Kejatuhan Tiongkok: Perbedaan antara revisi

"'''Kejatuhan Tiongkok'''", dalam diskursus politik Amerika Serikat, mengacu pada peristiwa jatuhnya [[Tiongkok daratan]] ke tangan [[Partai Komunis Tiongkok|Partai Komunis]] dari [[Kuomintang|Nasionalis]] yang dibeking Amerika Serikat pada tahun 1949,<ref name="chomsky-14-02-2012">{{cite web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/cifamerica/2012/feb/14/losing-the-world-american-decline-noam-chomsky |title="Losing" the World: American Decline in Perspective, Part 1 |author=Noam Chomsky |date=14 February 2012 |work= |publisher=Guardian Comment Network |accessdate=March 10, 2012}}</ref><ref name="waldron">{{cite news|url=http://www.weeklystandard.com/articles/how-china-was-lost_696345.html|title=How China Was 'Lost' – And could it have been saved?|last=Waldron|first=Arthur|author-link1=Arthur Waldron|date=January 28, 2013|work=The Weekly Standard |volume=18 |issue=19 |accessdate=2 August 2015}}</ref> dan lantas dijuluki sebagai "kejatuhan Tiongkok ke [tangan] [[komunisme]]". Oleh pengkritik [[pemerintahan Truman]], "Kejatuhan Tiongkok" digambarkan sebagai "bencana yang dapat dihindari".<ref>{{cite book |title=Perpetuating Patriotic Perceptions: The Cognitive Function of the Cold War |last=Hirshberg |first=Matthew S. |year=1993 |publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group |location= |isbn= 9780275941659 |pages=55–56}}</ref> Peristiwa ini memicu "perdebatan yang membelah masyarakat". Isu ini dimanfaatkan oleh [[Partai Republik (Amerika Serikat)|Partai Republik]] pada pemilu 1952.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Herring |first1=George C. |year=1991 |title=America and Vietnam: The Unending War |journal=Foreign Affairs |volume=70 |issue=5 |series=America and the Pacific, 1941-1991 (Winter, 1991) |pages=104–119 |publisher=Council on Foreign Relations |doi= 10.2307/20045006|jstor=20045006}}</ref> Isu ini juga mendorong munculnya sosok [[Joseph McCarthy]],<ref>{{cite book |title=Into the Quagmire: Lyndon Johnson and the Escalation of the Vietnam War |url=https://archive.org/details/intoquagmirelynd00vand |last=VanDeMark |first=Brian |authorlink= |coauthors= |year=1995 |publisher=Oxford University Press |location= |isbn= 9780195096507 |page=[https://archive.org/details/intoquagmirelynd00vand/page/25 25] |quote=As [President [[Lyndon Johnson]]] later recalled "I knew [[Harry Truman]] and [[Dean Acheson]] had lost their effectiveness from the day that the Communists took over in China. I believed that the loss of China had played a large role in the rise of Joe McCarthy. And I knew that all these problems, taken together, were chickenshit compared with what might happen if we lost Vietnam."}}</ref> yang mencari kambing hitam atas "kejatuhan" tersebut dan menyasar [[Owen Lattimore]], pakar Asia Tengah ternama.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.campus-watch.org/article/id/2373 |title=The New McCarthyism in Academe |author=Ellen Schrecker |date=Fall 2005 |work=Thought & Action |publisher=Campus Watch |accessdate=July 2, 2012}}</ref>