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Baris 43:
# Tahun 1845, penganut Goldfuss mengembangkannya agar meliputi semua hewan [[bersel satu]] seperti [[Foraminifera]] dan [[Ameba]].
# Awal 1860an, istilah ''Protoctista'' sebagai kategori klasifikasi pertama kali diusulkan oleh [[John Hogg]], yang menganggap protista harus juga meliputi apa yang dia sebut dengan hewan dan tumbuhan primitif [[bersel satu]]. Dia mendefinisikan Protoctista sebagai kingdom keempat setelah tumbuhan, hewan, dan mineral.<ref name=Scamardella1999/>
# Kemudian kingdom mineral dibuang oleh [[Ernst Haeckel]], tersisa tumbuhan, hewan, dan protista.<ref name=Rothschild1989>{{cite journal |author=Rothschild LJ |title=Protozoa, Protista, Protoctista: what's in a name? |journal=J Hist Biol |volume=22 |issue=2 |pages=277–305 |year=1989 |pmid=11542176 |doi=10.1007/BF00139515 |url=http://www.springerlink.com/index/LW54T61737212643.pdf }}{{Pranala mati|date=Maret 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
# Tahun 1938, [[Herbert Copeland]] menghidupkan lagi klasifikasi Hogg. Menurutnya, "Protoctista" secara harfiah berarti "makhluk hidup pertama". Dia menyanggah istilah Haeckel ''protista'' karena meliputi mikrob tak berinti sel seperti [[Bakteri]], sementara istilah ''protoctista'' tidak meliputinya. Sebaliknya, ''protoctista'' meliputi [[eukaryota]] [[inti sel|berinti sel]] seperti [[diatom]], [[alga hijau]] dan [[fungi]].<ref name=Copeland1938>{{cite journal | author = Copeland, H. F. | year = 1938 | title = The Kingdoms of Organisms | journal = Quarterly Review of Biology | volume = 13 | issue = 4 | pages = 383 | doi = 10.1086/394568 | url = http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0033-5770(193812)13%3A4%3C383%3ATKOO%3E2.0.CO%3B2-K}}</ref>
# Perombakan besar oleh Copeland ini kemudian menjadi dasar dari klasifikasi Whittaker yang hanya membagi Protoctista menjadi Protista dan [[Fungi]].<ref name=Whittaker1959>{{cite journal | author = Whittaker, R. H. | year = 1959 | title = On the Broad Classification of Organisms | journal = Quarterly Review of Biology | volume = 34 | issue = 3 | pages = 210 | doi = 10.1086/402733 | url = http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0033-5770(195909)34%3A3%3C210%3AOTBCOO%3E2.0.CO%3B2-J}}</ref> Kingdom Protista ini kemudian berfungsi sebagai pembeda antara [[prokaryota]] yang dimasukkan kingdom [[Monera]], dan mikroorganisme eukaryotik yang dimasukkan Protista definisi Whittaker.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Whittaker RH |title=New concepts of kingdoms or organisms. Evolutionary relations are better represented by new classifications than by the traditional two kingdoms |journal=Science (journal) |volume=163 |issue=863 |pages=150–60 |year=1969 |month=January |pmid=5762760 |doi=10.1126/science.163.3863.150}}</ref>
Baris 146:
* Fontaneto, D. ''Biogeography of Microscopic Organisms. Is Everything Small Everywhere?'' Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2011.
* Levandowsky, M. ''Physiological Adaptations of Protists''. In: ''Cell physiology sourcebook: essentials of membrane biophysics''. Amsterdam; Boston: Elsevier/AP, 2012.
* Moore, R. C., and other editors. ''[[Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology]]''. Protista, part B ([http://129.237.145.244:591/FMPro?-db=treatise&-format=treatise%2fdetails1.html&-lay=table&-sortfield=sort%20number&part=Part%20A&-max=2147483647&-recid=32775&-findall= vol. 1]{{Pranala mati|date=Maret 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, Charophyta, [http://129.237.145.244:591/FMPro?-db=treatise&-format=treatise%2fdetails1.html&-lay=table&-sortfield=sort%20number&part=Part%20A&-max=2147483647&-recid=32803&-findall= vol. 2] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161009084415/http://129.237.145.244:591/FMPro?-db=treatise&-format=treatise%2fdetails1.html&-lay=table&-sortfield=sort%20number&part=Part%20A&-max=2147483647&-recid=32803&-findall= |date=2016-10-09 }}, Chrysomonadida, Coccolithophorida, Charophyta, Diatomacea & Pyrrhophyta), [http://129.237.145.244:591/FMPro?-db=treatise&-format=treatise%2fdetails1.html&-lay=table&-sortfield=sort%20number&part=Part%20A&-max=2147483647&-recid=82&-findall= part C] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161009084510/http://129.237.145.244:591/FMPro?-db=treatise&-format=treatise%2fdetails1.html&-lay=table&-sortfield=sort%20number&part=Part%20A&-max=2147483647&-recid=82&-findall= |date=2016-10-09 }} (Sarcodina, Chiefly "Thecamoebians" and Foraminiferida) and [http://129.237.145.244:591/FMPro?-db=treatise&-format=treatise%2fdetails1.html&-lay=table&-sortfield=sort%20number&part=Part%20A&-max=2147483647&-recid=83&-findall= part D]{{Pranala mati|date=Maret 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} (Chiefly Radiolaria and Tintinnina). Boulder, Colorado: Geological Society of America; & Lawrence, Kansas: University of Kansas Press.
== Pranala luar ==
Baris 154:
* [http://tolweb.org/Eukaryotes/3 Tree of Life: Eukaryotes]
* [http://phylogenetics.bioapps.biozentrum.uni-wuerzburg.de/etv/ A java applet for exploring the new higher level classification of eukaryotes]
* [http://www.planktonchronicles.org/en/episode/9 Plankton Chronicles – Protists – Cells in the Sea – video] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110907012031/http://www.planktonchronicles.org/en/episode/9 |date=2011-09-07 }}
* [http://protist.i.hosei.ac.jp/pdb/images/subjects/indexE.html Database of protist images]
* Holt, Jack R. and Carlos A. Iudica. 2013. Diversity of Life. http://comenius.susqu.edu/biol/202/Taxa.htm. Last modified: 11/18/13.
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