak yang mendukung maupun yang menentang tindakannya.<ref name="colombotelegraph">{{cite web|url=http://colombotelegraph.com/2011/11/18/egyptian-feminists-blog-received-2-5-million-hits-with-her-full-frontal-nude-shot-2/|title=Egyptian feminist's blog received 2.5 million hits with her full frontal nude shot|publisher=Colombo Telegraph|date=18 November 2011|accessdate=20 November 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111121225907/http://colombotelegraph.com/2011/11/18/egyptian-feminists-blog-received-2-5-million-hits-with-her-full-frontal-nude-shot-2/|archive-date=21 November 2011|dead-url=yes|df=dmy-all}}</ref> Adanya ketakutan akan timbulnya masalah di mata [[Islamism|kaum konservatif Islami]], kaum liberal Mesir kemudian menjauhi Elmahdy.<ref name ="colombotelegraph"/> Gerakan Pemuda 6 April ([[April 6 Youth Movement]]) mengeluarkan pernyataan yang menolak klsim-klaim yang menyebut Elmahdy sebagai salah satu anggota kelompok tersebut<ref name ="colombotelegraph"/>
Akhirnya, sarjana lulusan hukum Islam mengajukan kasus ini dan menuduh Elmahdy dan Amer "melanggar moral, menyebar ketidaksenonohan dan menghujat agama Islam".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://bikyamasr.com/48732/legal-action-against-egypt-nude-activist/|title=Legal action taken against Egypt "nude revolutionary" activist|publisher=Bikyamasr|date=17 November 2011|accessdate=22 November 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111122102146/http://bikyamasr.com/48732/legal-action-against-egypt-nude-activist/|archive-date=22 November 2011|dead-url=yes|df=dmy-all}}</ref> Beberapa rumor keliru mengenai pemukulan dan kematian yang dialaminya di [[Tahrir Square]] telah tersebar luas sejak itu .<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ibtimes.co.uk/aliaa-magda-elmahdy-nude-blogger-hiding-fear-259312.html|title=Aliaa Magda Elmahdy, Egypt's Nude Blogger, Hiding in Fear for Her Life|publisher =''International Business Times''|author=Gianluca Mezzofiore|date=1 December 2011|accessdate=3 December 2011}}</ref>
Egyptian [[expatriates]], Western-based Arab journalists<ref name ="ibt">{{cite web|url=http://www.ibtimes.co.uk/articles/252301/20111118/aliaa-magda-elmahdy-nude-blogger-gains-support.htm|title=Aliaa Magda Elmahdy, Nude Blogger, Gains Support from Egyptian Diaspora|publisher =''International Business Times''|author=Gianluca Mezzofiore|date=18 November 2011|accessdate=20 November 2011}}</ref> and representatives of American art community<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ibtimes.com/articles/252511/20111118/aliaa-magda-elmahdy-american-art-community-finds.htm|title=Aliaa Magda Elmahdy: American Art Community Finds ‘Beauty’ in Egyptian Activist Photo|publisher =''International Business Times''|author=Ankita Mehta|date=19 November 2011|accessdate=20 November 2011}}</ref> telah menunjukkan dukungannya. Aktivis asal Iran [[Maryam Namazie]] menganggap tindakan Elmahdy sebagai "bentuk protes keras menentang Islamisme" dan "tindakan pemberontakan yang paling ultimate".<ref name ="ibt"/> Menurut aktris Amanda Banoub, Elmahdy "menunjukkan kemurnian yang tulus dan kesopanan tanpa sehelai kain melekat pada tubuhnya".<ref name ="ibt"/> Menentang tes keperawanan[[virginity test]]s yang harus dilakukan oleh militer kepada perempuan di [[Tahrir Square]], jurnalis Mesir berkewarganegaraan Amerika serikat [[Mona Eltahawy]] menegaskan bahwa Elmahdy "adalah bom molotov [[Molotov cocktail]] yang dilemparkan pada Hari besar [[Mubarak]]s di kepala kita – para diktator yang membelenggu pikiran2 kita – yang bersikeras bahwa revolusi tidak akan berhasil tanpa gelombang tidal perubahan kultur yang mengakhiri misogini dan hipokrisi seksual".<ref name ="ibt"/>
Lebih kurang 40 wanita Israel berkumpul melalui Facebook untuk "menunjukkan dukungannya dalam sebuah cara yang tidak mengandung unsur kekerasan dan sah yang dilakukan oleh seorang wanita seperti kita – muda, ambisius, bercita-cita tinggi dan telah terbukti mampu membangun rasa humor". Orang-orang yang terlihat kemudian didokumentasikan dalam sebuah foto dengan sebuah spanduk bertuliskan "Love without limits" dan "Homage to Aliaa Elmahdi. Sisters in Israel".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4150344,00.html|title=Israelis strip in support of Egypt blogger|publisher =Ynetnews|author=Roi Kais|date=20 November 2011|accessdate=20 November 2011}}</ref>
=== Penerbangan ke Swedia ===
Melanjutkan tema fotografi also protesnya, Elmahdy telah subsequently menyerukan pada kaum pria untuk mengunggah foto mereka mengenakan hijab "sebagai bentuk tindakan untuk menciptakan kesadaran akan tingkah laku yang penuh kemunafikan," dan meminta kaum wanita "yang ingin menanggalkan hijabnya untuk mengirimkan foto2 wajahnya untuk dipublikasikan secara online."<ref>{{cite news
|title = Egypt's Nude Revolutionary Aliaa Elmahdy Asks Women to Publish Photographs without Veils
|first = Amrutha
|last = Gayathri
|url = http://www.ibtimes.co.uk/articles/272667/20111226/egypt-s-nude-revolutionary-aliaa-elmahdy-asks.htm
|newspaper = [[International Business Times]]
|publisher = Ibtimes Company
|location = United Kingdom
|date = 26 December 2011
|accessdate = 10 January 2012
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120711124711/http://www.ibtimes.co.uk/articles/272667/20111226/egypt-s-nude-revolutionary-aliaa-elmahdy-asks.htm
|archive-date = 11 July 2012
|dead-url = yes
|df = dmy-all
}}</ref>
Pada 2012, Elmahdy mengajukan [[suaka politik]] di Swedia karena ketakutannya akan hukuman penjara, setelah dia mengalami penculikan, mendapat beberapa ancaman pembunuhan, dan melarikan diri dari upaya perkosaan.<ref name="Vice">{{cite web|url=https://www.vice.com/read/the-egyptian-feminist-who-was-kidnapped-for-posing-nude|title=The Egyptian Feminist Who Was Kidnapped for Posing Nude|publisher=''Vice''|author=Amira Asad|date=15 February 2013}}</ref> Pada Desember 2012, Elmahdy berpartisipasi dalam sebuah protes telanjang di luar Kedutaan Mesir di [[Stockholm]], bersama-sama dengan [[Inna Shevchenko]] dan seorang anggota [[FEMEN]] lainnya. Ketiga orang aktivis telanjang ini memprotes adanya "sharia-dictatorial" dalam konstitusi Mesir, yang disusun oleh kabinet [[Mohamed Morsi]] government, yang terpilih melalui referendum konstitusi Mesir 2012. Elmahdy melukis tubuhnya dengan kata2 “Sharia numan konstitusi” berwarna merah di dafa dan perutnya sambil memrgang [[Flag of Egypt|bendera Mesir ]].<ref name="Vice"/>
[[File:Maryam Namazie interviews Aliaa Elmahdy and Amina Sboui (Tyler) VP8.webm|thumb|[[Maryam Namazie]] interviews Aliaa and [[Amina Tyler]] (8 March 2014).]]
In July 2013 she was interviewed by ''[[Svenska Dagbladet]]'' where she stated that during her asylum process, the [[Swedish Migration Agency]] received several letters with continued death threats directed towards her.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url=https://www.svd.se/svd-moter-aliaa-elmahdy-egyptens-samhalle-ar-genomsyrat-av-kvinnohat|title="Egypten genomsyrat av kvinnohat"|last=Wadendal|first=Ia|work=SvD.se|access-date=2017-12-25|language=sv}}</ref> She expressed that she was able to wear trousers and a tank top while walking the streets without being verbally or physically harassed, unlike in Egypt.<ref name=":0" /> When asked to comment on Islamic organisations claiming that her campaigning reduces the freedom of Muslim women to wear the veil, she responded that she has never seen a man exercise the freedom to wear a veil.<ref name=":0" /> In the interview she expresses doubt towards liberal supporters and stated her belief that many men who claim to oppose [[sexual harassment]] join campaign organisations simply to get laid.<ref name=":0" />
In 2013, Elmahdy and two other Femen activists staged a protest in [[Stockholm Mosque|Stockholm mosque]] against [[Sharia|Sharia law]] and the oppression of women. They were arrested by police for [[Public-order crime|disturbing public order]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.aftonbladet.se/nyheter/a/A2G6Pq/femen-ister-nakendemonstrerade-i-stockholms-moske|title=Femen-ister nakendemonstrerade i Stockholms moské|work=Aftonbladet|access-date=2018-09-01|language=sv}}</ref>
=== New nude protests ===
During [[International Women's Day]] on 8 March 2014, Elmahdy and seven other Arab and Iranian women, including [[Maryam Namazie]] and [[Amina Tyler]], protested naked for women's rights at the [[Louvre Pyramid]], chanting slogans in French in favour of freedom, equality and [[secularism]] (''liberté, égalité et [[laïcité]]).<ref>{{cite web|author=[[Waleed Al-Husseini]] |url=https://adonis49.wordpress.com/2014/03/10/proud-arab-women-atheists-nude-dancing-in-louvre-musium-square/ |title=Nude dancing in Louvre Museum Square: Proud "Arab" women atheists? | Adonis Diaries |website=Adonis49.wordpress.com |date=10 March 2014 |accessdate=29 August 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://rp-online.de/panorama/ausland/oben-ohne-protest-vor-dem-louvre_aid-20489655 |title=Oben-ohne-Protest vor dem Louvre |work=[[Rheinische Post]] |date=8 March 2014 |accessdate=29 August 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pqwxd4JC88c |title=It is my body, 30 Apr 2014 |author=Maryam Namazie, Fariborz Pooya & Bahram Soroush |work=Nano Golesorkh |publisher=[[Council of Ex-Muslims of Britain]] |date=1 May 2014 |accessdate=29 August 2018}}</ref>
In August 2014, she released a photo of herself menstruating on the flag of the [[Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant]] (ISIL) wearing only shoes, while another woman defecated on it. Media in Islamic countries did not publish the photo, as the [[flag of ISIL]] features the Muslim declaration of faith.<ref>{{cite news|title=Egypt feminist defecates on IS flag in the nude|url=http://www.timesofisrael.com/egypt-feminist-defecates-on-is-flag-in-the-nude/|accessdate=26 August 2014|work=[[The Times of Israel]]|date=24 August 2014}}</ref>
{{Clear}}
== Referensi ==
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