Crew Dragon Demo-2: Perbedaan antara revisi

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{{Infobox spaceflight
| name = Crew Dragon Demo-2
| image = SpaceX Demo-2 Launch (NHQ202005300044) (cropped).jpg
| image_upright = 0.9
| image_caption = Roket [[Falcon 9]] meluncur dengan membawa wahana antariksa Crew Dragon ''Endeavour''.
| names_list = {{unbulleted list|Crew Demo-2<ref name="PAFB">{{cite web|url=https://www.patrick.af.mil/About-Us/Weather/|title=Launch Mission Execution Forecast|date=28 May 2020|accessdate=28 May 2020}} {{PD-notice}}</ref><ref name="SFN20200520">{{Cite web|title=SpaceX launches: DEMO-2 LAUNCH|url=https://www.spacex.com/launches/|date=26 May 2020|website=SpaceX|url-status=live|access-date=26 May 2020}}</ref>
|Dragon Crew Demo-2<ref name="PAFB"/><ref name="SFN20200520"/>}}
| mission_type = [[Penerbangan luar angkasa|Penerbangan luar angkasa berawak]] menuju [[ISS]]
 
| operator = {{Hlist|[[NASA]]|[[SpaceX]]}}
| mission_type = [[Penerbangan luar angkasa|Penerbangan luar angkasa berawak]] menuju [[ISS]]
| COSPAR_ID = 2020-033A
| operator = {{Hlist|[[NASA]]|[[SpaceX]]}}
| SATCAT = 45623
| COSPAR_ID = 2020-033A
| mission_duration = {{time interval|2020-05-30 19:22:45|2020-08-02 18:48:06|show=dhm}}
| SATCAT = 45623
| spacecraft = [[Dragon 2#List of vehicles|Crew Dragon C206 ''Endeavour'']]
| mission_duration = {{time interval|2020-05-30 19:22:45|2020-08-02 18:48:06|show=dhm}}
| manufacturer = [[SpaceX]]
 
| launch_mass = {{convert|9525|kg}}
| spacecraft = [[Dragon 2#List of vehicles|Crew Dragon C206 ''Endeavour'']]
| landing_mass = {{convert|9500|kg}}
| manufacturer = [[SpaceX]]
| crew_members = {{Unbulleted list|[[Douglas G. Hurley]]|[[Robert L. Behnken]]}}
| launch_mass = {{convert|9525|kg}}
| launch_date = {{start-date|30 Mei 2020, 19:22:45}} [[UTC]]<ref name=SF>{{Cite web|url=http://www.spacefacts.de/mission/english/dragon_spx-dm2.htm|title=Crew Dragon SpX-DM2|work=Spacefacts |accessdate=31 May 2020}}</ref>
| landing_mass = {{convert|9500|kg}}
| launch_rocket = [[Falcon 9|Falcon 9 Block 5]] B1058
| crew_members = {{Unbulleted list|[[Douglas G. Hurley]]|[[Robert L. Behnken]]}}
| launch_site = [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]], [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39A|LC-39A]]
 
| launch_date = {{start-date|30 Mei 2020, 19:22:45}} [[UTC]]<ref name=SF>{{Cite web|url=http://www.spacefacts.de/mission/english/dragon_spx-dm2.htm|title=Crew Dragon SpX-DM2|work=Spacefacts |accessdate=31 May 2020}}</ref>
| launch_rocket = [[Falcon 9|Falcon 9 Block 5]] B1058
| launch_site = [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]], [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39A|LC-39A]]
| launch_contractor = SpaceX
| landing_date = 2 Agustus 2020,<ref name="SFN20200624">{{cite web|url=https://spaceflightnow.com/2020/06/24/astronauts-gear-up-for-friday-spacewalk-amid-planning-for-early-august-crew-dragon-return/|title=Astronauts gear up for spacewalks amid planning for August Crew Dragon return|publisher=Spaceflight Now|date=24 Juni 2020|access-date=25 Juni 2020}}</ref> 18:48:06 UTC<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2020/08/02/spacex-return-updates/|title=NASA astronauts aboard SpaceX’s Crew Dragon capsule splash down in the Gulf of Mexico|publisher=Washington Post|access-date=3 Agustus 2020}}</ref>
| landing_site = [[Teluk Meksiko]], lepas pantai [[Pensacola, Florida]]
| recovery_by = [[GO = Navigator|GO ''Navigator'']]
| orbit_epoch = 30 Mei 2020
 
| orbit_reference = [[Orbit geosentris|Geosentris]]
| orbit_epoch = 30 Mei 2020
| orbit_reference orbit_regime = [[Orbit geosentrisbumi rendah|GeosentrisOrbit rendah]]
| orbit_regime = [[Orbit bumi rendah|Orbit rendah]]
| orbit_inclination = 51.66°<ref name=SF/>
| apsis = gee
| docking = {{Infobox spaceflight/Dock
| docking_target = [[Stasiun Luar Angkasa Internasional|ISS]]
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| time_docked = {{time interval|2020-05-31 14:27|2020-08-01 23:35|show=dhm}}
}}
| insignia = Crew Dragon Demo-2 Patch.png
| insignia_upright = 0.5
| programme = '''[[Program Commercial Crew]]'''
 
| previous_mission = [[Crew Dragon In-Flight Abort Test|SpaceX In-Flight Abort Test]]
| programme = '''[[Program Commercial Crew]]'''
| previous_mission next_mission = [[CrewBoeing DragonOrbital In-Flight AbortTest Test2|SpaceX InBoe-FlightOFT Abort Test2]]
| programme2 = '''[[Dragon 2|Crew Dragon]]'''
| next_mission = [[Boeing Orbital Flight Test 2|Boe-OFT 2]]
| programme2 = '''[[Dragon 2|Crew Dragon]]'''
| previous_mission2 = [[Crew Dragon In-Flight Abort Test|SpaceX In-Flight Abort Test]]
| next_mission2 = [[SpaceX Crew-1]]
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=== Pendaratan ===
Manager misi dari NASA merencanakan tujuh lokasi yang memungkinkan untuk pendaratan, yakni [[Pensacola, Florida|Pensacola]], [[Panama City|Panama City,]] [[Tallahassee, Florida|Tallahassee]], [[Tampa, Florida|Tampa]], [[Cape Canaveral|Canaveral]], [[Daytona Beach, Florida|Daytona Beach]], dan [[Jacksonville, Florida|Jacksonville]]. Perencanaan lokasi pendaratan yang tersebar di lepas pantai negara bagian Florida memungkinkan fleksibilitas apabila satu atau lebih lokasi pendaratan terkendala oleh cuaca.<ref name="SFN20200624"/> ''Endeavour'' kembali ke Bumi dengan 150 kg kargo, termasuk 90 kg kargo ilmiah yang sebagian besar dimuat dalam lemari pendingin.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.space.com/spacex-crew-dragon-demo-2-astronauts-undocking.html|title=SpaceX Crew Dragon undocks from space station to bring NASA astronauts home for 1st time|website=space.com|access-date=August 2, 2020}}</ref> Kapsul tersebut meninggalkan ISS pada 1 Agustus 2020 pukul 23:35 UTCuUTC. Kapsul menyelesaikan empat manuver untuk menjauh dari ISS, kemudian diikuti dengan sebuah manuver "phasing burn" yang berlangsung selama enam menit untuk menempatkan kapsul pada jalur yang mengarah kembali menuju Bumi. Awak misi dibangunkan pada hari terakhir misi menggunakan rekaman suara dari anak-anak mereka. Manuver "deorbit burn" berdurasi 11 menit 22 detik dilakukan pada pukul 17:56 UTC setelah pelepasan modul ''trunk''. Sebelum memasuki atmosfer pada pukul 18:11 UTC, bagian atas kapsul ditutup.
 
Setelah memasuki atmosfer, kapsul membuka parasut ''drogue'' pada pukul 18:44 UTC. Satu menit kemudian, empat parasut utama dibuka dan dikembangkan. Selama proses memasuki atmosfer dan pembukaan parasut ini, kapsul dan awaknya mengalami perlambatan 4 g. Pada pukul 18:48:06 UTC, ''Endeavour'' mendarat di lepas pantai [[Pensacola, Florida]]. Berakhirnya misi Demo-2 menandai pendaratan di air pertama bagi NASA sejak misi [[Proyek Apollo-Soyuz Test|Apollo-Soyuz]], 45 tahun yang lalu, sekaligus pendaratan di air pertama yang dilakukan oleh wahana antariksa berawak di [[Teluk Meksiko]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Sheetz|first=Michael|date=2020-08-02|title=SpaceX's Crew Dragon splashes down in the Gulf of Mexico, completing a historic NASA mission|url=https://www.cnbc.com/2020/08/02/spacex-crew-dragon-splashes-down-to-complete-historic-nasa-mission.html|access-date=2020-08-02|website=CNBC}}</ref><ref>https://www.wkrg.com/northwest-florida/nasa-confirms-spacex-crew-dragon-will-splashdown-in-pensacola/</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://blogs.nasa.gov/commercialcrew/2020/07/31/nasas-spacex-demo-2-weather-remains-go-for-return-live-coverage-tomorrow/#:~:text=Undocking%20remains%20scheduled%20for%20approximately,42%20p.m.%20EDT%20on%20Sunday|title=NASA's SpaceX Demo-2: Weather Remains "GO" for Return, Live Coverage Tomorrow|website=blogs.nasa.gov|access-date=August 1, 2020}} {{PD-notice}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nasa.gov/feature/top-10-things-to-know-for-nasa-s-spacex-demo-2-return |website=nasa.gov|title=Top 10 Things to Know for NASA's SpaceX Demo-2 Return|access-date=August 1, 2020}} {{PD-notice}}</ref><ref>[https://twitter.com/SpaceX/status/1289619914945253379 SpaceX twitter update]</ref>
 
Sebelum pintu wahana dibuka, insinyur yang bertugas di kapal [[GO Navigator|''GO'' ''Navigator'']] mendeteksi [[Dinitrogen tetroksida|dinitrogen tetraoksida]] dalam jumlah yang tidak semestinya di sekitar kapsul. Masalah ini dapat diselesaikan dengan pembersihan bahan bakar sisa di sistem pendorong [[Hipergolik (propelan)|hipergolik]] selama 30 menit. Selain masalah ini, sempat juga terjadi insiden berupa masuknya beberapa perahu pribadi di sekitar kapsul setelah pendaratan. Perahu-perahu yang tidak seharusnya berada di sekitar kapsul kemudian diperintahkan mundur hingga mencapai jarak aman oleh tim penyelamat. Langkah ini harus dilakukan karena perahu-perahu tersebut bisa saja membahayakan kebelangsungan misi atau bahkan diri mereka sendiri karena berada di dekat wahana antariksa yang masih mengandung unsur berbahaya.<ref name="FoustSplashdownCoverage" /><ref>{{Cite web|last=Neal|first=Mihir|last2=Gebhardt|first2=Chris|date=2020-08-02|title=Demo-2 safely returns Bob and Doug to Earth to conclude historic start to new Commercial Era|url=https://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2020/08/demo2-splashdown-in-gulf/|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2020-08-02|website=NASASpaceFlight.com|language=en-US}}</ref>
 
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