Mikroskop cahaya: Perbedaan antara revisi
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== Tipe ==
[[Berkas:Microscope simple diagram.png|thumb|right|150px|Diagram sebuah mikroskop sederhana]]
Terdapat dua tipe mikroskop cahaya, yakni mikroskop sederhana dan mikroskop majemuk.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Harijati|first=Nunung|last2=Samino|first2=Setijono|last3=Indriyani|first3=Serafinah|last4=Soewondo|first4=Aris|date=Oktober 2017|url=https://books.google.co.id/books?id=RxRTDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA3|title=Mikroteknik Dasar|location=Malang|publisher=UB Press|isbn=|pages=3-5|url-status=live}}</ref> Mikroskop sederhana menggunakan [[daya optis]] dari lensa tunggal atau
=== Mikroskop sederhana ===
Mikroskop sederhana menggunakan lensa tunggal atau sepasang lensa untuk menghasilkan perbesaran objek. Bayangan yang dihasilkan oleh mikroskop sederhana bersifat maya, tegak, dan diperbesar.<ref>{{cite book|author=Trisha Knowledge Systems|title=The IIT Foundation Series - Physics Class 8, 2/e|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NKh9dQKnTdEC&pg=PA213|publisher=Pearson Education India|isbn=978-81-317-6147-2|page=213}}</ref> Penggunaan lensa cembung tunggal seperti ini dapat ditemukan pada alat perbesaran seperti [[kaca pembesar]], [[lup]], dan lensa okuler.
[[Berkas:Microscope compound diagram.png|thumb|left|150px|Diagram mikroskop majemuk]]
<!--===Varian mikroskop lainnya===
Terdapat banyak varian mikroskop majemuk yang dibedakan berdasarkan fungsinya. Beberapa varian memiliki bentuk fisik yang berbeda untuk digunakan pada fungsi-fungsi tertentu:
* [[Mikroskop stereo]], a low-powered microscope which provides a stereoscopic view of the sample, commonly used for dissection.
* [[Comparison microscope]], which has two separate light paths allowing direct comparison of two samples via one image in each eye.
* [[Inverted microscope]], for studying samples from below; useful for cell cultures in liquid, or for metallography.
* Fiber optic connector inspection microscope, designed for connector end-face inspection
* [[Traveling microscope]], for studying samples of high [[optical resolution]].
Other microscope variants are designed for different illumination techniques:
* [[Petrographic microscope]], whose design usually includes a polarizing filter, rotating stage and gypsum plate to facilitate the study of minerals or other crystalline materials whose optical properties can vary with orientation.
* [[Polarizing microscope]], similar to the petrographic microscope.
* [[Phase-contrast microscope]], which applies the phase contrast illumination method.
* [[Epifluorescence microscope]], designed for analysis of samples which include fluorophores.
* [[Confocal microscope]], a widely used variant of epifluorescent illumination which uses a scanning laser to illuminate a sample for fluorescence.
*[[Two-photon excitation microscopy|Two-photon microscope]], used to image fluorescence deeper in scattering media and reduce photobleaching, especially in living samples.
* Student microscope – an often low-power microscope with simplified controls and sometimes low quality optics designed for school use or as a starter instrument for children.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.well.ox.ac.uk/_asset/file/buying-a-cheap-microscope-for-home.pdf|title=Buying a cheap microscope for home use|access-date=5 November 2015|publisher=Oxford University.|url-status=live|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305042314/http://www.well.ox.ac.uk/_asset/file/buying-a-cheap-microscope-for-home.pdf|archivedate=5 March 2016}}</ref>
* [[Ultramicroscope]], an adapted light microscope that uses [[light scattering]] to allow viewing of tiny particles whose diameter is below or near the wavelength of visible light (around 500 nanometers); mostly obsolete since the advent of [[electron microscope]]s
*[[Tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy|Tip-enhanced Raman microscope]], is a variant of optical microscope based on [[tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy]], without traditional wavelength-based resolution limits.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Kumar|first=Naresh|last2=Weckhuysen|first2=Bert M.|last3=Wain|first3=Andrew J.|last4=Pollard|first4=Andrew J.|date=April 2019|title=Nanoscale chemical imaging using tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy|journal=Nature Protocols|volume=14|issue=4|pages=1169–1193|doi=10.1038/s41596-019-0132-z|pmid=30911174|issn=1750-2799|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Lee|first=Joonhee|last2=Crampton|first2=Kevin T.|last3=Tallarida|first3=Nicholas|last4=Apkarian|first4=V. Ara|date=April 2019|title=Visualizing vibrational normal modes of a single molecule with atomically confined light|journal=Nature|volume=568|issue=7750|pages=78–82|doi=10.1038/s41586-019-1059-9|pmid=30944493|issn=1476-4687}}</ref> This microscope primarily realized on the [[Scanning probe microscopy|scanning-probe microscope]] platforms using all optical tools.-->
== Jenis lensa ==
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