|
Dalam [[psikologi]], '' "stres" ''adalah [[perasaan]] ketegangan dan tekanan emosional. <ref> {{Cite news|date=2013-11-18|title=Stress|url=http://www.mentalhealthamerica.net/conditions/stress|work=Mental Health America|access-date=2021-03-22}} </ref> Stres adalah salah satu jenis [[penderitaan psikologis]]. Sedikit stres mungkin diinginkan, bermanfaat, dan bahkan menyehatkan. Stres positif membantu meningkatkan kinerja atletik. Ini juga berperan dalam [[motivasi]], adaptasi, dan reaksi terhadap lingkungan. Jumlah stres yang berlebihan, bagaimanapun, dapat menyebabkan [[Stres (biologi) | kerusakan tubuh]]. Stres dapat meningkatkan risiko [[stroke]], [[infark miokard | serangan jantung]], [[ulkus]], dan [[model stres diatesis | penyakit mental]] seperti depresi <ref> {{cite book|last1=Sapolsky|first=Robert M.|date=2004|title=Why Zebras Don't Get Ulcers|location=175 Fifth Ave, New York, N.Y.|publisher=St. Martins Press|isbn=978-0-8050-7369-0|pages=37, 71, 92, 271|author-link=Robert Sapolsky|url-status=live|lokasi=175 Fifth Ave, New York, NY}} </ref> dan juga memperburuk kondisi yang sudah ada sebelumnya.
Stres dapat bersifat eksternal dan terkait dengan lingkungan,<ref>{{Cite book|last=Jones|first=Fiona|last2=Bright|first2=Jim|last3=Clow|first3=Angela|date=2001|url=https://books.google.co.id/books?id=QGsX-N28wjkC&lpg=PP1&dq=%22Stress%22&as_brr=3&hl=bg&pg=PA4&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false|title=Stress: Myth, Theory and Research|publisher=Prentice Hall|isbn=978-0-13-041189-1|language=en}}</ref> tetapi juga dapat disebabkan oleh persepsi internal yang menyebabkan seseorang mengalami [[kegelisahan]] atau emosi negatif lainnya di sekitar suatu situasi, seperti tekanan, [[ketidaknyamanan]], dll., yang kemudian mereka anggap menimbulkan stres.
== Sejarah ==
Sebelum pengenalan konsep "stresstress" dalam pengertian psikologis c. 1955,<ref>"stres". [[Oxford English Dictionary]] (edisi ke-2). [[Oxford University Press]]. 1989. - "1955 H. Basowitz et al. Anxiety & Stress i. 7 Anxiety has been defined in terms of an affective response; stress is the stimulus condition likely to arouse such response."</ref><ref>Douglas, Harper. "[https://www.etymonline.com/word/stress stres]".''[[Online Etymology Dictionary]]''. Diakses tanggal 2021-03-22. - "stress (n.) [...] The purely psychological sense is attested from 1955."</ref> orang telah mengidentifikasi berbagai ide yang lebih bernuansa untuk menggambarkan dan menghadapi [[emosi]] seperti [[kekhawatiran]], [[kesedihan]], perhatian,<ref>{{Cite book|last=Linn|first=Margaret W.|date=1986|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BJYiAwAAQBAJ|title=Stress, Social Support, And Women|location=Abingdon|publisher=Taylor & Francis|isbn=978-1-317-77060-2|editor-last=Hobfoll|editor-first=Stevan E.|series=Clinical and Community Psychology|publication-date=2014|pages=233|language=en|chapter=Elderly Women's Health and Psychological Adjustment: Life Stressors and Social Support|quote=Although the SRRS identified women with high and low stress, it also appeared limited in covering certain areas of stress currently felt by these women. For example, worry and concern about events that have not happened, or in some cases did happen but were not included on the scale, were common.|access-date=2021-03-22|url-status=live}}</ref> [[obsesi]], [[ketakutan]], [[kejengkelan]], [[kegelisahan]], [[kesusahan]], [[penderitaan]] dan [[semangatgairah]].<ref>Setelah diakui secara luas, penggunaan konsep "passion" tampaknya berkurang ketika konsep "stresstress" menjadi populer. Lihat [https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=passion%2Cstress&year_start=1750&year_end=2019&corpus=26&smoothing=3&direct_url=t1%3B%2Cpassion%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Cstress%3B%2Cc0 penggunaan Ngram untuk dua istilah tersebut].</ref> "StresStress" kemudian menjadi andalan dalam [[Psikologi popular|psikologi pop]].<ref>Sebagai contoh: {{Cite book|last=Carr|first=Alan|date=2012|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=u4aDPdw0Fi4C|title=Clinical Psychology: An Introduction|location=London|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-0-415-68397-5|pages=22|language=en|quote=This stress-induced focus on the self is compounded by exposure to 'pop-psychology' advice to use selffocused stress management techniques during interviews.|access-date=2021-03-21|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Cohen|first=Lisa J.|date=2011-01-01|url=https://books.google.co.id/books?id=7MYDiuupuhYC&redir_esc=y|title=The Handy Psychology Answer Book|location=Detroit|publisher=Visible Ink Press|isbn=978-1-57859-354-5|pages=401|language=en|quote=Popular or ''pop psychology'' is aimed at a popular audience and communicated through the mass media. It addresses topics related to psychology—such as romantic relationships, stress management, child rearing, and sexuality [...]|access-date=2021-03-22|url-status=live}}</ref>
== Lihat juga ==
|
