Skala penilaian depresi Hamilton: Perbedaan antara revisi
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'''Skala penilaian depresi Hamilton''' (''Hamilton Depression Rating Scale ''- HDRS),<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://serene.me.uk/tests/ham-d.pdf|title=the ham-d scale|access-date=29 November 2012|archive-date=2017-06-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170630153036/http://serene.me.uk/tests/ham-d.pdf|dead-url=yes}}</ref> atau disebut juga dengan '''skala penilaian Hamilton untuk depresi''' (''Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression''-HRSD), disingkat '''HAM-D''', adalah beberapa item kuesioner yang digunakan untuk mengetahui indikasi [[Depresi (psikologi)|depresi]], dan sebagai panduan dalam melakukan evaluasi terhadap proses pemulihan.<ref>Hedlund JL, Viewig BW (1979) The Hamilton rating scale for depression: a comprehensive review. ''Journal of Operational Psychiatry'' '''10''':149-165</ref> [[Max Hamilton]] pada mulanya menerbitkan skala tersebut pada tahun 1960,<ref>Hamilton, M (1960) A rating scale for depression. ''Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry.'' '''23''': 56-62 {{Doi|10.1136/jnnp.23.1.56}} {{PMID|14399272}}</ref> kemudian merevisinya pada tahun 1966,<ref>Hamilton M (1966) Assessment of change in psychiatric state by means of rating scales. ''Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine'' '''59 (Suppl. 1)''': 10-13 {{PMID|5922401}}</ref> 1967,<ref>Hamilton, M (1967) Development of a rating scale for primary depressive illness. ''British Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology'' '''6''': 278-96 {{PMID|6080235}}</ref> 1969,<ref>Hamilton, M (1969) Standardised assessment and recording of depressive symptoms. ''Psychiatria, Neurologia, Neurochirurgia.'' '''72''':201-205 {{PMID|5792061}}</ref> dan 1980.<ref>Hamilton, M (1980) Rating depressive patients. ''Journal of Clinical Psychiatry.'' ''' 41''': 21-24 {{PMID|7440521}}</ref> Kuesioner dirancang untuk orang dewasa dan digunakan untuk menilai tingkat keparahan depresi melalui penyelidikan terhadap suasana hati, perasaan bersalah, gagasan [[bunuh diri]], [[insomnia]], agitasi atau retardasi, [[Kegelisahan|kecemasan]], penurunan berat badan, dan gejala somatik.
Skala penilaian depresi Hamilton mendapat kritikan untuk penggunaannya dalam praktik klinis karena menempatkan lebih banyak penekanan pada insomnia daripada perasaan putus asa, pikiran destruktif mengenai diri sendiri, kognisi dan tindakan untuk melakukan bunuh diri.<ref>Firestone, R.W., & Firestone, L.A. (1996). ''Firestone Assessment of Self-Destructive Thoughts Manual.'' San Antonio, TX: Psychological Corporation.</ref> Sebab dengan adanya [[antidepresan]] dapat diketahui secara statistik bahwa bahkan ketika pikiran bunuh diri meningkat, frekuensi tidur pun dapat pula meningkat, atau untuk masalah depresi ini, antidepresan yang berefek samping meningkatkan gejala seksual dan gastrointestinal dapat menjadi kurang efektif dalam mengobati depresi daripada yang seharusnya.<ref>{{Cite journal|year=2004|title=The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale: has the gold standard become a lead weight?|journal=American Journal of Psychiatry|volume=161|issue=12|pages=2163–77|doi=10.1176/appi.ajp.161.12.2163|pmid=15569884}}</ref> Hamilton menyatakan bahwa skala yang dibuatnya tersebut tidak boleh digunakan sebagai instrumen diagnostik.<ref>Berrios, G.E., & Bulbena, A. (1990). The Hamilton Depression Scale and the Numerical Description of the Symptoms of Depression. In Bech, P., & Coppen, A. (Eds.), ''The Hamilton Scales'', Heidelberg: Springer, pp. 80-92</ref>
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Retrieved December 12, 2011.</ref> Pertanyaan 18-20 dapat direkam untuk memberikan informasi lebih lanjut mengenai depresi (apakah depresi yang hadir tersebut termasuk variasi [[diurnal]] atau gejala [[paranoid]]), namun bukan merupakan bagian dari skala penilaian. Tersedia panduan informasi terstruktur dalam pengisian dan penilaian kuesioner.<ref>Williams JBW (1989) A structured interview guide for the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale. ''Archives of General Psychiatry'' '''45''': 742-747. {{PMID|3395203}}</ref>
Meskipun skala Hamilton memiliki 17 item, versi lain mencakup hingga 29 item (HRSD-29).<ref>HRSD-7: [http://www.canmat.org/resources/PDF/HAMD-7%20rating%20scale.pdf 7-ITEM HAMILTON RATING SCALE FOR DEPRESSION: HAMD-7] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070705052003/http://www.canmat.org/resources/PDF/HAMD-7%20rating%20scale.pdf |date=2007-07-05 }} Error in webarchive template: Check <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url=</code> value. Empty.
''in'' [http://www.canmat.org/ Official website of CANMAT: Canadian Network for Mood and Anxiety Treatments] Error in webarchive template: Check <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url=</code> value. Empty.
Accessed June 30, 2008, ''and'' McIntyre R, Kennedy S, Bagby RM, Bakish DJ (2002) Assessing full remission. ''Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience'' '''27''': 235-239 {{PMID|12174732}}</ref><ref>HRSD-21: [http://healthnet.umassmed.edu/mhealth/HAMD.pdf The Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071120002356/http://healthnet.umassmed.edu/mhealth/HAMD.pdf |date=2007-11-20 }} (to be administered by a health care professional) (presented as a service by [//en.wiki-indonesia.club/wiki/GlaxoWellcome GlaxoWellcome], February 1997) ''in'' [http://healthnet.umassmed.edu UMass HealthNet: Consumer Health Resources for Massachusetts Residents: Official website of the Lamar Soutter Library, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01655 USA] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170829232822/http://healthnet.umassmed.edu/mhealth/HAMD.pdf |date=2017-08-29 }}. Retrieved June 27, 2008.</ref><ref>HRSD-24: [http://www.medafile.com/cln/HDRS.html Hamilton Depression Rating Scale - 24 item] (to be completed by a trained clinician) ''in'' [http://www.medafile.com FOCUS ON ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE: MEDAFILE; Site constructed and maintained by J. Wesson Ashford, M.D., Ph.D., Stanford / VA Alzheimer's Center, Palo Alto VA Hospital, 3801 Miranda Way, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA]. Retrieved June 27, 2008.</ref><ref>HRSD-29: Williams JBW, Link MJ, Rosenthal NE, Terman M, Structured Interview Guide for the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, Seasonal Affective Disorders Version (SIGHSAD). New York Psychiatric Institute, New York, 1988</ref>
== Skala lain ==
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== Pranala luar ==
* HRSD [http://farmacologiaclinica.info/scales/hamilton-depression/ online calculator]
* {{Cite web|url=http://healthnet.umassmed.edu/mhealth/HAMD.pdf|title=The Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression|access-date=2017-11-22|archive-date=2007-11-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071120002356/http://healthnet.umassmed.edu/mhealth/HAMD.pdf|dead-url=yes}} {{small|(49.0 KB)}}
* [http://www.psychiatrictimes.com/clinical-scales/depression/ Clinically Useful Psychiatric Scales: HAM-D (Hamilton Depression Rating Scale)]. Diakses Tanggal 6 Maret 2009.
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20090728195932/http://geocities.com/psych_out_print_hamilton/ Hamilton Depression Rating Scale - Original scientific paper published in 1960 in Psychiatry out of Print website]. Diakses Tanggal 27 Juni 2008.
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