Perubahan iklim dan spesies invasif: Perbedaan antara revisi

[[Perubahan iklim]] diprediksi dapat mempengaruhi [[keanekaragaman hayati]] secara subtansial; menyebabkan perubahan fenologi, komposisi genetik, dan sebaran spesies; serta mempengaruhi interaksi antarspesies dan berbagai proses di ekosistem.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Walther|first=Gian-Reto|last2=Post|first2=Eric|last3=Convey|first3=Peter|last4=Menzel|first4=Annette|last5=Parmesan|first5=Camille|last6=Beebee|first6=Trevor J. C.|last7=Fromentin|first7=Jean-Marc|last8=Hoegh-Guldberg|first8=Ove|last9=Bairlein|first9=Franz|date=2002-03|title=Ecological responses to recent climate change|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/416389a|journal=Nature|volume=416|issue=6879|pages=389–395|doi=10.1038/416389a|issn=0028-0836}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Root|first=Terry L.|last2=Price|first2=Jeff T.|last3=Hall|first3=Kimberly R.|last4=Schneider|first4=Stephen H.|last5=Rosenzweig|first5=Cynthia|last6=Pounds|first6=J. Alan|date=2003-01|title=Fingerprints of global warming on wild animals and plants|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature01333|journal=Nature|volume=421|issue=6918|pages=57–60|doi=10.1038/nature01333|issn=0028-0836}}</ref> Efek fundamental yang disebabkan oleh perubahan iklim juga dapat mempengaruhi distribusi, sebarankemampuan penyebaran, kemelimpahan serta dampak yang dihasilkan oleh [[spesies invasif]].<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Gritti|first=E. S.|last2=Smith|first2=B.|last3=Sykes|first3=M. T.|date=2006-01|title=Vulnerability of Mediterranean Basin ecosystems to climate change and invasion by exotic plant species|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2699.2005.01377.x|journal=Journal of Biogeography|volume=33|issue=1|pages=145–157|doi=10.1111/j.1365-2699.2005.01377.x|issn=0305-0270}}</ref> Beberapa penelitian menunjukan bahwa efek yang dihasilkan dapat menguntungkan spesies invasif,<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Dukes|first=Jeffrey S.|last2=Mooney|first2=Harold A.|date=1999-04|title=Does global change increase the success of biological invaders?|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0169-5347(98)01554-7|journal=Trends in Ecology & Evolution|volume=14|issue=4|pages=135–139|doi=10.1016/s0169-5347(98)01554-7|issn=0169-5347}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-32730-1_8|title=Terrestrial Ecosystems in a Changing World|last=Vilà|first=Montserrat|last2=Corbin|first2=Jeffrey D.|last3=Dukes|first3=Jeffrey S.|last4=Pino|first4=Joan|last5=Smith|first5=Stanley D.|publisher=Springer Berlin Heidelberg|isbn=9783540327295|location=Berlin, Heidelberg|pages=93–102}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-36920-2_12|title=Ecological Studies|last=Thuiller|first=Wilfried|last2=Richardson|first2=David M.|last3=Midgley|first3=Guy F.|publisher=Springer Berlin Heidelberg|isbn=9783540773757|location=Berlin, Heidelberg|pages=197–211}}</ref> mendorong penyebaran spesies pendatang ke wilayah baru, serta mendukung proses pemapanan (''establishment'') spesies tersebut.<ref name=":0" /> Di sisi lain, pada kasus-kasus tertentu perubahan iklim juga dapat menyebabkan penurunan populasi organisme invasif dan membuka peluang restorasi pada ekosistem yang terdampak.<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal|last=Bradley|first=Bethany A.|last2=Wilcove|first2=David S.|date=2009|title=When Invasive Plants Disappear: Transformative Restoration Possibilities in the Western United States Resulting from Climate Change|url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1526-100X.2009.00586.x|journal=Restoration Ecology|language=en|volume=17|issue=5|pages=715–721|doi=10.1111/j.1526-100X.2009.00586.x|issn=1526-100X}}</ref>