Tianwen-1: Perbedaan antara revisi

Konten dihapus Konten ditambahkan
Tidak ada ringkasan suntingan
Tag: Suntingan visualeditor-wikitext
NFarras (bicara | kontrib)
Tidak ada ringkasan suntingan
Baris 3:
{{Infobox spaceflight
| name = ''Tianwen-1''
| names_list = Huoxing-1 (2018–20{{lang|zh|火星}}-1) (2018–2020)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.takungpao.com/news/232108/2019/1012/360558.html|title=中国火星探测器露真容 明年发射|date=2019-10-12}}</ref><ref>[https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/atoms/files/ger_2018_small_mobile.pdf The Global Exploration Roadmap]. NASA International Space Exploration Coordination Group. January 2018 {{PD-notice}}</ref><ref name='RM 2018'>[http://www.unoosa.org/documents/pdf/copuos/2018/copuos2018tech19E.pdf China's Deep Space Exploration Roadmap]. 2018.</ref>
 
<!--image of the spacecraft/mission-->| image = Mars_Global_Remote_Sensing_Orbiter_and_Small_Rover_at_IAC_Bremen_2018_02.jpg
| image = Mars Global Remote Sensing Orbiter and Small Rover (2020).png
| image_caption = ''Mockup'' robot penjelajah yang akan dibawa oleh<br>Tianwen-1 di Kongres Astronautika Internasional<br>ke-69
| image_caption = Wahana antariksa untuk misi Tianwen-1 saat menjalani pengujian. Kapsul perak di atasnya membawa pendarat dan penjelajah.
| image_alt = <!--image alt text-->
| image_size = <!--include px/em; defaults to 220px-->
Baris 39 ⟶ 40:
|object = Mars
|component = Pendarat<ref name="CGTN14Nov2019">{{cite news|url=https://news.cgtn.com/news/2019-11-14/It-s-official-China-s-first-Mars-lander-makes-debut-LBZ6WsMviE/index.html|title=It's official: China's first Mars lander debuts|work=[[China Global Television Network]]|date=14 November 2019|accessdate=2020-01-08}}</ref>
|arrival_date = 14 Mei 2021 (rencana)<ref name="cnet12052021">{{cite web|title=China's Tianwen-1 set to attempt Mars rover landing on Friday|url=https://www.cnet.com/news/chinas-tianwen-1-set-to-attempt-mars-rover-landing-on-friday/|website=cnet.com|access-date=May 12, 2021}}</ref><ref name="cnsa.gov.cn"/>
|arrival_date = 23 April 2021<ref name="spaceflightfans.cn"/> (rencana)
|location = [[Utopia Planitia]] (2 lokasirencana)<ref name="IEEE2019article"/>
}}
 
Baris 47 ⟶ 48:
|object = Mars
|component = Robot penjelajah
|arrival_date = Setelah 2314 AprilMei 2021 (rencana)<ref name="spaceflightfans.cncnet12052021"/> (proposed)
|location = Utopia Planitia (2 lokasi)<ref name="IEEE2019article"/>
}}
 
<!--mission insignia or patch-->| insignia = <!--omit the "file" prefix-->
| insignia = China Mars Exploration Mission Logo-2.png
| insignia_alt = <!--image alt text-->
| insignia_caption = Logo misi China Mars Exploration<br />({{lang-zh|c=中国行星探测}})
| insignia_size = <!--include px/em; defaults to 180px-->
| insignia_alt = Chinese Planetary Exploration Mars logo
| insignia_caption =
| insignia_size = 200px
}} '''''Tianwen-1''''' (juga dikenal sebagai '''Huoxing-1''', '''HX-1''' selama masa pengembangan<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.takungpao.com/news/232108/2019/1012/360558.html|title=中国火星探测器露真容 明年发射|date=2019-10-12}}</ref>) adalah misi antariksa berupa pengorbit, pendarat, dan penjelajah [[Mars]] yang diluncurkan oleh [[Republik Rakyat Tiongkok|Tiongkok]].<ref name="Jones20180209">{{Cite news|last=Jones|first=Andrew|url=https://gbtimes.com/china-simulates-mars-landing-in-preparation-for-2020-mission|title=China simulates Mars landing in preparation for 2020 mission|work=GBTimes|date=9 February 2018|access-date=3 March 2018}}</ref> Misi ini meluncur pada 23 Juli 2020<ref name="SFN20200618">{{Cite web|url=https://spaceflightnow.com/launch-schedule/|title=Launch Schedule|date=18 June 2020|publisher=Spaceflight Now|access-date=19 June 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XiJE5x9Lc80|title=Interview with Zhang Rongqiao, the man behind China's mission to Mars|website=Youtube|access-date=24 August 2016|quote=[[China Central Television]]}}</ref> menggunakan roket peluncur kelas berat [[Long March 5]].<ref name="Jones 2015">{{Cite news|last=Jones|first=Andrew|url=https://gbtimes.com/china-racing-make-2020-launch-window-mars|title=China is racing to make the 2020 launch window to Mars|work=GBTimes|date=22 February 2016|access-date=2016-02-22}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Berger|first=Eric|title=China pressing ahead with orbiter and lander mission to Mars|work=[[Ars Technica]]|date=22 February 2016|url=https://arstechnica.com/science/2016/02/china-pressing-ahead-with-orbiter-and-lander-mission-to-mars/|access-date=2016-02-23}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Lu|first=Shen|url=http://www.cnn.com/2015/11/04/asia/china-mars-probe-2020/|title=China says it plans to land rover on Mars in 2020|work=[[CNN News]]|date=4 November 2016|access-date=2016-02-23}}</ref> Tujuan utama misi ini adalah untuk mencari bukti kehidupan di masa kini dan masa lalu, serta untuk meneliti lingkungan di Mars.<ref name="Radar 2016">[https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/7572700/ The subsurface penetrating radar on the rover of China's Mars 2020 mission]. B. Zhou, S. X. Shen, Y. C. Ji, etal. 2016 16th International Conference on Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR). 13–16 June 2016.</ref>
}}
}} '''''Tianwen-1''''' (juga dikenal sebagai '''Huoxing-1''', '''HX-1''' selama masa pengembangan<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.takungpao.com/news/232108/2019/1012/360558.html|title=中国火星探测器露真容 明年发射|date=2019-10-12}}</ref>) adalah misi antariksa berupa pengorbit, pendarat, dan penjelajah [[Mars]] yang diluncurkan oleh [[Republik Rakyat Tiongkok|Tiongkok]].<ref name="Jones20180209">{{Cite news|last=Jones|first=Andrew|url=https://gbtimes.com/china-simulates-mars-landing-in-preparation-for-2020-mission|title=China simulates Mars landing in preparation for 2020 mission|work=GBTimes|date=9 February 2018|access-date=3 March 2018}}</ref> Misi ini meluncur pada 23 Juli 2020<ref name="SFN20200618">{{Cite web|url=https://spaceflightnow.com/launch-schedule/|title=Launch Schedule|date=18 June 2020|publisher=Spaceflight Now|access-date=19 June 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XiJE5x9Lc80|title=Interview with Zhang Rongqiao, the man behind China's mission to Mars|website=Youtube|access-date=24 August 2016|quote=[[China Central Television]]}}</ref> menggunakan roket peluncur kelas berat [[Long March 5]].<ref name="Jones 2015">{{Cite news|last=Jones|first=Andrew|url=https://gbtimes.com/china-racing-make-2020-launch-window-mars|title=China is racing to make the 2020 launch window to Mars|work=GBTimes|date=22 February 2016|access-date=2016-02-22}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Berger|first=Eric|title=China pressing ahead with orbiter and lander mission to Mars|work=[[Ars Technica]]|date=22 February 2016|url=https://arstechnica.com/science/2016/02/china-pressing-ahead-with-orbiter-and-lander-mission-to-mars/|access-date=2016-02-23}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Lu|first=Shen|url=http://www.cnn.com/2015/11/04/asia/china-mars-probe-2020/|title=China says it plans to land rover on Mars in 2020|work=[[CNN News]]|date=4 November 2016|access-date=2016-02-23}}</ref> Tujuan utama misi ini adalah untuk mencari bukti kehidupan di masa kini dan masa lalu, serta untuk meneliti lingkungan di Mars.<ref name="Radar 2016">[https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/7572700/ The subsurface penetrating radar on the rover of China's Mars 2020 mission]. B. Zhou, S. X. Shen, Y. C. Ji, etal. 2016 16th International Conference on Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR). 13–16 June 2016.</ref>
 
Pada 24 April 2021, [[China National Space Administration|CNSA]] mengumumkan nama '''Zhurong''' sebagai nama penjelajah mereka. [[Zhurong]] merujuk pada karakter dalam [[folklor Tiongkok]]<nowiki/>a yang berhubungan dengan api.<ref name="xinhua202104">{{cite web|last1=Hua|first1=Xia|date=24 April 2021|title=China's first Mars rover named Zhurong|url=http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2021-04/24/c_139902817.htm|work=Xinhuanet.com|access-date=24 April 2021}}</ref> Penjelajah ini akan mendarat di Mars pada 14 Mei 2021.<ref name="cnet12052021" /> Penjelajah ini kemudian akan menggunakan wahana pengorbit sebagai penghubung komunikasi dengan pusat kendali di Bumi.<ref name=":1" />
 
Nama "Tianwen" ({{Lang-zh|c={{linktext|天問}}}}), yang berarti [[Tianwen|Pertanyaan Surgawi]] atau Pertanyaan ke Surga, berasal dari puisi panjang dengan nama yang sama yang ditulis oleh [[Qu Yuan]] (sekitar 340-278 SM), salah satu penyair terhebat Tiongkok kuno.<ref name="04242020Xinhua">{{Cite news|url=http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2020-04/24/c_139004153.htm|title=China's First Mars Exploration Mission Named Tianwen-1|work=XinhuaNet|date=24 April 2020|access-date=24 April 2020}}</ref>
Baris 61 ⟶ 66:
== Gambaran ==
[[Berkas:Tianwen-1_launch_04_(cropped).jpg|kiri|jmpl|Peluncuran Tianwen-1 - 23 Juli 2020, 04:41:15 UTC]]
[[Berkas:Tianwen-1_schematic.png|kiri|jmpl|Komponen wahana antariksa misi Tianwen-1]]
Program Mars Tiongkok dimulai sejak terbentuknya kemitraan dengan [[Rusia]]. Pada November 2011, wahana antariksa Rusia bernama [[Fobos-Grunt]] yang ditujukan untuk meneliti Mars dan [[Fobos (satelit)|Fobos]] diluncurkan dari [[Kosmodrom Baykonur|Baikonur Cosmodrome]]. Wahana antariksa Rusia tersebut membawa sebuah wahana antariksa lain bernama [[Yinghuo-1]] yang ditujukan untuk menjadi pengorbit Mars pertama milik Tiongkok. Sayangnya, unit propulsi utama [[Fobos-Grunt]] gagal untuk mendorong tumpukan wahana antariksa itu menuju Mars dari orbit parkir Bumi. Gabungan proyek wahana antariksa multinasional dan eksperimen yang dibawanya memasuki kembali atmosfer Bumi pada Januari 2012.<ref name="RIANovostifalls">{{Cite news|last=Zolotukhin|first=Alexei|title=Russian Phobos-Grunt Mars probe falls in Pacific Ocean|url=http://en.rian.ru/world/20120115/170769403.html|access-date=16 January 2012|agency=RIA Novosti|date=15 January 2012|quote=Phobos-Grunt fragments have crashed down in the Pacific Ocean}}</ref> Tiongkok kemudian memulai proyek Mars secara independen<ref>{{Cite news|last=Nan|first=Wu|url=http://www.scmp.com/news/china/article/1539568/next-stop-mars-china-aims-send-rover-red-planet-within-six-years|title=Next stop – Mars: China aims to send rover to Red Planet within six years|work=[[South China Morning Post]]|date=24 June 2014|access-date=2016-02-23}}</ref> dan misi saat ini adalah hasilnya.
 
Baris 91 ⟶ 97:
* Mars Ion dan Neutral Particle Analyzer (MINPA)<ref name="spaceflightfans.cn">[http://www.spaceflightfans.cn/28219.html 2020中国火星探测计划(根据叶院士报告整理] Published in 2018.</ref>
 
; Penjelajah Zhurong
; Robot penjelajah
 
* [[Radar penembus tanah|Ground-Penetrating Radar]] (GPR), untuk mencitrakan fitur yang berada sekitar {{Convert|100|m}} bawah permukaan Mars<ref name="Radar 2016">[https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/7572700/ The subsurface penetrating radar on the rover of China's Mars 2020 mission]. B. Zhou, S. X. Shen, Y. C. Ji, etal. 2016 16th International Conference on Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR). 13–16 June 2016.</ref>