Supernova super-bercahaya: Perbedaan antara revisi

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{{For|jenis supernova paling kuat|Hipernova}}[[Berkas:SN 2006gy, NASA illustration.jpg|250px|jmpl|Salah satu Supernova super-bercahaya yang diketahui [[SN 2006gy]].]]
'''Supernova super-bercahaya (SLSNe)''' ([[Bahasa Inggris|Inggris]]: ''Superluminous'' s''upernova'') adalah peristiwa langka ledakan [[supernova runtuh-inti]] (CCSNe) hingga 100 kali lebih terang dari supernova biasa, tidak ada konsensus tentang bagaimana ledakan bintang terang seperti itu diproduksi, tetapi menyumbang kurang dari 0,1 % dari semua supernova. SLSNe merupakan ledakan bintang yang berlangsung lebih lama, berbulan-bulan dari supernova normal yang hanya beberabeberapa minggu.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Inserra|first=C.|last2=Bulla|first2=M.|last3=Sim|first3=S. A.|last4=Smartt|first4=S. J.|date=2016-10|title=SPECTROPOLARIMETRY OF SUPERLUMINOUS SUPERNOVAE: INSIGHT INTO THEIR GEOMETRY|url=https://doi.org/10.3847%2F0004-637x%2F831%2F1%2F79|journal=The Astrophysical Journal|language=en|volume=831|issue=1|pages=79|doi=10.3847/0004-637X/831/1/79|issn=0004-637X}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=SN 2008es: Strong Interacting Hydrogen-rich Superluminous Supernova|url=http://www.stsci.edu/contents/newsletters/2019-volume-36-issue-03/sn-2008es-strong-interacting-hydrogen-rich-superluminous-supernova|website=STScI.edu|language=en|access-date=2020-10-03}}</ref> Masih banyak yang tidak diketahui tentang kekuatan supernova super-bercahaya; mereka melepaskan lebih banyak energi daripada mekanisme standar apapun untuk menjelaskan Supernova,<ref>{{Cite web|title=Astrophysicists One Step Closer to Unlocking Mystery of Superluminous Supernovae {{!}} Astronomy {{!}} Sci-News.com|url=http://www.sci-news.com/astronomy/superluminous-supernova-sn-2006gy-08050.html|website=Breaking Science News {{!}} Sci-News.com|language=en-US|access-date=2020-07-31}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web|last=January 2020|first=Charles Q. Choi 23|title=The mystery behind a superbright supernova may just have been solved|url=https://www.space.com/superluminous-supernova-explosion-explained.html|website=Space.com|language=en|access-date=2020-07-31}}</ref> tetapi menghasilkan pengamatan multi-panjang gelombang yang padat,<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Anderson|first=J. P.|last2=Pessi|first2=P. J.|last3=Dessart|first3=L.|last4=Inserra|first4=C.|last5=Hiramatsu|first5=D.|last6=Taggart|first6=K.|last7=Smartt|first7=S. J.|last8=Leloudas|first8=G.|last9=Chen|first9=T.-W.|date=2018-12-01|title=A nearby super-luminous supernova with a long pre-maximum & “plateau” and strong C II features|url=https://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/abs/2018/12/aa33725-18/aa33725-18.html|journal=Astronomy & Astrophysics|language=en|volume=620|pages=A67|doi=10.1051/0004-6361/201833725|issn=0004-6361}}</ref> dan mungkin sumber luminositas utama mereka, yaitu [[peluruhan nuklir]] 56Ni, interaksi antara [[ejekta]] supernova dan media lingkungan padat, dan putaran bawah [[magnetar]].<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Moriya|first=Takashi J.|last2=Sorokina|first2=Elena I.|last3=Chevalier|first3=Roger A.|date=2018-03|title=Superluminous Supernovae|url=http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11214-018-0493-6|journal=Space Science Reviews|language=en|volume=214|issue=2|pages=59|doi=10.1007/s11214-018-0493-6|issn=0038-6308}}</ref>
 
SLSNe dapat diklasifikasikan menjadi dua tipe, peristiwa miskin [[hidrogen]] SLSNE tipe I dan kaya hidrogen SLSNe tipe II.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Arcavi|first=Iair|last2=Wolf|first2=William M.|last3=Howell|first3=D. Andrew|last4=Bildsten|first4=Lars|last5=Leloudas|first5=Giorgos|last6=Hardin|first6=Delphine|last7=Prajs|first7=Szymon|last8=Perley|first8=Daniel A.|last9=Svirski|first9=Gilad|date=2016-02|title=RAPIDLY RISING TRANSIENTS IN THE SUPERNOVA—SUPERLUMINOUS SUPERNOVA GAP|url=https://doi.org/10.3847%2F0004-637x%2F819%2F1%2F35|journal=The Astrophysical Journal|language=en|volume=819|issue=1|pages=35|doi=10.3847/0004-637X/819/1/35|issn=0004-637X}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite journal|last=Dong|first=S.|last2=Shappee|first2=B. J.|last3=Prieto|first3=J. L.|last4=Jha|first4=S. W.|last5=Stanek|first5=K. Z.|last6=Holoien|first6=T. W.- S.|last7=Kochanek|first7=C. S.|last8=Thompson|first8=T. A.|last9=Morrell|first9=N.|date=2016-01-15|title=ASASSN-15lh: A highly super-luminous supernova|url=https://www.sciencemag.org/lookup/doi/10.1126/science.aac9613|journal=Science|language=en|volume=351|issue=6270|pages=257–260|doi=10.1126/science.aac9613|issn=0036-8075}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{Cite journal|last=Gal-Yam|first=Avishay|date=2019-08-18|title=The Most Luminous Supernovae|url=https://www.annualreviews.org/doi/10.1146/annurev-astro-081817-051819|journal=Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics|volume=57|issue=1|pages=305–333|doi=10.1146/annurev-astro-081817-051819|issn=0066-4146}}</ref> Pengamatan sebelumnya supernova super-bercahaya menemukan bahwa mereka biasanya galaksi bermassa rendah atau [[Galaksi katai|katai]], yang cenderung kurang kaya akan [[logam]] dibandingkan galaksi yang lebih masif untuk SLSNe miskim hidrogen.<ref name=":4">{{Cite journal|date=2015|title=Possible superluminous supernova becomes object of intense study|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/pt.5.029031|journal=Physics Today|doi=10.1063/pt.5.029031|issn=1945-0699}}</ref> SLSNe kaya hidrogen cenderung terbentuk di galaksi dengan pembentuk bintang yang beragam.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Schulze|first=S.|last2=Krühler|first2=T.|last3=Leloudas|first3=G.|last4=Gorosabel|first4=J.|last5=Mehner|first5=A.|last6=Buchner|first6=J.|last7=Kim|first7=S.|last8=Ibar|first8=E.|last9=Amorín|first9=R.|date=2018-01-01|title=Cosmic evolution and metal aversion in superluminous supernova host galaxies|url=https://academic.oup.com/mnras/article/473/1/1258/4157803|journal=Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society|language=en|volume=473|issue=1|pages=1258–1285|doi=10.1093/mnras/stx2352|issn=0035-8711}}</ref>