Transgender: Perbedaan antara revisi
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=== Eropa dan Timur Tengah ===
Orang ''[[Galli|Gallae]]'' di masa [[Romawi Kuno]] adalah para pengikut Dewi [[Cybele]] dalam kepercayaan orang [[Frigia]] yang [[kastrasi|mengkastrasi]] diri mereka<ref name="acybelealtarinlondon">{{cite journal |title=A Cybele Altar in London |last=Tillyard |first=E. M. W. |journal=[[The Journal of Roman Studies]] |publisher=[[Society for the Promotion of Roman Studies]] |issn=0075-4358 |volume=7 |year=1917 |pages=284–8 |doi=10.2307/295591 |jstor=295591 |via=[[JSTOR]] |subscription=y}}</ref> dan memenuhi pengertian orang transgender yang ada kini.<ref name="galliancientromanpriests">{{cite web|last=Endres |first=N. |url=http://www.glbtqarchive.com/ssh/galli_S.pdf |title=Galli: Ancient Roman Priests |website=glbtq Project |year=2005 |accessdate=2 Februari 2017}}</ref><ref name="twentiethcenturytransgender">{{cite web|last=Brown |first=K. |url=http://www.jenellerose.com/htmlpostings/20th_century_transgender.htm |title=20th Century Transgender History And Experience |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070211131614/http://www.jenellerose.com/htmlpostings/20th_century_transgender.htm |archivedate=11 Februari 2007}}</ref> [[Madinah]] pada [[Abad Pertengahan]] mengenal istilah ''[[mukhannatsun]]''<ref name="sunanabudawudbook41number4910">{{cite web|url=http://www.usc.edu/dept/MSA/fundamentals/hadithsunnah/abudawud/041.sat.html#041.4910 |author=Sunan Abu-Dawud |title=Kitab 41, nomor 4910 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070209011008/http://www.usc.edu/dept/MSA/fundamentals/hadithsunnah/abudawud/041.sat.html#041.4910 |archivedate=2007-02-09}}</ref> yang mungkin adalah laki-laki homoseksual atau wanita transgender.<ref name="theeffeminatesofearlymedina">{{cite journal |title=The Effeminates of Early Medina |last=Rowson |first=E. K. |journal=[[Journal of the American Oriental Society]] |publisher=[[American Oriental Society]] |issn=0003-0279 |volume=111 |issue=4 |year=1991 |pages=671–93 |doi=10.2307/603399 |jstor=603399 |via=[[JSTOR]] |registration=y}}</ref> Orang ''[[burrnesha]]'' di [[Albania]] bagian utara dikenal sebagai wanita yang mengambil [[sumpah keperawanan]] untuk hidup sebagai pria.<ref>{{cite web |author=National Geographic |url=http://video.nationalgeographic.com/video/albania_swornvirgins |title=Sworn Virgins |website=National Geographic |accessdate=2 Februari 2017 |archive-date=2017-02-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170203080719/http://video.nationalgeographic.com/video/albania_swornvirgins |dead-url=yes }}</ref> ''[[Femminiello|Femminielli]]'' adalah laki-laki homoseksual dengan ekspresi gender feminin di dalam budaya [[Napoli|Neapolitan]].<ref name="The Femminiello in Neapolitan Culture">{{cite web|author=Matthews, J. |title=The ''Femminiello'' in Neapolitan Culture |url=http://faculty.ed.umuc.edu/~jmatthew/naples/femm.html |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110515005531/http://faculty.ed.umuc.edu/~jmatthew/naples/femm.html |archivedate=15 Mei 2011}}</ref>
[[Kodeks Hammurabi]] menyebutkan orang-orang ''sal-zikrum'' di antara kasta pendeta di masa [[Kekaisaran Akkadia]]. Di beberapa pasal, mereka diperlakukan sebagai wanita sementara di beberapa pasal lain mereka diperlakukan sebagai pria. Tidak dapat diketahui secara pasti apakah para ''sal-zikrum'' merupakan pendeta wanita yang juga mengambil peran pria dalam kaitan perannya sebagai pendeta, atau pendeta pria yang berpakaian wanita dan memiliki peran wanita. Kata ''sal-zikrum'' itu sendiri merupakan gabungan dari imbuhan [[bahasa Sumeria]] ''sal'' (''perempuan'') dan kata [[bahasa Akkadia]] ''zikrum'' (''laki-laki'').<ref>{{cite journal|first=G. R. |last=Driver |first2=J. C. |last2=Miles |title=The SAL-ZIKRUM 'Woman-Man' in Old-Babylonian Texts |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/4241640 |journal=Iraq |publisher=[[British Institute for the Study of Iraq]] |volume=6 |issue=1 |year=1939 |pages=66-70 |subscription=y}}</ref>
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* {{cite news |last=Sellers |first=M. D. |year=2011 |title=Discrimination and the Transgender Population: A Description of Local Government Policies that Protect Gender Identity or Expression |series=Applied Research Projects |publisher=[[Texas State University-San Marcos]] |url=http://ecommons.txstate.edu/arp/360}}
* {{cite journal |last1=Thanem |first1=T. |last2=Wallenberg |first2=L. |year=2016 |title=Just doing gender? Transvestism and the power of underdoing gender in everyday life and work |doi=10.1177/1350508414547559 |journal=Organization |volume=23 |issue=2 |pages=250–271}}
* {{cite report |type=Laporan |author=Transvoice |year=2017 |title=Analisis Data Kasus Kekerasan Terhadap Trans-Perempuan Tahun 2009-2017 |publisher=Transvoice & Arus Pelangi |url=http://aruspelangi.org/publikasi/laporan-situasi/laporan-analisis-data-kasus-transvoice-2017/ |access-date=2018-04-04 |archive-date=2018-12-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226143852/https://aruspelangi.org/publikasi/laporan-situasi/laporan-analisis-data-kasus-transvoice-2017/ |dead-url=yes }}
* {{cite conference |title=Diskriminasi Waria dalam Memperoleh Pelayanan Publik Dasar: Tinjauan dari Perspektif Human Governance |url=http://sriyuliani.staff.fisip.uns.ac.id/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2012/06/DISKRIMINASI-WARIA-PROSIDING-ASPA1.pdf |last=Yuliani |first=Sri |conference=Seminar Internasional ASPA-IAPA "Innovative Governance" |date=Juni 2013 |access-date=2018-04-04 |archive-date=2017-10-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171018200921/http://sriyuliani.staff.fisip.uns.ac.id/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2012/06/DISKRIMINASI-WARIA-PROSIDING-ASPA1.pdf |dead-url=yes }}
== Pranala luar ==
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