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Baris 29: Pada sianida anorganik, seperti [[natrium sianida]] dan [[kalium sianida]], gugus CN ada sebagai '''ion sianida''' [[poliatomik]] yang bermuatan negatif (CN<sup>−</sup>); senyawa ini, yang merupakan [[garam (kimia)\|garam]] dari [[asam sianida]], adalah senyawa yang sangat beracun.<ref name="CMC">{{Cite web\|url=http://www.cyanidecode.org/cyanide_environmental.php\| title=Environmental and Health Effects of Cyanide\| publisher=International Cyanide Management Institute\|year=2006\| accessdate=4 August 2009}}</ref> Ion sianida bersifat [[isoelektronik]] dengan [[karbon monoksida]] dan [[nitrogen]] molekuler.<ref>Greenwood, N. N.; & Earnshaw, A. (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd Edn.), Oxford:Butterworth-Heinemann. ISBN 0-7506-3365-4.{{page needed\|date = July 2015}}</ref><ref>G. L. Miessler and D. A. Tarr "Inorganic Chemistry" 3rd Ed, Pearson/Prentice Hall publisher, ISBN 0-13-035471-6.{{page needed\|date = July 2015}}</ref> Sianida organik umumnya disebut [[nitril]]; gugus CN terhubung melalui [[ikatan kovalen]] dengan gugus bermuatan karbon, seperti [[metil]] (-CH<sub>3</sub>) pada metil sianida ([[asetonitril]]). Karena tidak melepas ion sianida, maka nitril umumnya lebih tidak beracun, atau seperti pada polimer tidak larut seperti [[serat akrilik]], maka sama sekali tidak beracun kecuali jika dibakar.<ref name="CDC">{{Cite web\|url=http://www.bt.cdc.gov/Agent/cyanide/basics/facts.asp\|title=Facts about cyanide:Where cyanide is found and how it is used\|last=Anon\|date=27 January 2004\|work=CDC Emergency preparedness and response\|publisher=Centers for Disease Control and Prevention\|accessdate=13 April 2010\|archive-date=2010-04-15\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100415140426/http://www.bt.cdc.gov/agent/cyanide/basics/facts.asp\|dead-url=yes}}</ref> [[Hidrogen sianida\|Asam sianida]] (HCN) adalah senyawa berbentuk cairan yang mudah menguap, biasa digunakan dalam pembuatan [[asetonitril]] yang kemudian digunakan untuk produksi [[serat akrilik]], [[karet sintetis]], dan [[plastik]].<ref name="Facts About Cyanide">{{cite web \|url=http://www.bt.cdc.gov/agent/cyanide/basics/facts.asp \|title=CDC {{!}} Facts About Cyanide \|trans-title= \|author= \|date= \|work=bt.cdc.gov \|publisher= \|accessdate={{date\|February 1, 2016}} \|language=bahasa Inggris \|quote=Cyanide is contained in cigarette smoke and the combustion products of synthetic materials such as plastics. Combustion products are substances given off when things burn. In manufacturing, cyanide is used to make paper, textiles, and plastics. \|archivedate=2010-04-15 \|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100415140426/http://www.bt.cdc.gov/agent/cyanide/basics/facts.asp \|dead-url=noyes }}</ref> Sianida juga digunakan dalam berbagai proses kimia, seperti [[fumigasi]], pengerasan [[besi]] dan [[baja]], [[elektroplating]], dan pemurnian [[bijih]]. Di alam, bahan - bahan yang mengandung sianida terdapat dalam beberapa biji buah, seperti lubang ceri dan biji apel. == Nomenklatur dan etimologi == Baris 57: === Ruang antariksa === Radikal sianida ·CN telah ditemukan di ruang antariksa.<ref>{{Cite journal \|last=Pieniazek \|first=Piotr A. \|author2=Bradforth, Stephen E. \|author3=Krylov, Anna I. \|title=Spectroscopy of the Cyano Radical in an Aqueous Environment \|date=2005-12-07 \|pages=4854–65 \|issue=14 \|volume=110 \|url=http://www-bcf.usc.edu/~krylov/pubs/pdf/jpca-110-4854.pdf \|journal=The Journal of Physical Chemistry A \|pmid=16599455 \|format=PDF \|doi=10.1021/jp0545952 \|bibcode=2006JPCA..110.4854P \|access-date=2019-02-08 \|archive-date=2008-09-11 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080911131555/http://www-bcf.usc.edu/~krylov/pubs/pdf/jpca-110-4854.pdf \|dead-url=yes }}</ref> Radikal sianida (disebut sianogen) digunakan untuk mengukur suhu awan gas antariksa.<ref>{{cite journal \|title = Interstellar Cyanogen and the Temperature of the Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation \|author1=Roth, K. C. \|author2=Meyer, D. M. \|author3=Hawkins, I. \|journal = The Astrophysical Journal \|year = 1993 \|volume = 413 \|issue = 2 \|pages = L67–L71 \|doi = 10.1086/186961 \|bibcode = 1993ApJ...413L..67R \|url = http://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-iarticle_query?1993ApJ...413L..67R&data_type=PDF_HIGH&whole_paper=YES&type=PRINTER&filetype=.pdf \|format = pdf }}</ref> === Pirolisis dan produk pembakaran === Baris 180: * [http://www.inchem.org/documents/cicads/cicads/cicad61.htm Hydrogen cyanide and cyanides] ([[CICAD]] 61) * [http://www.inchem.org/documents/antidote/antidote/ant02.htm#SubSectionNumber:1.13.1 IPCS/CEC Evaluation of antidotes for poisoning by cyanides] * [http://www.npi.gov.au/database/substance-info/profiles/29.html National Pollutant Inventory - Cyanide compounds fact sheet] {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060517035532/http://www.npi.gov.au/database/substance-info/profiles/29.html \|date=2006-05-17 }} * [http://www.snopes.com/food/warnings/apples.asp#add Eating apple seeds is safe despite the small amount of cyanide]

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