Ledakan Beirut 2020: Perbedaan antara revisi
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Pada tanggal 4 Agustus 2020, terjadi ledakan di [[Pelabuhan Beirut]] yang berlokasi di [[Beirut]], [[Lebanon]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.haaretz.com/middle-east-news/massive-explosion-shakes-lebanese-capital-buildings-near-beirut-port-damaged-1.9046138|title=Beirut blast leaves dozens dead, thousands wounded at Lebanese capital's port|website=Haaretz.com|language=en|access-date=2020-08-04}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.sfchronicle.com/news/article/Massive-explosion-shakes-Lebanon-s-capital-Beirut-15457414.php|title=Massive Beirut blast kills more than 70, injures thousands|date=2020-08-04|website=SFChronicle.com|language=en-US|access-date=2020-08-04}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite news|title=Powerful Explosion in Beirut Kills at Least 78, Injures Thousands: Live Updates|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/08/04/world/middleeast/beirut-explosion-blast.html|newspaper=The New York Times|date=2020-08-04|access-date=2020-08-04|issn=0362-4331|language=en-US|first=Ben|last=Hubbard|first2=Maria|last2=Abi-Habib}}</ref> Sekitar 100 orang meninggal dunia,<ref>{{Cite news|title=Lebanon: at least 78 killed as huge explosion rocks Beirut|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/aug/04/huge-explosion-beirut-lebanon-shatters-windows-rocks-buildings|newspaper=The Guardian|date=2020-08-04|access-date=2020-08-04|issn=0261-3077|language=en-GB|first=Martin Chulov Michael Safi in Amman Julian Borger in|last=Washington}}</ref> lebih dari 4.000 orang mengalami luka-luka, dan banyak orang yang dilaporkan menghilang.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Beirut explosion: at least 78 dead and 4,000 wounded, says Lebanon health ministry – live updates|first2=Oliver|first5=Enjoli|last4=Liston|first4=Enjoli|last3=Phillips|first3=Tom|last2=Holmes (earlier)|last=Sullivan (now)|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/live/2020/aug/04/beirut-explosion-huge-blast-port-lebanon-capital|first=Helen|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077|access-date=2020-08-04|date=2020-08-04|newspaper=The Guardian|last5=Liston}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/08/huge-explosion-rocks-lebanon-capital-beirut-live-updates-200804163620414.html|title=Dozens killed, thousands wounded in Beirut explosion: Live|last=Gadzo|first=Mersiha|website=www.aljazeera.com|access-date=2020-08-04}}</ref>
==Latar belakang==
Ekonomi Lebanon tengah dilanda krisis saat kejadian ini terjadi, di mana pemerintah gagal membayar utang negara, jatuhnya mata uang [[Pound Lebanon|Pound]] dan 50% warganya berada di bawah garis kemiskinan.<ref>[https://www.cnnindonesia.com/ekonomi/20200805084457-92-532269/libanon-negara-yang-terperosok-dalam-krisis-ekonomi Libanon, Negara yang Terperosok dalam Krisis Ekonomi] Diakses 5 Agustus 2020</ref>
Pelabuhan Beirut menjadi pintu masuk maritim utama ke negara itu, di mana 3,000 kapal berlabuh setiap tahunnya.<ref name=grzeszczak>{{cite web |last1=Grzeszczak |first1=Jocelyn |title=What is the Port of Beirut? Everything We Know About the Site Following Deadly Explosion |url=https://www.newsweek.com/what-port-beirut-everything-we-know-about-site-following-deadly-explosion-1522830 |website=Newsweek |accessdate=5 Agustus 2020 |date=4 Agustus 2020}}</ref> Pelabuhan milik pemerintah ini memiliki 16 dermaga, 12 bengkel dan sebuah lumbung gandum. Pangkalan AL Lebanon juga berada dekat pelabuhan ini.
Pada 23 September 2013, kapal ''MV Rhosus'' berbendera [[Moldova]] berlayar dari [[Batumi]], [[Georgia]] ke Beira, [[Mozambik]] dengan membawa 2750 ton zat kimia [[amonium nitrat]].<ref name="rhosus.shiparrested">{{cite journal |url=https://shiparrested.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/The-Arrest-News-11th-issue.pdf#page=3 |title=m/v Rhosus — Arrest and Personal Freedom of the Crew |date=October 2015 |number=11 |journal=The Arrest News |accessdate=5 August 2020 |first1=Charbel |last1=Dagher |first2=Christine |last2=Maksoud |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200805004609/https://shiparrested.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/The-Arrest-News-11th-issue.pdf |archive-date=5 August 2020}}</ref> Saat di perjalanan, kapal ini terpaksa berlabuh di Beirut karena masalah mesin.<ref name="rhosus.tv2">{{Cite news|last=Jørgensen|first=Lars Bach|date=5 August 2020|title=Ekspert forklarer, hvad der sandsynligvis skete i Beirut|language=da|trans-title=Expert explains what probably happened in Beirut|work=TV 2|url=https://nyheder.tv2.dk/udland/2020-08-05-ekspert-forklarer-hvad-der-sandsynligvis-skete-i-beirut|url-status=live|accessdate=5 August 2020|quote=The large amount of potentially dangerous fertilizer has been there since 2014, when the Moldavian ship Rhosus had to port due to engine problems.}}</ref> Setelah diperiksa oleh pihak pelabuhan, Rhosus didapati tidak layak berlayar, dan dilarang melanjutkan perjalanannya.{{r|rhosus.tv2}} Semua awaknya dipulangkan dan si pemilik meninggalkan kapalnya karena bangkrut. Kemudian, ribuan ton zat kimia itu disimpan di gudang tanpa prosedur keamanan selama bertahun-tahun.<ref name="rhosus.jazeera">{{cite news|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/08/officials-knew-danger-beirut-port-years-200805032416684.html|title=Beirut blast: Tracing the explosives that tore the capital apart|first=Timour|last=Azhari|journal=[[Al Jazeera]]|date=5 Agustus 2020|accessdate=5 Agustus 2020}}</ref><ref name="rhosus.fleetmon">{{cite web |last1=Voytenko |first1=Mikhail |title=Crew kept hostages on a floating bomb — m/v Rhosus, Beirut |url=https://www.fleetmon.com/maritime-news/2014/4194/crew-kept-hostages-floating-bomb-mv-rhosus-beirut/ |website=fleetmon |date=23 July 2014 |access-date=4 August 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200804213142/https://www.fleetmon.com/maritime-news/2014/4194/crew-kept-hostages-floating-bomb-mv-rhosus-beirut/ |archive-date=4 Agustus 2020 |url-status=live}}</ref>
== Ledakan ==
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