Front Pembebasan Rakyat Tigray: Perbedaan antara revisi

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'''Front Pembebasan Rakyat Tigray''' ({{lang-ti|ህዝባዊ ወያነ ሓርነት ትግራይ ('''ህወሓት''')}}, ''ḥəzbawi wäyanä ḥarənnät təgray'', "Perjuangan Populer untuk Kebebasan Tigray") adalah sebuah kelompok [[paramiliter]],<ref>{{Cite news|last=Parkinson|first=Nicholas Bariyo and Joe|date=2020-11-29|title=Ethiopia’s Tigray Group, Once Powerful, Now Battles Government Forces in Bid for Survival|language=en-US|work=[[The Wall Street Journal]]|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/ethiopias-tigray-group-once-powerful-now-battles-government-forces-in-bid-for-survival-11606677423|access-date=2021-03-27|issn=0099-9660}}</ref> [[partai politik]],<ref>{{Cite web|title=Diaspora Protesters in US, Canada Back Ethiopian Government’s Handling of Tigray Conflict {{!}} Voice of America – English|url=https://www.voanews.com/africa/diaspora-protesters-us-canada-back-ethiopian-governments-handling-tigray-conflict|access-date=2021-03-15|website=www.voanews.com|language=en}}</ref> dan bekas [[partai pemerintahan]]<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-11-25|title=Rise and fall of Ethiopia’s TPLF – from rebels to rulers and back|url=http://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/nov/25/rise-and-fall-of-ethiopias-tplf-tigray-peoples-liberation-front|access-date=2021-03-27|website=the Guardian|language=en}}</ref> [[nasionalisme etnis|nasionalis etnis]]<ref>{{cite journal|author=Tefera Negash Gebregziabher|year=2019|title=Ideology and power in TPLF's Ethiopia: A historic reversal in the making?|journal=African Affairs|volume=118|issue=472|pages=463–484|doi=10.1093/afraf/adz005|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line-->|date=1 June 1990|title=Napalm statt Hirse|trans-title=Napalm instead of millet|newspaper=Die Zeit|url=https://www.zeit.de/1990/23/napalm-statt-hirse/komplettansicht|url-access=registration|lang=de}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|date=September 2008|title=Kriege ohne Grenzen und das "erfolgreiche Scheitern" der Staaten am Horn von Afrika|trans-title=Wars without borders and the 'successful failure' of the states in the Horn of Africa|url=https://www.swp-berlin.org/fileadmin/contents/products/studien/2008_S26_web_ks.pdf|website=Stiftung Wissenschaft und Politik|location=Berlin|lang=de}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|date=2005|title=Parlamentswahlen in Äthiopien|trans-title=Parliamentary elections in Ethiopia|url=https://www.ssoar.info/ssoar/bitstream/handle/document/10551/ssoar-afrspectrum-2005-2-smidt-parlamentswahlen_in_athiopien.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y|website=Social Science Open Access Repository|lang=de}}</ref> [[Etiopia]], yang didirikan pada 18 Februari 1975 di [[Dedebit (kota)|Dedebit]], barat laut [[provinsi Tigray|Tigray]],<ref name=":0">{{cite encyclopedia|year=2003|title=Tigray People's Liberation Front|encyclopedia=Encyclopaedia Aethiopica|publisher=Harrassowitz Verlag|location=Wiesbaden|date=}}</ref> menurut catatan resmi. Selama 16 tahun, front tersebut berkembang dari puluhan anggota menjadi gerakan pembebasan bersenjata paling berpengaruh di Etiopia.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Ethiopia: Democratization and Unity: The Role of the Tigray People's Liberation Front|last=Berhe|first=Kahsay|year=2005|location=Münster}}</ref> Front tersebut memimpin koalisi gerakan bernama [[Front Demokrat Revolusioner Rakyat Etiopia]] dari 1989 sampai 2018. Front tersebut berjuang selama 15 tahun melawan rezim [[Derg]] Etiopia yang digulingkan pada 1991. Karena kemampuan perangnya yang besar, front tersebut adalah garis depan dalam kekalahanDerg.<ref name="jamestown">Jamestown Foundation, 24 May: [https://jamestown.org/program/tigray-defense-forces-resist-ethiopian-army-offensive-as-sudan-eritrea-and-ethnic-militias-enter-the-fray/ Tigray Defense Forces Resist Ethiopian Army Offensive as Sudan, Eritrea, and Ethnic Militias Enter the Fray]</ref>

 

==Referensi==