== Sejarah ==
{{See also|Sejarah Timur Tengah}}
Peradaban-peradaban terawal di dunia berkembang di Asia Barat. Selama hampir tiga millennia, wilayah ini telah disatukan di bawah satu atau dua negara kuat; setiap satunya mewarisi yang sebelumnya, di beberapa saat merupakan sistem kerakyatan dengan basis barat maupun timur. Negara-negara utama seperti ini adalah [[Kekaisaran Asiria Baru]], [[Kekaisaran Babilonia Baru]], [[Kekaisaran Akhemeniyah]], Dua Kerajaan Yahudi kuno ([[Kerajaan Israel (Samaria)|Israel]]-[[Kerajaan Yehuda|Yehuda]]), [[Kekaisaran Seleukia]], [[Kekaisaran Parthia]], [[Kekaisaran Sasaniyah]], [[Kekaisaran Romawi Timur]], [[Kekhalifahan Umayyah]], [[Kekhalifahan Abbasiyah]], [[Dinasti Safawiyah]], [[Dinasti Afshariyah|Dinasti Afsharidiyah]] dan [[Kesultanan Utsmaniyah]].
== Geografi ==
|- style="background:#ececec;"
! [[Negara]]
! [[ListDaftar ofnegara countriesmenurut byluas areawilayah|Luas]]<br/>(km²)
! [[ListDaftar ofnegara countriesmenurut byjumlah populationpenduduk|Populasi]]<br/>(2010)
! [[List ofDaftar countriesnegara bymenurut populationkepadatan densitypenduduk|Kepadatan populasi]]<br/>(per km²)
! [[IbukotaIbu (politik)kota|Ibukota]]
! Kota terbesar
! [[List ofDaftar countriesnegara bymenurut GDPPDB (nominal)|Nominal GDP]]<ref>{{cite web|title=International Monetary Fund, World Economic Outlook Database, April 2011: Nominal GDP list of countries. Data for the year 2010.|url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2011/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=17&pr.y=2&sy=2010&ey=2010&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=512%2C941%2C914%2C446%2C612%2C666%2C614%2C668%2C311%2C672%2C213%2C946%2C911%2C137%2C193%2C962%2C122%2C674%2C912%2C676%2C313%2C548%2C419%2C556%2C513%2C678%2C316%2C181%2C913%2C682%2C124%2C684%2C339%2C273%2C638%2C921%2C514%2C948%2C218%2C943%2C963%2C686%2C616%2C688%2C223%2C518%2C516%2C728%2C918%2C558%2C748%2C138%2C618%2C196%2C522%2C278%2C622%2C692%2C156%2C694%2C624%2C142%2C626%2C449%2C628%2C564%2C228%2C283%2C924%2C853%2C233%2C288%2C632%2C293%2C636%2C566%2C634%2C964%2C238%2C182%2C662%2C453%2C960%2C968%2C423%2C922%2C935%2C714%2C128%2C862%2C611%2C716%2C321%2C456%2C243%2C722%2C248%2C942%2C469%2C718%2C253%2C724%2C642%2C576%2C643%2C936%2C939%2C961%2C644%2C813%2C819%2C199%2C172%2C184%2C132%2C524%2C646%2C361%2C648%2C362%2C915%2C364%2C134%2C732%2C652%2C366%2C174%2C734%2C328%2C144%2C258%2C146%2C656%2C463%2C654%2C528%2C336%2C923%2C263%2C738%2C268%2C578%2C532%2C537%2C944%2C742%2C176%2C866%2C534%2C369%2C536%2C744%2C429%2C186%2C433%2C925%2C178%2C869%2C436%2C746%2C136%2C926%2C343%2C466%2C158%2C112%2C439%2C111%2C916%2C298%2C664%2C927%2C826%2C846%2C542%2C299%2C967%2C582%2C443%2C474%2C917%2C754%2C544%2C698&s=NGDPD&grp=0&a=|publisher=[[International Monetary Fund|IMF]]|accessdate=2011-09-15}}</ref><br/>(2010)
! [[List ofDaftar countriesnegara bymenurut GDPPDB (nominalKKB) per capitakapita|Per kapita]]<ref>{{cite web|title=International Monetary Fund, World Economic Outlook Database, April 2011. Data for the year 2010.|url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2011/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=40&pr.y=3&sy=2009&ey=2016&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=512%2C941%2C914%2C446%2C612%2C666%2C614%2C668%2C311%2C672%2C213%2C946%2C911%2C137%2C193%2C962%2C122%2C674%2C912%2C676%2C313%2C548%2C419%2C556%2C513%2C678%2C316%2C181%2C913%2C682%2C124%2C684%2C339%2C273%2C638%2C921%2C514%2C948%2C218%2C943%2C963%2C686%2C616%2C688%2C223%2C518%2C516%2C728%2C918%2C558%2C748%2C138%2C618%2C196%2C522%2C278%2C622%2C692%2C156%2C694%2C624%2C142%2C626%2C449%2C628%2C564%2C228%2C283%2C924%2C853%2C233%2C288%2C632%2C293%2C636%2C566%2C634%2C964%2C238%2C182%2C662%2C453%2C960%2C968%2C423%2C922%2C935%2C714%2C128%2C862%2C611%2C716%2C321%2C456%2C243%2C722%2C248%2C942%2C469%2C718%2C253%2C724%2C642%2C576%2C643%2C936%2C939%2C961%2C644%2C813%2C819%2C199%2C172%2C184%2C132%2C524%2C646%2C361%2C648%2C362%2C915%2C364%2C134%2C732%2C652%2C366%2C174%2C734%2C328%2C144%2C258%2C146%2C656%2C463%2C654%2C528%2C336%2C923%2C263%2C738%2C268%2C578%2C532%2C537%2C944%2C742%2C176%2C866%2C534%2C369%2C536%2C744%2C429%2C186%2C433%2C925%2C178%2C869%2C436%2C746%2C136%2C926%2C343%2C466%2C158%2C112%2C439%2C111%2C916%2C298%2C664%2C927%2C826%2C846%2C542%2C299%2C967%2C582%2C443%2C474%2C917%2C754%2C544%2C698&s=NGDPDPC&grp=0&a=|publisher=[[International Monetary Fund|IMF]]|accessdate=2011-09-15}}</ref><br />(2010)
! [[Mata uang]]
! [[Pemerintah]]an
| $55.62 miliar
| $18,657
| [[Rial Oman|Riyal Oman]]
| [[Monarki mutlak]]
| [[Bahasa Arab|Arab]]
| $31.27 miliar
| $1,282
| [[Rial Yaman|Riyal Yaman]]
| [[Republik]] [[Sistem presidensial|presidensial]]
| [[Bahasa Arab|Arab]]
| [[Bahasa Arab|Arab]]
|-
| colspan=11 style="background:#eee;" | '''[[Dataran Tinggi Iran|Dataran tinggi Iran]]''':
|-
| {{flag|Iran}}
|