Gempa bumi dan tsunami Samudra Hindia 2004: Perbedaan antara revisi

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Ini adalah [[Daftar gempa bumi#Gempa bumi terbesar menurut kekuatan|gempa bumi terbesar ketiga]] yang pernah tercatat di [[seismograf]] dan durasi patahan terpanjang sepanjang sejarah (antara 8,3 dan 10&nbsp;menit).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nsf.gov/news/news_summ.jsp?cntn_id=104179|title=Analysis of the Sumatra-Andaman Earthquake Reveals Longest Fault Rupture Ever|date=19 May 2005|publisher=National Science Foundation|accessdate=15 December 2016}}</ref> Gempa ini menyebabkan seluruh planet Bumi bergetar {{convert|1|cm|in|1|abbr=off}}<ref>{{cite web|last=Walton|first=Marsha|url=http://edition.cnn.com/2005/TECH/science/05/19/sumatra.quake/index.html|title=Scientists: Sumatra quake longest ever recorded|work=[[CNN]]|date=20 May 2005|accessdate=15 December 2016}}</ref> dan memicu aktivitas gempa di berbagai wilayah, termasuk [[Alaska]].<ref>{{cite journal|last1=West|first1=Michael|last2=Sanches|first2=John J.|last3=McNutt|first3=Stephen R.|url=http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/308/5725/1144|title=Periodically Triggered Seismicity at Mount Wrangell, Alaska, After the Sumatra Earthquake|journal=[[Science (journal)|Science]]|date=20 May 2005|volume=308|issue=5725|pages=1144–1146|doi=10.1126/science.1112462}}</ref> Episentrumnya terletak antara Pulau [[Simeulue]] dan Sumatra.<ref name="Archived">{{cite journal|last1=Nalbant |first1=Suleyman S. |last2=Steacy |first2=Sandy |last3=Sieh |first3=Kerry |last4=Natawidjaja |first4=Danny |last5=McCloskey |first5=John |title=Seismology: Earthquake risk on the Sunda trench |journal=[[Nature (journal)|Nature]] |date=9 June 2005 |volume=435 |issue=7043 |pages=756–757 |doi=10.1038/nature435756a |url=http://www.gps.caltech.edu/~sieh/pubs_docs/papers/P05b.pdf |accessdate=16 May 2009 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5gsK7TQaG?url=http://www.gps.caltech.edu/~sieh/pubs_docs/papers/P05b.pdf |archivedate=19 May 2009 |deadurl=yes |df= }}</ref> Penderitaan [[negara yang terdampak gempa bumi Samudra Hindia 2004|masyarakat dan negara terdampak]] mendorong berbagai negara untuk memberi [[tanggapan kemanusiaan untuk gempa bumi Samudra Hindia 2004|bantuan kemanusiaan]]. Masyarakat internasional secara keseluruhan menyumbangkan lebih dari US$14 miliar (2004) dalam bentuk bantuan kemanusiaan.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Jayasuriya|first1=Sisira|last2=McCawley|first2=Peter|url=http://www.e-elgar.co.uk/Bookentry_Main.lasso?id=13668|title=The Asian Tsunami: Aid and Reconstruction after a Disaster|location=Cheltenham UK and Northampton MA USA|publisher=Edward Elgar|date=2010|isbn=978-1-84844-692-2}}</ref> Peristiwa ini dikenal di [[komunitas ilmiah|kalangan peneliti]] sebagai '''gempa bumi Sumatra–Andaman'''.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Lay|first1=T.|last2=Kanamori|first2=H.|last3=Ammon|first3=C.|last4=Nettles|first4=M.|last5=Ward|first5=S.|last6=Aster|first6=R.|last7=Beck|first7=S.|last8=Bilek|first8=S.|last9=Brudzinski|first9=M.|last10=Butler|first10=R.|last11=DeShon|first11=H.|last12=Ekström|first12=G.|last13=Satake|first13=K.|last14=Sipkin|first14=S.|title=The Great Sumatra-Andaman Earthquake of 26 December 2004|journal=Science|date=20 May 2005|volume=308|issue=5725|pages=1127–1133|doi=10.1126/science.1112250}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://walrus.wr.usgs.gov/tsunami/sumatraEQ/|title=Tsunamis and Earthquakes: Tsunami Generation from the 2004 Sumatra Earthquake&nbsp;— USGS Western Coastal and Marine Geology|publisher=Walrus.wr.usgs.gov|accessdate=12 August 2010}}</ref> [[Tsunami]] yang terjadi sesudahnya mendapat berbagai julukan, termasuk tsunami Samudra Hindia 2004, tsunami Asia Selatan, tsunami Aceh, tsunami Indonesia, tsunami Natal, dan '''tsunami Boxing Day'''.