Eksodus Palestina 1948: Perbedaan antara revisi

Jumlah pasti para pengungsi sampai hari ini masih menjadi bahan perdebatan,<ref name="Crenshaw2010">{{cite book|editor-last=Crenshaw|editor-first=Martha|title=The Consequences of Counterterrorism|chapterurl=http://books.google.com/books?id=eqrbWrjrvDAC&pg=PA356|accessdate=25 January 2011|year=2010|publisher=Russell Sage Foundation|location=New York|isbn=978-0-87154-073-7|page=356|last1=Pedahzur|first1=Ami|last2=Perliger|first2=Arie|chapter=The Consequences of Counterterrorist Policies in Israel }}</ref> tetapi diperkirakan 80 persen warga Arab di wilayah yang kelak menjadi [[Israel]] (50 persen dari seluruh warga Arab di [[Mandat Palestina]]) terusir.<ref>[[Nur-eldeen Masalha|Masalha, Nur]] (1992). "Expulsion of the Palestinians." Institute for Palestine Studies, this edition 2001, p. 175.</ref><ref name="Khalidi1998">{{cite book|author=[[Rashid Khalidi]]|title=Palestinian identity: the construction of modern national consciousness|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=pQx8u8MN13AC&pg=PA21|accessdate=22 January 2011|date=September 1998|publisher=Columbia University Press|isbn=978-0-231-10515-6|pages=21–}} "In 1948 half of Palestine's… Arabs were uprooted from their homes and became refugees"</ref> Istilah "''nakba''" itu sendiri juga merujuk pada periode perang itu sendiri dan kejadian-kejadian yang menimpa warga Palestina dari bulan Desember 1947 hingga Januari 1949. Latar belakang terjadinya keluaran juga dipertentangkan oleh warga Arab dan Israel. Faktor-faktor itu antara lain adalah majunyakeberhasilan laskar-laskar militer Yahudi, penyerangan dan agresi militer terhadap desa-desa Arab, dan ketakutan akan terjadinya pembunuhan massal lain setelah [[pembunuhan massal Deir Yassin]]<ref name="Morris2004RefugeeProblemRevisited">Morris, Benny. "The Birth of the Palestinian Refugee Problem Revisited," Cambridge University Press, 2004. ISBN 978-0-521-81120-0</ref>{{rp|239–240|date=November 2012}} yang menciptakan kepanikan di antara warga sipil; perintah evakuasi atas warga Arab; perintah pengusiran dari otoritas Israel; keluaran sukarela oleh warga kelas atas yang lebih makmur,<ref name="Schechtman, 1952">{{cite book|title=The Arab Refugee Problem|publisher=Philosophical Library|author=Schechtman, Joseph|year=1952|location=New York|pages=4}}</ref> kegoyahan pucuk kepemimpinan Palestina,<ref name="3-5-1948">{{cite web |url=http://news.google.com/newspapers?id=lTwbAAAAIBAJ&sjid=K00EAAAAIBAJ&dq=arab%20flight&pg=3196%2C857594 |title=British Halt Jerusalem Battle |accessdate=17 December 2010 |publisher=UP |author=Pittsburg Press |date=May 1948 |quote=The British spokesman said that all 12 members of the [[Arab Higher Committee]] have left Palestine for neighboring Arab states… Walter Eyelan, the Jewish Agency spokesman, said the Arab leaders were victims of a "flight psychosis" which he said was sweeping Arabs throughout Palestine.}}</ref> dan ketidakrelaan untuk hidup di bawah kendali Israel.<ref name="McGhee1997">{{cite book|author=George Crews McGhee|title=On the frontline in the Cold War: an ambassador reports|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=XhZfEwcukAMC&pg=PA42|accessdate=28 May 2011|year=1997|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|isbn=978-0-275-95649-3|pages=42–}}</ref>