Isabel dari Kastila: Perbedaan antara revisi
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|place of death =Medina del Campo
|place of burial =Capilla Real, [[Granada]], [[Spanyol]]
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'''Isabel I dari Kastila''' ({{Lang-es|Isabel I de Castilla}}; {{Lang-en|Isabelle}}; {{lahirmati|Madrigal de las Altas Torres|22|4|1451|Medina del Campo|26|11|1504}}), juga dikenal sebagai '''Isabel sang Katolik''' (''Isabel la Católica''), adalah [[Ratu]] [[Kerajaan Kastila dan León|Kastila dan Leon]]. Melalui pernikahan, dia adalah [[Permaisuri]] [[Takhta Aragon|Aragon]] sebagai istri dari [[Fernando II dari Aragon|Fernando II]] pada [[19 Oktober]] [[1469]]. Pernikahan mereka menjadi dasar penyatuan politik Spanyol di bawah kepemimpinan cucu mereka [[Carlos I dari Spanyol|Carlos I atau Karl V]], Raja Kastila dan Aragon dan Kaisar Romawi Suci, serta mengawali masa keemasan Spanyol.
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Namun meskipun tidak memiliki kejelasan<ref name="French historian (32)">[[#Dumont|<sub><big>↓</big></sub>]] French historian Jean Dumont in [https://books.google.com/books?id=rkTcRTRCSYgC&pg=PA49&dq=%22batalla+de+Toro+indecisa&hl=pt-PT&ei=coyjTumhOqLP4QSCsq3mBA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=book-thumbnail&resnum=8&ved=0CEsQ6wEwBzhk#v=onepage&q&f=false ''La "imcomparable" Isabel la Catolica/ The incomparable Isabel the Catholic''], Encuentro Ediciones, printed by Rogar-Fuenlabrada, Madrid, 1993 (Spanish edition), p. 49: ''"...But in the left ''<nowiki>[Portuguese]</nowiki>'' Wing, in front of the Asturians and Galician, the reinforcement army of the Prince heir of Portugal, well provided with artillery, could leave the battlefield with its head high. The battle resulted this way, inconclusive. But its global result stays after that decided by the withdraw of the Portugal's King, the surrender... of the Zamora's fortress on March 19, and the multiple adhesions of the nobles to the young princes."''</ref><ref name="French historian Joseph-Louis Desormeaux (33)">[[#Desormeaux|<sub><big>↓</big></sub>]] French historian Joseph-Louis Desormeaux: ''"... The result of the battle was very uncertain; Ferdinand defeated the enemy's right wing led by Alfonso, but the Prince had the same advantage over the Castilians."'' In
[https://books.google.com/books?id=3x4JAAAAQAAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=%22Abrégé+chronologique+de+l%27histoire+d%27Espagne++%22&source=bl&ots=_Mc5v0VA-Z&sig=CGnv50KIfo_KbppxzabHt2YvJGI&hl=en&ei=2LHvTKbDNtSxhAeZsoi5DA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&re ''Abrégé chronologique de l'histoire de l'Éspagne''], Duchesne, Paris, 1758, 3rd Tome, p. 25.</ref> hasil, Pertempuran Toro menunjukkan besarnya kemenangan politik<ref name="Spanish academic António M. (34)">[[#Serrano|<sub><big>↓</big></sub>]] Spanish academic António M. Serrano: ''" From all of this it is deductible that the battle ''<nowiki>[of Toro]</nowiki>'' was inconclusive, but Isabella and Ferdinand made it fly with wings of victory. (...) Actually, since this battle transformed in victory; since 1 March 1476, Isabella and Ferdinand started to rule in the Spain's throne. (...) The inconclusive wings of the battle became the secure and powerful wings of San Juan's eagle'' <nowiki>[the commemorative temple of the Battle of Toro]</nowiki>'' ."'' in [http://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=4208108 ''San Juan de los Reyes y la batalla de Toro''], revista [http://www.realacademiatoledo.es/files/toletum/0009/toletum09_maciadiscurso.pdf Toletum]
Dengan pandangan politik yang luas, Isabel mengambil kesempatan ini dan mengadakan pertemuan di Madrigal-Segovia (April–Oktober 1476)<ref name="Historian Marvin">[[#Lunenfeld|<sub><big>↓</big></sub>]] Historian Marvin Lunenfeld: "In 1476, immediately after the indecisive battle of Peleagonzalo ''<nowiki>[near Toro]</nowiki>'', Ferdinand and Isabella hailed the result as a great victory and called a cortes at Madrigal. The newly created prestige was used to gain municipal support from their allies(...)" in [https://books.google.com/books?ei=h-Q1T83PEoK2hAfisv2RAg&ct=book-thumbnail&hl=pt-PT&id=QoFBAQAAIAAJ&dq=%22The+council+of+the+Santa+hermandad%3A+a+study+of+the+pacification+forces+of+Ferdinand+and+Isabella%2C+Marvin+Lunenfeld%22&q=%22indecisive+battle+of+Peleagonzalo%22 ''The council of the Santa Hermandad: a study of the pacification forces of Ferdinand and Isabella''], University of Miami Press, 1970, p. 27.</ref> dan menyumpah putrinya sebagai pewaris takhta Kastila, yang sama saja mengabsahkan takhta Isabel sendiri.
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